Comparison of Defence Arts by Country in Law Enforcement Education

Law Enforcement Defence and Intervention Techniques (LEDIT) are the methods of defence and intervention applied to suspects, criminals, and individuals who threaten security and public order, by the authority granted by law to the gendarmerie personnel who have the duty of security, public order, and safety. The aim of this study is to analyse the martial arts used by law enforcement officers by country. In this study, which was designed for a descriptive purpose, the data were obtained from the websites of the Police and Gendarmerie Forces, from the replies to the defence techniques information request letter written to the embassies, and from the theses and articles published in the relevant field, by using the scanning method. According to the data obtained, it has been observed that many countries use more than one defence technique. As a result, all countries in the world either created their own fighting styles for close-range combat or took them from other countries and blended them within their own styles. The study group of the research consists of the police forces of 22 countries, including Turkey, and 6 countries affiliated to the International Gendarmerie and Law Enforcement Forces with Military Status (FIEP).

Principals’ Positive Organizational Behavior in Schools and Its Results

In this study, the positive situations that principals put forward about teachers, students, the institution and themselves, and the results of these positive situations and practices were investigated. The current study has been carried out with a descriptive purpose. The positive organizational behavior of the principals in schools and its results, which is the subject of the study, are examined within the scope of "phenomenology." The research was conducted on 32 different institutions and educators in a province in the Western Black Sea Region in the 2020-2021 academic year. In the present study, it has been obtained that the principals generally emphasize the positive organizational behaviors of teachers, students, the school and themselves. Considering the fact that positive organizational behavior in schools increases corporate and individual performance and highlights the strengths of the organization and employees, the following comment can be made: Educational institutions and managers need to make positive organizational behavior a part of the corporate culture and corporate climate.

A New, Ecologically Self-Significant Metric of Species-Abundance Unevenness, Reliably Highlighting the Intensity of Interspecific Competition

A wide series of commonly used metrics of abundance-evenness (or -unevenness) have been proposed to characterize synthetically the distributions of species-abundances, accounting for the hierarchic-like organization of species within natural communities. Among them, most – if not all–have been relevantly criticized on their serious limitations regarding both their “descriptive” and their “interpretative” capacities. From the descriptive point of view, many authors have already repeatedly emphasized the formal non-independenceof conventional (un-)evenness metrics with respect to species-richness, leading, in particular, to unacceptable bias when comparing communities differing by their species-richness, thus making these metrics unreliable descriptors in this respect. Now, as regards the capacity to provide relevant ecological interpretations, especially in terms of the intensity of competition among co-occurring species, the weakness of conventional (un-)evenness metrics is readily highlighted by the usual absence of any associated interpretation of this kind in the literature: the conventional (un-)evenness metrics beingrestricted to purely descriptive purpose only. Accordingly, a newly designed abundance-unevenness metric – the “standardized abundance-unevenness” index is proposed, positively addressing both kinds of limitations evoked above. By standardizing a conventional measure,U,of abundance-unevenness to the corresponding measure, U’, of the abundance-unevenness in the well-known “broken-stick” model, the resulting “standardized unevenness” index (Istr = U/U’) proves to be efficient against both themajor limitations pointed-out above:indeed,the new index does benefit by being both (i) formally independent from species-richness, thereby allowing reliable,unbiased comparisons of abundance unevenness between species-communities, whatever their difference in species-richness; (ii) able to relevantly quantify the mean intensity of interspecific-competition within community, in term of its direct outcomeuponthe degree of species-abundance unevenness. This double success being, of course, the direct consequences of the properties of the “broken-stick” distribution model, originally putforth in a well-known, yet insufficiently thoroughly exploited paper by the regretted Robert MacArthur.

The creation process of environmentally sustainable enterprises

Objective: To analyze phases that involve the process of creating environmentally sustainable enterprises. Method: Qualitative approach with an exploratory and descriptive purpose. A multi-case study strategy was employed, carried out with five micro-enterprises located in the state of Paraná. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observed under documental analysis. Originality/Relevance: Evidenced by the scarcity of studies investigating how the sustainable environmental entrepreneurial process occurs, the present study can be seen as an initial effort to help fill this gap. Results: The evidence demonstrated that the sustainable environmental entrepreneurial process as a multifaceted phenomenon, admitting different configurations depending on the profile of the individual who undertakes a venture, motivations for business creation, central proposal of the created enterprise and development context. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Proposition of a specific structure in the field of environmental sustainable entrepreneurship that which allows for recursion between the phases and / or the non-coverage of any of them in the creation of an enterprise of this nature. Social contributions: The proposed model can guide new entrepreneurs in the creation of an environmentally sustainable enterprise.

PRÁTICAS RELACIONAIS, MECANISMOS DE GOVERNANÇA E CONFIANÇA EM UMA REDE DE COOPERAÇÃO

A concepção de redes abriu novas direções para as pesquisas que visam entender as diferenças de conduta e desempenho existentes entre as empresas. Assim, os novos tipos de arranjos organizacionais exigem formas de governança capazes de conciliar competição e cooperação, autonomia e interdependência para o desenvolvimento sinérgico das competências dos membros da rede. Agir coletivamente por meio das práticas relacionais, auxilia as empresas na redução dos custos em função da construção conjunta, tais como o compartilhamento de recursos físicos e desenvolvimento de mão-de-obra e Know-how. A pesquisa objetivou identificar a influência da prática relacional entre os associados e um fornecedor de uma rede de cooperação formada por restaurantes, sob a ótica da governança e confiança entre associados. O estudo abordou uma rede de cooperação composta por vinte empresas do setor de gastronomia da Serra Gaúcha. Adotou-se um método com abordagem qualitativa, objetivo exploratório e descritivo, como procedimento técnico utilizou-se o estudo de caso, e a técnica utilizada foi a análise de conteúdo. A obtenção dos dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, com três participantes da rede. Os principais resultados do estudo demonstraram que as práticas relacionais existentes configuram a geração de confiança e os mecanismos de governança geram segurança entre os associados e o fornecedor. A interligação dos aspectos citados colabora para a cooperação mútua e ganho na competitividade e no poder de barganha e negociação, gerando redução de custos nas transações.Palavras-Chave: Práticas Relacionais. Redes de Cooperação. Confiança. Governança. PRACTICAL RELATIONAL, GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND CONFIDENCE IN A COOPERATION NETWORKAbstract: The design of networks opened new directions for research aimed at understanding the differences in behavior and performance existing between the companies. Thus, new types of organizational arrangements require forms of governance able to reconcile competition and cooperation, autonomy and interdependence for synergic development of skills of the network members. Act collectively through relational practices, helps companies reduce the cost function in the joint construction, such as the sharing of physical resources and development of skilled labor and know-how. From the research aimed to identify the influence of relational practice between the partners and a supplier of a cooperation network formed by restaurants from the perspective of governance and trust among associates. The study addressed a cooperation network consisting of twenty companies from the gastronomic sector saw. For the construction of the study, we adopted the method with a qualitative approach with exploratory and descriptive purpose, the technical procedure use was the case study, and the technique used was content analysis. Data collection was through participant observation, application of an interview script with three participants investigated network. The main results of the study showed that the existing related practices constitute the generation of trust and governance mechanisms generate security among the members and the supplier. The interconnection between the aforementioned aspects contributes to mutual cooperation and gain competitiveness and bargaining power and negotiation, generating cost savings in transactions.Keywords: Relational Practices. Cooperation Networks. Trust. Governance.

Innovation in public administration

Purpose The subject of innovation in public service has been gaining attention in Brazilian scientific practice and production. This paper aims to identify national studies on innovation in public administration and increase the level of knowledge about the subject, as well as to inspire new research and promote advances in theoretical and practical knowledge about innovation in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach The present study has a descriptive purpose, quantitative nature and was performed through a bibliometric study based on the protocol proposed by Cronin et al. (2008). Documentary data were collected from scientific articles, and quantitative techniques for descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Were selected Brazilian scientific journals classified with Qualis equal to or higher than B1, in the area of Public Administration and Business, Accounting and Tourism, in the quadrennium 2013-2016; a total of 164 journals searched. Findings The results herein indicate a research gap that should be filled by more theoretical studies. Also, they point to the need for multimethod research studies that promote the evaluation of product and process innovation, especially related to the phases of invention and implementation. Originality/value Few studies have covered public administration and, especially, innovation reviews; none of these studies focused on innovation in the Brazilian public sector, as proposed by this research; the period of analysis and coverage of journals used as search criteria also differ from other reviews in the area of innovation and public sector.

Genital prolapse at university hospital of Cocody: clinical aspects and therapeutic management

Background: To determine the epidemiological aspects of genital prolapse; to describe the different clinical aspects of genital prolapse observed and to evaluate the therapeutic management of genital prolapse at the University hospital of Cocody (UH-C).Methods: We did an observational and transversal study with a descriptive purpose over 5 years from 2012 to 2016 in the Gynecology and obstetrics department of UH-C. The studied population was all cases of genital prolapse diagnosed and treated in the service during the period of the study. A follow-up over one year after surgery has been observed to evaluate surgical outcomes and recurrences. Genital prolapse was generally a uterine prolapse at stage 3 or 4. It was associated to cystocele in 31.4%. We did not find stress urinary incontinence associated with prolapse in our study. The surgical intervention performed was, in the majority case, the triple perineal intervention with success of 95.6%. A case of recurrence in the form of cystocele has been observed to a year of decline.Results: Genital prolapse was relatively common. It accounted for 0.5% of all gynecological visits. Women were young with an average age of 39.5 years. 62.9% were multiparous. 62.5% had given birth at least once at home without medical assistance. The reason for consultation the most watched was the projection of body at the vulva.Conclusions: Genital prolapse is a condition under estimated in Côte d'Ivoire. It represented 0.5% of the gynecological visits. Obstetric traumas were frequently found in our young patients with genital prolapse. The sociocultural considerations have contributed to delay consultations, to observe very advanced stages. The surgery performed was mainly the perineal triple surgery.

Anglicismos e imagens em rótulos de produtos: um olhar da gramática visual

Understanding foreign words as terms full of symbolic values related to the speakers of the language from where the loan word comes from (GARCEZ & ZILLES, 2001) and the image as a semiotic resource that reveals meanings, values and ideologies (DIONÍSIO, 2011)that can be interpreted through a visual literacy (ALMEIDA, 2011), this article presents the results of research about critical reading of anglicisms and images located at frontal labels of products sold in Guarabira – PB, these labels are considered as textual genres. According to Bakthin (1979) and Marcuschi (2011) a textual genre is characterized by its communicative purpose, theme, style and schematic structure, it is relatively stable but at the same time dynamic and malleable. The main objective of the research was to promote a reading of these anglicisms associated with the images and inform about the importance of looking up their meanings in the context of a specific field of interest So as to do that, the visual grammar (KRESS & VAN LEEUWEN, 2006) was used as a tool for data analysis, showing the representational, interactive and compositional meanings in the product labels, The research method used was an applied approach, with descriptive purpose of registration, quantification, observation and identification of meanings presented in the visual and verbal information in the labels, and it was also a qualitative research because it promoted an interpretative and critical analysis of the data selected among the 99 collected, based on a visual and verbal text reading. Results pointed out that the arrangement of the elements can cause more or less interaction between the participants represented in the image and the participant outside it, that is, the reader / observer / consumer, leading him/her to the desire to buy the product, and also to express ideological conceptions of gender and ethnicity.

A aplicabilidade do método das unidades de esforço de produção em uma panificadora: evidências de um estudo de caso

<p>Micro and small enterprises, such as those that typically make up the baking industry, usually lack the resources to invest in complex management tools. A relatively simple alternative to help in cost control and evaluation of productive performance is the Production Effort Units (UEPs - from the Portuguese Unidades de Esforço de Produção) method, which is usually applied to industrial enterprises. This study aims to present consistent evidence that the UEPs method is applicable to a bakery and, to this end, a case study was developed in a small bakery in João Pessoa/PB, using the theoretical basis presented by Bornia (2010) and Kliemann Neto (1994). This work has a descriptive purpose, in which bibliographic research, documentary research and case study were used as methods. The research is classified as qualitative and quantitative, and data collection was based on company documents, timing, unstructured interviews and observation of the production process. The case study demonstrated that the UEPs method was implemented with the use of common spreadsheets, providing the transformation costs and the indicators for the control of productive performance. The results suggest that the UEPs method is applicable to the baking process. </p>

Results of the multicentric management of infertility couples in Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

Background: The management of infertile couples has seen many advances characterized today by the different techniques of medically assisted procreation (MAP) that are increasingly practiced in the developed countries. The objective of present study is to describe our experience of multicentric management of infertile couples in our ivorian context.Methods: This is a retrospective and cohort study with descriptive purpose over 210 couples treated for infertility in the gynecology services of the University and Hospital Center of Treichville and a private clinic in Abidjan, from 1st February 2013 to 31st January 2017 (48 months).Results: The frequency of infertility was 14%, and the average age was 34.3 years for women and 43.2 years for men. The etiologies were found in 199 couples (94.8%), particularly in 136 women and 113 men. The main causes were uterine (58.1%), and hormonal (26.5%) in women and of infectious origin in men (79.7%). The majority of the patients (113 women and 97 men) received an etiologic treatment, dominated by myomectomia in women (67 patients) and targeted antiobitherapy in men (84.5%). Moreover 113 couples (53.8%) received a medically assisted procreation. After the management 110 couples (52.4%) got pregnant.Conclusions: The multicenter management has enabled infertile couples to have access to modern methods in their care.