Genesis of the Planet Earth

This article is based on the theory of vortex gravitation and physical abnormalities of the Earth - slowing its rotation. Defined orbital acceleration, weight, approach to the Sun and the age of our planet. Offered to justify the creation of planetary material in the center of the Earth torsion, and not as the accumulation of cosmic dust and meteorites from outer space.

London-Proca-Hirsch Equations for Electrodynamics of Superconductors on Cantor Sets

In a recent paper published at Advances in High Energy Physics (AHEP) journal, Yang Zhao et al. derived Maxwell equations on Cantor sets from the local fractional vector calculus. It can be shown that Maxwell equations on Cantor sets in a fractal bounded domain give efficiency and accuracy for describing the fractal electric and magnetic fields. However, so far there is no derivation of equations for electrodynamics of superconductor on Cantor sets. Therefore, in this paper I present for the first time a derivation of London-Proca-Hirsch equations on Cantor sets. The name of London-Proca-Hirsch is proposed because the equations were based on modifying Proca and London-Hirsch’s theory of electrodynamics of superconductor. Considering that Proca equations may be used to explain electromagnetic effects in superconductor, I suggest that the proposed London-Proca-Hirsch equations on Cantor sets can describe electromagnetic of fractal superconductors. It is hoped that this paper may stimulate further investigations and experiments in particular for fractal superconductor. It may be expected to have some impact to fractal cosmology modeling too.

Performance Evaluation and Comparison of Different Noise, Apply on PNG Image Format Used in Deconvolution Wiener Filter (FFT) Algorithm

Image Restoration is a field of Image Processing. This deals with recovering an original and sharp image from a degraded image using degradation & restoration function. This study focus on restoration of degraded images which have been blurred by known degradation function. PNG (Tag Index Format) are considered for analyzing the image restoration techniques deconvolution using wiener filter (FFT) algorithm with an information of the Point Spread Function (PSF) corrupted blurred image and then corrupted by Different noise. Performance analysis is done to measure the efficiency by which image is recovered. The analysis is done on the basis of various performance metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error(MSE),Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE).

Recent Modeling of MDMO-PPV: PCBM Solar Cells versus Mixture Ratio, Electric Field and Incidence Angle with Hopping Model

It is a matter of controversy why excitons can efficiently dissociate into free carriers at an intrinsic polymer/fullerene interface. While extensive characterization is performed in the course of many reported experimental studies, correlation of performance and physical parameters among studies done in different laboratories is low, pointing out the need to address some aspects of BHJSC active materials that have received relatively some attention. In this paper, we discuss the modeling of MDMO-PPV/PCBM(Poly(2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene)/ soluble C60 derivative, methanofullerene, [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester organic devices. In our approach, we apply two recent methods so called transfer matrix method and hopping model to calculate the exciton dissociation probability, and photocurrent density versus mixture ratio, electric field and angle of incidence. The results show that EDP (exciton dissociation probability) in solar cells without PEDOT-PSS (Poly (ethylendioxythiophene)-Poly(styrene sulfonic acid)) HTL hole transporting layer is better than the cells with additional layer in enhancing the performance of MDMO-PPV/PCBM solar cells. When the weight ratio of MDMO-PPV is less than 3:5 and 2:5 respectively, the best exciton dissociation probability, and photocurrent density of solar cell is obtained.

Generalised Sum Construction of Automorphic Bibds and their Applications in Experimental Designs and Technology

We give more constructions equivalent to “sum construction “, of BIBDs where BIBD is added to a BIBD that is automorphic to it is presented. Moreover we present their applications in technology

The Precession of the Perihelion of Mercury Explained by Celestial Mechanics of Laplace

We calculate in this article an exact theoretical value obtained classically for the secular precession of the perihelion of Mercury, followed by the theory of Stockwell, based on planetary theory of Laplace, your Mécanique Céleste: found 5600’’.84 of arc per century for the angular velocity of the longitude of the perihelion of Mercury, dω/dt, adding to the precession of the equinoxes of the Earth relative to the beginning of the year 1850, as calculated by Stockwell.

Increasing the Lifetime of Variable Displacement Vane Pump with Aluminium Body

In this study, anodic oxidation method is applied to a flow-regulating valve and valve seat of the variable displacement vane pump with an aluminium body, which is used commonly in commercial vehicle steering systems. Then the lifetime of the pump is tested in a contaminated hydraulic fluid. After the lifetime tests, surfaces of the coatings are characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The thickness of the coating after the process is measured between 30 and 40 microns, and the hardness of the coating is between 360 and 440 Hv. This experiment proved that the resistance of the valve seat increased by between 30 and 40% after the coating process.

Performance of Silt Protector in Three Dimensional Flows

Performance of silt-curtain in three dimensional sea is investigated through a series of experiments. It is found that there are three mechanisms to reduce concentration and flux of turbidity generated by the construction work from flowing out of the construction site enclosed with silt curtains. The first is the temporal storage of turbidity and retardation of the flow of turbidity around the curtain. The second is the acceleration of dispassion of turbidity caused by the turbulence generated around the curtain that decreases the peak value of concentration of turbidity. The last one is the reduction of flow velocity in the enclosed area. As a result, the diffusion time increases and the amount of turbidity settled down in the enclosed region increases. Taking these mechanisms into account a simple procedure to predict reduction of flow velocity and the flux of turbidity is proposed. The applicability of the proposed procedure is examined using experimental results.

Effect of Drying Processes on Stability of Anthocyanin Extracts from Saffron Petal

Saffron (Crocus sativus) has cyanic color flowers with major colorant of anthocyanin. Attractive color and functional properties of anthocyanins make them a good substitute for synthetic pigments in the food industry. These natural soluble water colorants are rather unstable and influenced by final processing treatment. The drying process is critical to the stability of saffron petals anthocyanins. Four different dehydration methods were evaluated: traditional method (at room temperature and under the sun); dehydration with electrical oven at different temperatures; and dehydration with microwave at different powers. The results showed that the highest amount of anthocyanin was obtained when saffron petals treated by traditional methods (at room temperature and under the sun). According to the results, the stability of saffron petals anthocyanins gradually accessed with increase of the heating temperature and decrement of heating time until 100 °C. However, heated at 120 and 140 °C, the anthocyanins could break down, and their residual amounts declined within 20 min and 10 min, respectively. The results suggested that saffron petals anthocyanins tended to degrade at high temperatures (>100 °C). Between these methods, drying at room temperature and drying with microwave at 900 W obtained the highest and the lowest results respectively.

Mathematical Model Studies for River Regulatory Measures for the Improvement of Draft in Hoogly Estuary, India

The Haldia port is situated in the Hooghly estuary, 104 km downstream of Kolkata Port. As a result of high sedimentation, the navigational channel to the Haldia Port is maintained with great amount of dredging (25 MCM per Annum). The paper presents a study carried out to find a solution to improve the channel depth together with minimum maintenance dredging. A desk study was carried out to identify the historical formation of the estuary and the remedial measures implemented in the past. A detailed field investigation was carried out to obtain the relevant data for the calibration of numerical models. 1D (MIKE 11) river hydrodynamic modelling was carried out using the available bathymetric data to supply upstream boundary conditions for the 2D (MIKE 21) and 3D (MIKE 3) numerical models. Number of possible scenarios were tested through MIKE 21 hydrodynamic modelling to select more feasible options. Selected options were further assessed through morphodynamic and 3D hydrodynamic modelling to examine the long term sustainability of the proposed solutions. Finally, the option which comprise of; approach channel through Balari Passage & closure of the Shore Attached Channel was selected as the best option. The selected option was further studied taking navigational aspects, dredging efforts and construction sequence into consideration.