The environmental perception system based on Internet of things has got rid of the dilemma of data collection in previous environmental monitoring systems. It can collect data in real time and upload it at high speed, and conduct data dynamic analysis in real time. It has greatly saved the cost of the previous handwritten data, and the speed of data collection and analysis has improved by leaps and leaps. Besides, on the basis of detecting water quality and soil pH, a variety of information data that modern people pay more attention to, such as PM2.5 and CO2 concentration, have been added, which solves the problem of single data in the old environmental perception system, and can better detect environmental conditions to meet the needs of modern people. Environmental data is stored in the database as a kind of data resource, which can be used to analyze the trend of environmental information and displayed on mobile phone and Internet pages. This system considers the cost problem to complete the stronger performance with lower cost, has satisfied the modern people to live the environment the demanding request, causes the people to live in the surroundings several meters air, the water quality, the soil real-time monitoring environment.