Sentul Fruit (Sandoricum koetjape) Peel as Anti-Inflammation for Gingivitis after Scaling

Various herbs are used as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, expectorant, anti-plaque and odorant. Sentul is an edible fruit and is also used in traditional medicinal herbs which can treat diarrhea, relieve fever, and as an anthelmintic. Sentul bark methanol extract can inhibit the growth of fungus Candida albican by 39.65%. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract of the sentul leaves also has anti-bacterial activity. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of fractionation with different types of solvents on the phytochemical compounds of Sentul fruit peel in Bali province. This research is an experimental study in a laboratory with qualitative and quantitative analysis models of chemical compounds. This research was carried out from March to August 2021. The research location was carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Food Technology, Udayana University. Sample criteria was old Sentul peel, about 30 kilograms. Data was collected based on the results of examinations from the Laboratory of the Faculty of Food Technology, Udayana University which subsequently analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. From several phytochemical compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannins are aromatic hydroxyl groups that act as antibacterial. Therefore, seen from the highest levels of flavonoids, saponins and tannins, aqua fraction of Sentul ethanol extract is the best treatment with flavanoid levels of 11476.16 mg/100g QE, tannins 88.605 mg/g and saponins 6.862 mg/g.

Sentul Fruit (Sandoricum koetjape) Peel as Anti-Inflammation for Gingivitis after Scaling

Various herbs are used as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, expectorant, anti-plaque and odorant. Sentul is an edible fruit and is also used in traditional medicinal herbs which can treat diarrhea, relieve fever, and as an anthelmintic. Sentul bark methanol extract can inhibit the growth of fungus Candida albican by 39.65%. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract of the sentul leaves also has anti-bacterial activity. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of fractionation with different types of solvents on the phytochemical compounds of Sentul fruit peel in Bali province. This research is an experimental study in a laboratory with qualitative and quantitative analysis models of chemical compounds. This research was carried out from March to August 2021. The research location was carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Food Technology, Udayana University. Sample criteria was old Sentul peel, about 30 kilograms. Data was collected based on the results of examinations from the Laboratory of the Faculty of Food Technology, Udayana University which subsequently analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. From several phytochemical compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannins are aromatic hydroxyl groups that act as antibacterial. Therefore, seen from the highest levels of flavonoids, saponins and tannins, aqua fraction of Sentul ethanol extract is the best treatment with flavanoid levels of 11476.16 mg/100g QE, tannins 88.605 mg/g and saponins 6.862 mg/g.

Of ZnO Nanoparticle using Sandoricum Koetjape Peel Extract as Bio-stabilizer under Microwave Irradiation

The use of sentul (Sandoricum koetjape) peel extract as a biostabilizer in the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has been carried out as an environmentally friendly production. This research was conducted by reacting a 0.2 M of Zn precursor (zinc nitrate hexahydrate) solution with Sentul peel extract (10g/l). The samples were varied based on the ratio of the volume of the Zn solution to the Sentul peel extract, i.e., 1:4, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, and 4:1 where each sample was assigned a ZSk initial code. The ZnO synthesis used a microwave technique with a power of 360 Watt. Morphological, structural, optical absorption, and functional groups were analyzed based on the results of the characterization of SEM, XRD, UV-Vis, and FTIR Spectroscopy. SEM images show the morphology of ZnO particles in the form of semi-hollow spheres and macaron-like shapes. The particle size decreases with the addition of the volume of the Zn solution. The XRD diffraction pattern shows the diffraction peaks that correspond to the hkl plane of the wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO. The highest optical absorption of the UV-Vis spectrum occurred in the wavelength range of 300-360 nm. The FTIR spectrum represents the involvement of the O-H functional groups derived from the polyphenolic compound of sentul peel extract.

Isolasi Senyawa Kumarin pada Tanaman

Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity. Of several plants that can be used as alternative medicine to treat disease. The efficacy of plants as medicine in health is related to plants having chemical compounds which are the result of secondary metabolites contained in these plants. One of the secondary metabolites in plants is coumarin. Coumarins can be found in almost all plants from roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruit. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify coumarin compounds contained in these plants. In the process of isolating coumarin compounds that can be done by several methods including extraction, phytochemical screening, fractionation, isolation of coumarins and identification of isolates. Plants containing coumarin compounds that were used in the isolation of coumarins that we reviewed were sundai lime peel (Citrus nobilis Lour), rambutan fruit seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L), water henna leaves (Impatiens Balsemina Linn), harp bark (Sandoricum koetjape) and Artemisia annua L.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE UTILIZATION OF FOREST FRUITS IN BATAK TOBA COMMUNITY

Batak Toba community who live in the surrounding forests utilise forest-fruits that grow around their settlement. This research aims to describe the important value of the forest fruits using the Local Users Value Index (LUVI) assessment as most of the fruits have not yet been traded. The research was conducted in Simardangiang and Sitoluama Villages in North Tapanuli Regency, 2015. Data collection was done by interviewing 65 respondents selected purposively based on gender and age classification. The results showed that there were 29 species of forest fruits utilised by the community. They were categorised into four utilisation types: fresh fruit, flavouring fruit, processed fruit, and medicines. In Simardangiang Village, the five most important fruits were kapundung or menteng (Baccaurea racemose) (0.56), hopong (Macaranga lowii) (0.52), sotul, santol or sentul (Sandoricum koetjape) (0.48), harimonting or kemunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) (0.47), and habo or kabau (Archidendron bubalinum) (0.42). Meanwhile, in Sitoluama Village, the five most important fruits were kapundung (Baccaurea racemosa) (0.50), hopong (Macaranga lowii) (0.41), sihim or rotan manau (Calamus manan) (0.32), handis or gamboge (Garcinia xanthochymus) (0.32), and mobe (Artocarpus dadah) (0.19). The numbers in parentheses are the important value based on LUVI. The forest fruits that have domestication potency are kapundung (Baccaurea racemose), hopong (Macaranga Iowii), sihim (Calamus manan), handis (Garcinia xanthochymus), mobe (Artocarpus dadah), harimonting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa), sotul (Sandorium koetjape) and habo (Archidendron bubalinum).

Phytochemical screening and Total Phenolics of Stem and Leaf extracts of Sandoricum koetjape

Sandoricum koetjape belongs to the family Meliaceae which is known to have antioxidant activity. Natives of Betawi use stem of S. koetjape for the treatment of helminthiasis meanwhile leaf of S. koetjape was used for the treatment of fever. Stem and leaf of that plant were tested for phytochemical and total phenolics content. Phytochemical screening of plants extracts revealed the presence of quinon. Quantitative determination of total phenolics of methanol and chloride acid extract was carried out using colorimetric methods. The mean total phenolics content was found to be 1.4155 mg/g and 3.1469 mg/g for stem and leaf respectively (ANOVA, p=0.000). There is significant difference in total phenolics content between the stem and leaf of Sandoricum koetjape.

Potential of Local Plants from Buton Island as a Source of Learning Biology

The aims of this study is to identify the diversity of local plants on the island of Buton, the results of the identification of potential learning resources, the potential of local plants on the island of Buton to be used as a source of learning to achieve basic skill in the 2013 curicullum. This researches is a method of exploratory research that contains survey, observation and interview for the use of local plants. The data analysis used is the exploratif analysis and analysis of potential learning resources through a literature review. The results of this study indicate that 23 species of local plants have been identified on Buton Island to be used as a functional food, coloring agents, plastic subtitutes, herbs and spices, medicines and cosmetics, and raw materials for crafts/textiles. The local plants are Amorpophalus sp., Dioscorea alata, Setaria italica, Maranta arundinaceae, Cajanus sp., Oryza sativa, Indigofera sp., Tectona grandis, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Ficus septica, Pisonia alba, Musa balbisinia, Sterculia sp., Amomum sp., Spondias pinnata, Sandoricum koetjape, Averhoa balumbi, Eleutherine palmifolia, Donax canniformis, Pandanus sp., Lygodium circinatum, Bambusa blumeana, and lapi. Based on the requirements of fulfilling local potential as a source of learning that includes aspects of potential clarity, conformity to goals, clarity of objectives, clarity of information revealed, clarity of exploration guidelines and clarity of expected outcomes. the results of research in the form of local plant potential on Buton Island to achieve K.D-3.2 2013 curriculum on Indonesian Biodiversity Materials can be used as a source of biology learning for SMA class X.

STANDARISASI NON SPESIFIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KECAPI (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELUWIH (Artocarpus communis)

ABSTRACT The chemicals contained in an extract must be maintained its quality. The aim of this study is to prove both that the ethanol extract of kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape, Merr.) and keluwih (Artocarpus communis) leaves meet the non-specific parameters on the standardization of the extract. The ethanol extract of kecapi and keluwih leaves were extracted using the ultrasonic method. The extract was tested with non-specific parameters including water content, total ash content and metal contamination level. The test results are compared with standard parameter references. Ethanol extract of kecapi leaf have water content of 27.75% ± 1.708, total ash content of 4.856% ± 0.040 and levels of As metal contamination < 0.030 mg/Kg, Hg < 0.002 mg/Kg, Pb < 0.400 mg/Kg, while ethanol extract of keluwih leaf have water content of 23.206 ± 0.091%, total ash content of 9,678 ± 0.306% and levels of heavy metal contamination of As < 0.03 mg/Kg, Hg < 0.006 mg/Kg, Pb < 0.02 mg/Kg. The both extract meet the standard parameters of water content, total ash content and levels heavy metal contamination. Key words: kecapi leaves (Sandoricum koetjape, Merr.), keluwih leaves (Artocarpus communis), non-specific standardization