THE EFFECTS OF INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT AND CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL

<p>This research is aimed at knowing the effect of intelligence quotient and critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill. The research methodology is quantitative research design with the use of a survey with multi-correlation technique using some samples from a number of population and using a test used for data collection. The number of the samples is two classes from two government colleges in Bogor, West Java. The result of the research shows that; 1). There is a significant effect of intelligence quotient and critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Fobserved = 130.848. Both independent variables had given a contribution of 84.8% to the students’ speaking skill. 2). There is significant effect of intelligence quotient towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Tobserved = 4.884. 3). There is a significant effect of the critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Tobserved = 4.382.</p><p><strong>Key Words: </strong>Intelligence Quotient; Critical Thinking; Speaking Skill.</p>

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 4 No. 4 November 2021

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published at November 2021. Starting from this volume, Borneo J Pharm increases the frequency of publishing four times a year. This change aims to improve circulation of the best articles published by Borneo J Pharm. This edition contains ten articles consisting of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from six countries including India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Turkey. The authors come from several institutions, including the University of Jaffna, Shri Gopichand College of Pharmacy, Government College University Faisalabad, Galgotias University, University of Delhi, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Ege Üniversitesi, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, Ganapathy Degree College, National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia, National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia in Gorontalo, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, and Ibrahim Adjie Health Center. Editorial boards are fully aware that there are still room for improvement in this edition, hence with all humility willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, could re-participate for the publication in the next edition on February 2022. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Plants Used for Ethno-veterinary Practices by Tribes of Kambakkam of Eastern Ghats

The study reports the surveyed of medicinal plants used by of village Tribe people of Kambakkam Forest (Easternghats), Andhra Pradesh in ethno-veterinary practices. During this study information about the ethno-veterinary plants were collected and preserved as herbarium specimens by follows the standard procedure. The plants were identified with help of some standard Floras. The specimens were deposited in the herbarium of Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Loganatha Narayanasamy Government College, Ponneri, Thiruvallur District. During the survey it was noted 23 plants were traditionally used by various animal diseases such as Inflammation, wound healing, indigestion, dysentery, fever, swelling, bone fracture, diarrhea, cold, cough, pneumonia, constipation, antimicrobial and milk yielding properties. The information provided in this study would bring new medicine development of ecofriedly, effective medicines to control human diseases in the future perspective. This study may be useful to protect and conserve the medicinal plants of Kambakkam Forest.

Homoeopathic medical education in Maharashtra: growth and challenges

The growth of homoeopathy medical colleges in Maharashtra state has been very rapid post-1985. This has resulted in the state’s having the largest number of homoeopathy colleges in the country. However, not even a single government college of homoeopathy exists in the state, creating a significant gap in the health services system. It is in this context that the pattern and growth of homoeopathy medical education in the state and the contribution of government policies towards their growth is examined in this article. Government policies have facilitated the growth of homoeopathy colleges exclusively in the private sector. This growth is rapid, driven by commercial interest and does not match professional opportunities. The article raises some of the key problems of homoeopathy medical education in the state and calls for efforts towards the improvement of the medical system.

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 4 No. 2 May 2021

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published in May 2021. Starting from this volume, Borneo J Pharm increases the frequency of publishing four times a year. This change aims to improve the circulation of the best articles published by Borneo J Pharm. This edition contains ten articles consisting of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmaceutical, Microbiology Pharmacy, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from seven countries including Indonesia, India, Pakistan, Iran, Nepal, Uganda, and Nigeria. The authors come from several institutions, including Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Lestari, Bandung Institute of Technology, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin, Shri Gopichand College of Pharmacy, Government College University Faisalabad, Islamic Azad University, Sardar Patel College of Pharmacy, Universal College of Medical Sciences, NKBR College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Universitas Islam Bandung, Oxford College of Pharmacy, ATMS Group of Institutions, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Kampala International University, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, University Institute of Pharma Sciences Chandigarh University, and Laureate Institute of Pharmacy. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors of the articles, could re-participate for publication in the next edition in August 2021. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Prevalence of Hamstring Tightness Due to Prolonged Sitting Among Administrative Staff of Government College University, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Ofce Faisalabad

Hamstring muscle (HMS) tightness is known as the impotence of full knee extension while the hip is flexed which creates discomfort or pain along hip to knee in posterior compartment of thigh. The aim of this study is to evaluate thep r e v a l e n c e o f H M S t i g h t n e s s a m o n g administrative staff due to prolonged sitting. Objective: To evaluate the HMS tightness due to prolonged sitting among administrative staff. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 274 participants from administrative staff of Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Faisalabad (Fsd). To measure the poplitealangle, Active Knee Extension Test (AKE) was performed. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 17. Results: This study showed that out of 274 participants 152 subjects showed hamstring tightness with prevalence of 55.5%. As the age advances, the HMS tightness also increases. Conclusions: The present study shows that almost more than half participants from administrative staff of GCUF, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Fsd have HMS tightness.

Dietary Habits, Perceptions and Barriers Among Government and Private College Intermediate Students in Karachi: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Objective: To determine differences in eating practices, perceptions, and perceived barriers among intermediate students of government and private sectors in Karachi. Study design and setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six intermediate colleges of Karachi from October to December 2018. Methodology: Total N=390 students aged 16-24 years were selected via non-probability convenience sampling. The study team developed a questionnaire to assess the dietary habits and barriers among the students. Results: Mean BMI of government college students was 20.41 ± 4.15 kg/m2 while that of private college students was 22.25 ± 5.43 kg/m2. The proportion of underweight participants was higher (36.8%) in government college students, and overweight students being higher in private (23.8%). Similar responses were recorded for daily meals and weekly fastfood and fruit consumption. Skipping meals was found out to be a common practice among students. Breakfast was most commonly skipped meal among both groups (23.9% & 39.2%, respectively). Watching television during meals was common in both groups (58.7% & 67.7% respectively). The majority of the students from both groups did not familiar with the term body mass index BMI (84.6% & 82.5%, respectively). Smoking was more common among the private sector, 16.9%, compared to 3.5 % of the government sector. Fruit juice was considered a healthier option (58.7% & 52.9%, respectively). Similarly, white bread against bran bread was perceived healthier by the majority in both groups (70.1% & 59.3%, respectively). Carbohydrate was reported as a major nutrient in the diet by (51.7% & 57.1% respectively). Factors like educational stress, time, will-power to maintain the diet, availability of junk food, and climate were some of the significant influencers of diet/lifestyle recorded. Conclusion: Students from both groups shared similar eating and lifestyle practices irrespective of their educational institutes’ status.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Body Fluids Using RT-PCR – An Autopsy Based Study

World is in mid of dreaded pandemic – Covid-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. To curb it tremendous efforts has been put worldwide to enhance scientific knowledge related to SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we collected postmortem samples of tracheal swab, vitreous humor, pleural fluid, CSF and pericardial fluid by conducting complete autopsy on 24 patients with known SARS-CoV-2 infection at department of forensic medicine, P.D.U. Government College, Rajkot (India). RT-PCR was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 from these samples. SARS-CoV-2 was detected from tracheal swab in 54.55% cases and from pleural fluid in 13.34% cases. SARS-CoV-2 wasn’t detected from any sample of CSF, vitreous humor and pericardial fluid. Positive and negative cases for postmortem tracheal swabs were analyzed to find out of its relationship with duration of Covid-19 illness. No significant relationship was found between detectability of SARS-CoV-2 in postmortem samples of tracheal swab and duration of Covid-19 illness.

Description and Classification of Balti Consonant Stop Sounds

The study aims to describe and classify consonant stop sounds of the Balti language, which is spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. In order to describe and classify these sounds, 120 words were selected from literature written in the Balti language. A purposive sample of 20 Balti speakers from 16 to 35 years of age, who were studying in various degree programs at Government College for Boys, Model Town, Lahore and University of Management and Technology, Lahore, was selected to record possible Balti consonant stop sounds. The physical features of each consonant stop sound were carried through the software package for speech analysis in phonetics. The study reveals that there are 15 consonant stop sounds in the Balti language. The study helps document the Balti language, which follows mostly a verbal tradition like many other languages of the region.