Issues Related to Network Security Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of communication devices or nodes that wish to communicate without any fixed infrastructure. The nodes in MANET themselves are responsible for dynamically discovering other nodes to communicate. A number of challenges like open peer-to-peer network architecture, stringent resource constraints, shared wireless medium, dynamic network topology etc. are posed in MANET. In this research, we identify the existent security threats an ad hoc network faces, the security services required to be achieved and the countermeasures for attacks in each layer. To accomplish our goal, we have done literature survey in gathering information related to various types of attacks and solutions, as well as we have made comparative study to address the threats in different layers. Finally, we have identified the challenges and proposed solutions to overcome them. There is no general algorithm that suits well against the most commonly known attacks such as wormhole, rushing attack, etc.

Collaborative Mobile Learning

Mobile learning (ML) fosters engaging personalized learning where students can optimize their understanding and learning gratification via wireless mobile devices. Although there are studies conducted on the research trends on ML, not much studies were conducted on the cutting-edge researches pertaining to Collaborative ML. Collaborative ML is significant because it promotes active learning and cooperative skills. This paper aims to analyze the state-of-the-art research conducted in the span of five years for identifying the trends and focuses in Collaborative ML. The systematic literature review is conducted based on Knowledge Discovery Database model capitalizing data mining as the main research methodology. Findings were based on top ten Impact Factor Journals on Educational Technology indexed in the ISI Web of Knowledge. The SLR discovered ten main areas that were discussed pertaining to Collaborative ML which are Motivation, Students' Acceptance, Pedagogy, Assessment, Tools, Social Networking, Gaming, Knowledge Sharing, Special Needs and Communications.

Unattended Sensors in Marine Environments

This chapter discusses the use of unattended sensors and its use in marine environment. The authors present challenges of designing a marine sensor in harsh environments and a case study in implementing a marine sensor to study hypoxia. Hypoxia is a world-wide anthropogenic phenomenon related to pollution. The authors describe the construction of an inexpensive sensor buoy system, Oxybuoy, designed for long-term unattended oxygen sensor measurements. The technology is available to construct such sensor buoys. The authors showed a prototype based on commercial off-the shelf components: an embedded PC, an optical dissolved oxygen sensor, a temperature sensor, a Wi-Fi transmitter and a satellite transmitter. Its total cost is around $5,000 to construct, program and test a proof of concept of such sensor. The authors describe the buoy's architectural design and three experiments that the authors carried out to demonstrate its viability.

The Trend of Mobile Malwares and Effective Detection Techniques

The usefulness of mobile phones nowadays has gone beyond making calls and sending text messages. In fact, most of applications available on desktop computer are presently easily accessible on mobile devices, especially smartphone based on Androids, iOS, and Windows phone platforms. However, at the same time, malware is increasingly becoming pervasive on a mobile platform for financial, social and political exploitation. This chapter examines the trends of mobile malware and different efforts of anti-malware writers and researchers in addressing mobile malware on smartphones.

Managing Students' Attendance using NFC-Enabled Mobile Phones

Attendance management for educational institutions is very important; it gives clear picture of students who regularly attend classes. Participating in academic activities such as lectures, laboratory experiments by students affects their academic performance. However, the conventional way of attendance registration is time consuming and prone to proxy attendance. The process involves the lecturer passing a paper to the students in a class to write their names and sign, or find their names in the paper to sign along their names. Several technologies like Biometric, RFID, NFC, etc can be used to simplify and improve the attendance system, since user identification is the most important aspect that needs to be handled cautiously in this type of applications. In this work we propose a smart attendance system using NFC that will simplify the attendance process, by simply touching a poster or the lecturer's NFC based mobile device in the class.

Social and Technical Perspective of Individual's Intention to Purchase Mobile Application

Mobile application industry has boomed tremendously since it was first introduced in 2007 which has gain practitioners' and researchers' attention. There are substantial numbers of researches on mobile applications that have contributed to business development. This research is aimed at investigating the factors influencing individuals' purchase of mobile application. An exploratory study has been conducted to gain understanding of Malaysian's perspective on mobile application purchase intention. Unstructured interviews were conducted among 19 research participants randomly selected from different background. The results show that perceived usefulness, facilitating condition, perceived value, perceived enjoyment, perceived fee, electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), application design in terms of features and visual, trust, security, privacy, device compatibility and device consumption in terms of power and memory relate to individual's intention to purchase mobile application.

Mobile Water Meter System in Android Environment

Water meter reader is an essential tool for water company, which is responsible for the distribution of clean water to the public and monitor its customer's water consumption. Theoretically water meter should collect water consumption data in accurate and accountable manners. The problem is, in practice, sometimes the record is inaccurate and makes the customers feel uncertain of the water bill that they have to pay. Several factors contributed to this problem, including the officers made mistake in recording the number from water meter or sometimes the officer did not visit the customers and reporting based on the estimation of the water consumption. This chapter proposed a framework to record the water meter data by capturing images in a small mobile device. A prototype, as a proof of concept, of water meter mobile apps was developed to allow the water meter data to read and collected easily to make the billing processed in a more accurate manner but less hassle.

System Usability Scale Implementation for Interfaces on Mobile Touch Screen Devices Assessment

The indisputable fact is that touch screen mobile devices flooded the marketplace and that they have become an essential element in the enormous number of fields and applications. But a huge presence, as well as daily use, does not necessarily unambiguously reflect their optimal usability. Therefore, it is essential to adopt appropriate research methodologies that can evaluate the usability of mobile device interfaces. The main focus of the study was to examine a practical tool for usability assessment in a mobile work context which has to be simple and above all, proved to give a single score as its outcome. To achieve this goal System Usability Scale (SUS) was applied to test the Tablet PC usability. This study contributed with the proposal of a framework for usability testing which could help, both practitioners and researchers to make decisions how to improve the usability of interfaces on touch screen mobile devices.

Design of a Hospital Interactive Wayfinding System

United Nations reported the importance of wayfindng as part of providing sustainable and beneficial accessibility to the public in built environment such as a hospital. Despite this, the survey conducted in this study found that current wayfinding system in hospitals does not meet the requirements of the Malaysian demography which is multilingual and multicultural. Furthermore, the various literacy levels in this country make the design more challenging. The objective of this study is to design, develop and test a hospital interactive wayfinding system (HIWS) that is targeted towards the West Malaysian population. Using the established symbols that has been validated by other studies and from the survey feedback obtained, the HIWS was designed and developed and tested with 24 Malaysian users using the lab based user experience testing. Although the results seems promising whereby 83% of users liked the system, the qualitative feedback revealed various improvements to the system, that would be valuable to the design and development team to improve HIWS.

A Usable Mobile Islamic Calendar for Elderly Users

Calendar is a tool that tells us a date. While Gregorian calendars have been used worldwide, Hijrah calendar becomes a choice for Muslims. This Islamic calendar helps tells a user a date in Islam. Our previous study suggested that the Muslim elderly preferred to have Islamic mobile calendar. Despite abundance of Islamic mobile calendar applications, little was known whether any of them were usable for the elderly users. This study recommends a usable design of an Islamic mobile calendar for Muslim elderly users. To do this, a user test with five elderly participants was carried out and two existing Islamic calendars were used as probes. Later, two interfaces were produced and tested with our elderly participants. Based on the results and design principles, the interfaces of the Islamic mobile calendar have further been improved.