EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT GASTRITIS PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RS GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2020

Gastritis is a disease caused by the bacterium Helicobacter phylory, this first gastritis drug, namely Antacids, Omeprazole, and Ranitidine. The increasing number of Gastritis patients from 2019 to 2020 at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital is encouraging researchers to conduct this study. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the use of Gastritis drugs and the rationality of the use of Gastritis medications in Gastritis patients at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital in 2019. This study was a descriptive (non-experimental) study with retrospective data collection taken from patient medical records. Gastritis at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. Data were collected using a purposive sampling technique in accordance with the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria using the Data Collection Sheet. The number of samples used in this study were 64 medical records of patients diagnosed with gastritis. Data analysis was performed using Univariat with the help of SPSS. Results of distribution of duration of treatment data for which most patients undergo treatment. And the number of Chronic Diseases suffered by Diarrhea patients is 20 patients (31.2%). All three have a significant relationship with patient care outcomes. While in the age range 31-60 years, 45 people (70.3%) affected by gastritis. and The results of evaluating the rationality of treatment for gastritis are the right indications (96.9%), (62 patients), 100% correct patients (64 patients), the right medication by (96.9%) (62 patients), and the correct dosage 100% correct (64).

FORMULASI EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) SEBAGAI MASKER GEL PEEL OFF

Pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) adalah tanaman yang mengandung alkaloid kimia, flavonoid, tanin, dan polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah daun pandan wangi dapat diformulasikan sebagai masker gel peel of untuk melembabkan kulit. Ekstrak daun pandan wangi dibuat dalam konsentrasi 0% (blanko), 2,5%, dan 5% yang dibuat dalam sediaan 30 gram. Uji yang dilakukanmeliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, persiapan waktu kering, dan kelembapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pandan wangi dapat dibuat sebagai bentuk masker gel dan memenuhi evaluasi fisik bentuk. Hasil tes homogenitas menunjukkan sediaan homogen, pH dalam kisaran 6.0 yang relatif aman pada permukaan kulit wajah. Waktu persiapan mengering selama 30 menit dan memenuhi persyaratan waktu pengeringan. Kemampuan untuk melembabkan kulit lebih besar dengan meningkatkan konsentrasi ekstrak yang ditambahkan. Kemampuan rata-rata tertinggi untuk melembabkan kulit adalah 39,0%. dalam tes kelembaban konsentrasinya adalah 5% ekstrak daun harum pandan karena kulit masker gel pelembab alami sangat baik. Kesimpulannya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pandan wangi dapat diformulasikan menjadi masker gel peel off yang memiliki kemampuan melembabkan kulit.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TALAS (Colococasia Esculenta L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli

Salah satu tanaman yang sering dijadikan obat adalah daun Talas (Colocasia esculanta L.). Daun talas memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin dan tannin yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Eschericia coli adalah salah satu jenis bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada pencernaan. Salah satu tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri daun talas dengan konsentrasi yang paling efektif dalam menghambat bakteri Eschericia coli. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental murni. Daun talas aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 variasi konsentrasi yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada aktivitas antibakteri pada setiap konsentrasi. Kesimpulan pemberian aktivitas daun talas dengan konsentrasi 15%, 25%, dan 35% memberikan daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri paling efektif dengan kosentrasi 25%, 35% yang termasuk dalam kategori kuat. Saran diharapkan kepada peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan uji terhadap bakteri lain dan membuat formulasi dari ekstrak daun talas.

DIAGNOSA VIBRIO CHOLERAE DENGAN METODE KULTUR DAN PCR PADA SAMPEL SUMBER AIR MINUM

Acute diarrhea due to infection can be caused by a bacterial, viral or parasitic infection. One of the bacteria that causes diarrhea is Vibrio cholerae and usually the diarrhea caused is called cholera diarrhea. Cholera diarrhea is caused by enterotoxins produced by V. cholerae bacteria and forms colonies inside the small intestine. Symptoms include vomiting, defecation such as large amounts of rice water resulting in dehydration, electrolyte loss and increased blood acidity. In severe cases, the sufferer continuously defecates accompanied by vomiting, so that the sufferer will lose fluids and electrolytes quickly from the gastrointestinal tract. This leads to a rationing of metabolic acidity and when left untreated can lead to death. V. cholerae bacteria are not invasive, do not enter the bloodstream but remain in the intestinal tract. At the time of infection through contaminated food and beverages ingested, then after passing through the stomach acid defense V. cholerae produces two virulence factors that cause cholera, namely coregulated pilus toxin (TCP) and cholera toxin (CT). The existence of specific enterotoxin cholera only found in V. cholerae pathogens can be targeted in laboratory tests for the diagnosis of pathogenic V. cholerae bacteria using biomolecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. From the results of the examination of drinking water samples at the drinking water depot around the bottom of the pakam, obtained the results of the PCR examination confirmed by electrophorensis is 302 bp, which means that in the sample there are bacteria that are identic with Vibrio cholera.

KARAKTERISASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER BAKTERI PENGHASIL ENZIM PROTEASE DARI TEMPE YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN DI PASAR LUBUK PAKAM

Protease enzyme is an enzyme that is important in protein breakdown. Animals, plants as well as microorganisms such as bacteria can produce this protease enzyme. In its application protease enzymes can be used in the pharmaceutical industry, detergent industry, skin products as well as food products. Tempe is one of the traditional food products that have been known for a long time, tempeh is made from soybean seeds fermented by mushrooms. Molecular identification can use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, PCR is the process of multiplying a certain nucleotide sequence using enzymatic processes in vitro. The presence of protein content in tempeh can be possible the presence of bacteria that can break down proteins in the tempeh, especially tempeh that has been fermented about 48-72 hours. Based on the results of characterization and identification of 5 isolates of tempeh post-fermentation 72 hours, positive results of protease enzymes found in isolate TPLP-1, TPLP-2 and TPLP-5, with the largest zone diameter in isolate TPLP-2 50 mm, then isolate with the highest protease enzyme activity isolate TPLP-2 molecularly identified by identifying the gene 16S rRNA which is subsequently included in the BLAST program and obtained by isolate TPLP-2 identified as Pseudomons stuastzeri.

ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA FENOLIK DARI ALANG -ALANG (IMPERATA CYLINDRICA)

Phytochemical screening test proved that the extract of Reeds (Imperata cylindrica) contained phenolic compounds tested using 5% FeCl3 reagent. Antibacterial test using agar diffusion method against Reeds extract in DMSO solvent. The phenolic compounds obtained from the saputangan leaves Reeds extract were 36.96 grams after undergoing maceration. Reeds extract of phenolic compounds with concentrations (200; 100; 50 and 25 ppm) had strength antibacterial where the average inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was 10.0 mm and the average inhibition zone was at Escherichia coli bacteria measuring 10.3 mm.

EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT ASAM URAT DAN POLA PERESEPANNYA PADA PASIEN GOUT ARTRITIS DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP DI RSUD DELI SERDANG LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2020

Uric acid is a disease that arises due to excess purine in the body caused by uric crystals in the joint tissue that attacks the fingers, elbows, knees, toes, toes and heels. Gouty arthritis is a progressive disease caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals (MSU) found in the joints, kidneys, and other connective tissue due to chronic hyperuricemia. The incidence of gouty arthritis is common in men as many as 25 patients (65.8%) and women as many as 13 patients (34.2%). The incidence of gouty arthritis continues to increase with age, at the age of 21-35 years (7.9%), ages 36-55 years (36.7%), age 56-65 years (28.9%), and at the age of 66 -75 years (26.3%). The purpose of this study was to examine the use of uric acid and its prescription patterns in arthritis patients in Deli Serdang Lubuk Pakam Hospital in 2020 in terms of the right parameters according to the indications, the right patients, the right drugs, and the right dosages. This research is a non-experimental study, data retrospective retrieval was done by looking at the medical record data of arthritis gout patients and analyzed descriptively. Sampling as many as 38 patients with puposive sampling method. Inclusion criteria in this study were patients who were diagnosed with gout and given arthritis medication with complete medical record data. The results of the study evaluated the use of gout and its prescribing patterns in 38 patients at Deli Serdang Lubuk Pakam Regional Hospital in 2020, which were 100% correct, 100% right, 100% right, and 96% right.

IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 PADA FESES PENDERITA DIARE DENGAN METODE KULTUR DAN PCR

Escherichia coli O157: H7 is the main cause of foodborne disease in several countries, one of which is diarrhea. Diarrheal disease is still a major problem in Indonesia that needs treatment and study from various aspects. The conventional method of laboratory examination such as culture is a method that is often carried out, but in making the diagnosis requires a long time, the number of samples is large, and the results are less accurate because contamination can occur. Another more accurate technique for detecting Escherichia coli O157: H7 is the PCR technique. This study aims to identify the Escherichia coli O157: H7 bacteria by culture method and PCR. The results showed that the culture method and PCR of 8 isolated samples 4 showed positive results for the bacterium Escherichia coli O157: H7. However, the PCR method is more selective and faster than the culture method.

DRP EVALUASI DRUNG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPs) ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA RAWAT INAP ANAK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH DELI SERDANG

Background: Infection is one of the top ten diseases in Indonesia, so that antibiotic therapy is quite high. The increasing use of antibiotics may lead to an increase in the use of irrational antibiotics. Drug Related Problems (DRPs) are events that are not expected from the patient's experience or are suspected to be due to drug therapy so that they have the potential to interfere with the desired healing success. Objective: This study aims to determine the number of occurrences of DRPs which include dosage inaccuracy, namely under and over dose, indication without drug, drug without indication, potential interactions and inaccuracy of drug selection in inpatient pneumonia treatment for children at the Deli Serdang Regional public hospital. In 2019 Method: This study is retrospective in which data is obtained through secondary data in the form of patient medical records for the period January-December 2019 with a cross-sectional study design. The data collection technique was in the form of total sampling, obtained 50 samples that fit the inclusion criteria. Results: Drung Related Problems (DRPs) research that occurred in the under-dose category of drugs (4.0%), and excessive drug doses (2.0%) and no DRPs (94.0%). This shows that the role of pharmacists is important in monitoring patient drug therapy to minimize the occurrence of DRPs.

EFEKTIVITAS KERASIONALAN PEMBERIAN ANTIDIABETIK PENGOBATAN ORAL PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS PADA USIA 30-50 TAHUN TIPE 2 DI RAWAT INAP PENYAKIT DALAM RSUD DELI SERDANG LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2020

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition, which occurs because the body cannot produce insulin, normally or insulin cannot work effectively. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the rational administration of antidiabetic, oral treatment of diabetes mellitus patients at the age of 30-50 years type 2 in Deli Serdang Hospital, lubuk pakam in 2020. Method: This study is a non-experimental type of research using descriptive methods. Results: Shows that from 72 samples of Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients at Deli Serdang General Hospital, April-July Period 2020. With the number (52.8%) of male sex patients and the number (47.2%) of type patients female genitalia and antidiabetic drugs most widely used by patients, in the period of April-July 2020, namely (20.8%) glycionion + metformin and (20.8%) insulin drugs. the use of DM drugs with the right rational indication (65.3%), Rational with the right medicine (100%), rational with the right dosage (100%), the right rational patient (100%) and the rational way of administration (100:%). Conclusion: Evaluation of drug use is a structured quality assurance process that is carried out continuously to ensure that the drugs used are appropriate, safe, and efficient.