scholarly journals Association of Mental Disorders in Early Adulthood and Later Psychiatric Hospital Admissions and Mortality in a Cohort Study of More Than 1 Million Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharine R. Gale ◽  
G. David Batty ◽  
David P. J. Osborn ◽  
Per Tynelius ◽  
Elise Whitley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Early Adulthood

scholarly journals Valproate v. lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder in clinical practice: observational nationwide register-based cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Vedel Kessing ◽  
Gunnar Hellmund ◽  
John R. Geddes ◽  
Guy M. Goodwin ◽  
Per Kragh Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Observational Cohort

BackgroundValproate is one of the most used mood stabilisers for bipolar disorder, although the evidence for the effectiveness of valproate is sparse.AimsTo compare the effect of valproate v. lithium for treatment of bipolar disorder in clinical practice.MethodAn observational cohort study with linkage of nationwide registers of all people with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder in psychiatric hospital settings who were prescribed valproate or lithium in Denmark during a period from 1995 to 2006.ResultsA total of 4268 participants were included among whom 719 received valproate and 3549 received lithium subsequent to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. The rate of switch/add on to the opposite drug (lithium or valproate), antidepressants, antipsychotics or anticonvulsants (other than valproate) was increased for valproate compared with lithium (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.86, 95% CI 1.59–2.16). The rate of psychiatric hospital admissions was increased for valproate v. lithium (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.18–1.48) and regardless of the type of episode leading to a hospital admission (depressive or manic/mixed). Similarly, for participants with a depressive index episode (HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.40–2.48), a manic index episode (HR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.01–1.51) and a mixed index episode (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.04–2.01), the overall rate of hospital admissions was significantly increased for valproate compared with lithium.ConclusionsIn daily clinical practice, treatment with lithium seems in general to be superior to treatment with valproate.

scholarly journals Mental disorders in new parents before and after birth: a population-based cohort study

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenglian Xu ◽  
Elizabeth Sullivan ◽  
Colin Binns ◽  
Caroline S. E. Homer
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
First Year ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mental Disorder Diagnosis

BackgroundMental disorders of women during the postnatal period are a major public health problem. Compared with women's mental disorders, much less attention has been paid to men's mental disorders in the perinatal period. To date, there have been no reports in the literature describing secular changes of both maternal and paternal hospital admissions for mental disorders over the period covering the year before pregnancy (non-parents), during pregnancy (expectant parents) and up to the first year after birth (parents) based on linked parental data. The co-occurrences of couples' hospital admissions for mental disorders have not previously been investigated.AimsTo describe maternal and paternal hospital admissions for mental disorders before and after birth. To compare the co-occurrences of parents' hospital admissions for mental disorder in the perinatal period.MethodThis is a cohort study using paired parents' population data from the New South Wales (NSW) Perinatal Data Collection (PDC), Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages (RBDM) and Admitted Patients Data Collection (APDC). The study included all parents (n=196 669 couples) who gave birth to their first child in NSW between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2009.ResultsThe hospital admission rate for women with a principal mental disorder diagnosis in the period between the year before pregnancy and the first year after birth was significantly higher than that for men. Parents' mental disorders influenced each other. If a man was admitted to hospital with a principal mental disorder diagnosis, his wife or partner was more likely to be admitted to hospital with a principal mental disorder diagnosis compared with women whose partner had not had a hospital admission, andvice versa.ConclusionsMothers' mental disorders after birth increased more significantly than fathers. However, fathers' mental disorders significantly impacted the co-occurrence of mothers' mental disorders.

scholarly journals Five-Minute Apgar Score and the Risk of Mental Disorders During the First Four Decades of Life: A Nationwide Registry-Based Cohort Study in Denmark

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua He ◽  
Yongfu Yu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Carsten Lyng Obel ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Score Range

Objectives:The associations of long-term risks of the full spectrum of mental disorders with clinically reassuring but suboptimal score range 7–9 remain unclear. This study investigated these associations during up to 38 years of follow-up.Methods:In a nationwide cohort study of 2,213,822 singletons born in Denmark during 1978–2015, we used cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of mental disorders with a 95% CI.Results:A total of 3,00,679 (13.6%) individuals were diagnosed with mental disorders. The associations between suboptimal Apgar score 7–9 and mental disorders differed by attained age. In childhood (≤ 18 years), declining Apgar scores were associated with increased risks of overall mental disorders with HRs (95% CI) of 1.13(1.11-1.15), 1.34 (1.27–1.41), and 1.48 (1.31–1.67) for Apgar scores of 7–9, 4–6, and 1–3, respectively, compared with a score of 10. A dose-response association was seen even within the score range from 9 to 7 (HR 1.11 [95% CI: 1.08–1.13], 1.14 [1.10–1.18], and 1.20 [1.14–1.27], respectively). Of note, individuals with scores of 7–9 had increased risks of organic disorders (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05–1.53), neurotic disorders (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11), and a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability (1.87, 1.76–1.98), childhood autism (1.13, 1.05–1.22) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1.10, 1.06–1.15). In early adulthood (19–39 years), suboptimal Apgar scores 7–9 were not associated with the risks of overall and specific mental disorders.Conclusion:Infants born with clinically reassuring but suboptimal 5-min scores 7–9 are at increased risks of a wide spectrum of mental disorders in childhood.

Full compliance with Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis was associated with fewer respiratory‐related hospital admissions in preterm children: A cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloise Torchin ◽  
Marie‐Laure Charkaluk ◽  
Jessica Rousseau ◽  
Laetitia Marchand‐Martin ◽  
Ludovic Treluyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Young adult cancer risk behaviours originate in adolescence: a longitudinal analysis using ALSPAC, a UK birth cohort study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Wright ◽  
Jon Heron ◽  
Ruth Kipping ◽  
Matthew Hickman ◽  
Rona Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Harmful Drinking ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Adolescent Cancer

Abstract Background An estimated 40% of cancer cases in the UK in 2015 were attributable to cancer risk behaviours. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and unprotected sexual intercourse are known causes of cancer and there is strong evidence that physical inactivity is associated with cancer. These cancer risk behaviours co-occur however little is known about how they pattern longitudinally across adolescence and early adulthood. Using data from ALSPAC, a prospective population-based UK birth cohort study, we explored patterns of adolescent cancer risk behaviours and their associations with cancer risk behaviours in early adulthood. Methods Six thousand three hundred fifty-one people (46.0% of ALSPAC participants) provided data on all cancer risk behaviours at one time during adolescence, 1951 provided data on all cancer risk behaviours at all time points. Our exposure measure was quartiles of a continuous score summarising cumulative exposure to cancer risk behaviours and longitudinal latent classes summarising distinct categories of adolescents exhibiting similar patterns of behaviours, between age 11 and 18 years. Using both exposure measures, odds of harmful drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C ≥ 8),daily tobacco smoking, nicotine dependence (Fagerström test ≥4), obesity (BMI ≥30), high waist circumference (females: ≥80 cm and males: ≥94 cm, and high waist-hip ratio (females: ≥0.85 and males: ≥1.00) at age 24 were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Results We found distinct groups of adolescents characterised by consistently high and consistently low engagement in cancer risk behaviours. After adjustment, adolescents in the top quartile had greater odds of all outcomes in early adulthood: nicotine dependency (odds ratio, OR = 5.37, 95% confidence interval, CI = 3.64–7.93); daily smoking (OR = 5.10, 95% CI =3.19–8.17); obesity (OR = 4.84, 95% CI = 3.33–7.03); high waist circumference (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.94–3.16); harmful drinking (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.57–2.65); and high waist-hip ratio (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.30–2.71), compared to the bottom quartile. In latent class analysis, adolescents characterised by consistently high-risk behaviours throughout adolescence were at higher risk of all cancer risk behaviours at age 24, except harmful drinking. Conclusions Exposure to adolescent cancer risk behaviours greatly increased the odds of cancer risk behaviours in early adulthood. Interventions to reduce these behaviours should target multiple rather than single risk behaviours and should focus on adolescence.

scholarly journals Association between early working life patterns, in publicly and privately owned companies, and the course of future sickness absence due to mental disorders: a cohort study in Catalonia (Spain)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e040480
Author(s):  
Amaya Ayala-Garcia ◽  
Laura Serra ◽  
Monica Ubalde-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Permanent Employment ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between early working life patterns, at privately and publicly held companies, and the course of sickness absence (SA) due to mental disorders.MethodsCohort study of workers aged 18–28 years, affiliated with the Spanish social security system, living in Catalonia, who had at least one episode of SA due to mental disorders between 2012 and 2014. Individual prior working life trajectories were reconstructed through sequence analysis. Optimal matching analysis was performed to identify early working life patterns by clustering similar individual trajectories. SA trajectories were identified using latent class growth modelling analysis. Finally, the relationship between early working life patterns and subsequent SA trajectories was assessed via multinomial logistic regression models.ResultsAmong both men and women, four labour market participation (LMP) patterns were identified: stable permanent employment (reference group), increasing permanent employment, fluctuating employment and delayed employment. Among women, an increasing permanent employment pattern in early working life was related to a decrease of accumulated SA days over time (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.08; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.66). In men, we observed a trend towards a middle stable accumulation of SA days in those with fluctuating employment (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 0.57 to 2.74) or delayed employment (aOR 1.79; 95% CI 0.59 to 5.41). In both men and women, an early working life in big companies was related to a more favourable SA trajectory.ConclusionsEarly LMP patterns characterised by an increasing stability—decreased number of transitions between temporary contracts and lack of social security coverage towards permanent contracts—were related to a better future SA course due to mental diagnosis.

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