Mortality in the Western Pyrenees during the 18th century. Data from the parish register of the village of Arudy (1741–1800), Bearn, France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean‐Pierre Dugène ◽  
Frédéric Bauduer
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
Western Pyrenees

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE FORMER KETSKAYA VOLOST

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Sitnikova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rural Architecture ◽  
The Village ◽  
Rich History

The article considers the historical and cultural heritage of villages of the former Ketskaya volost, which is currently a part of the Tomsk region. The formation of Ketsky prison and the architecture of large settlements of the former Ketskaya volost are studied. Little is known about the historical and cultural heritage of villages of the Tomsk region and the problems of preserving historical settlements of the country.The aim of this work is to study the formation and development of the village architecture of the former Ketskaya volost, currently included in the Tomsk region.The following scientific methods are used: a critical analysis of the literature, comparative architectural analysis and systems analysis of information, creative synthesis of the findings. The obtained results can be used in preparation of lectures, reports and communication on the history of the Siberian architecture.The scientific novelty is a study of the historical and cultural heritage of large settlements of the former Ketskaya volost, which has not been studied and published before. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study is theoretical works of historians and architects regarding the issue under study as well as the previous  author’s work in the field.It is found that the historical and cultural heritage of the villages of the former Ketskaya volost has a rich history. Old historical buildings, including religious ones are preserved in villages of Togur and Novoilinka. The urban planning of the villages reflects the design and construction principles of the 18th century. The rich natural environment gives this area a special touch. 

scholarly journals Mordva-Murza from Bashkiria: The History of Formation and Ethno-cultural Features of Ethnic-Class Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Ranus R. Sadikov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
History Of Formation ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Class Community

Introduction. One of the regions of compact settlement of the Mordovian people is the Republic of Bashkortostan. The Mordovian population of the region was formed during the resettlement migration process of the ethnic groups to the Bashkir lands in the 17th and early 20th centuries. There is a small stand-out group of Mordva-Erzya in Bashkiria. They call themselves Murza and they have their own identity. They live in the village of Kozhay-Andreevo in the Tuimazinskiy district and in the village of Kozhay-Maximovo in the Ermekeevskiy district. Materials and Methods. This work attempts to reconstruct the history of formation of the class community of Mordva-Murza and to identify its ethno-cultural features. The study is based on the principle of historicism; the main methods are historical-genetic, comparative-historical, and problematic-chronological. Results. Based on the study of published sources and literature, it is shown the chronology and the main stages of the formation of the Mordva-Murza community in Bashkiria. It was revealed, this community was formed on the basis of a resettlement group of the Mordovian sluzhilye-served people in the 18th century. Field ethnographic materials testify to their ethno-cultural identity. Discussion and Conclusion. Mordva living in the villages under consideration can be defined as a separate ethnic-class community, which has its own identity, self-name, specific linguistic and ethno-cultural characteristics. In their language and culture, it is interweaved both Erzya and Moksha traits. Almost disintegrated in the 1980s the community of the “Kazhay Murzas” began to revive in the year of 2000. The observations show the desire of the inhabitants and natives from these villages to preserve and develop their “Murza language” and traditions.

scholarly journals Siberian Tatars of Knyazevs: historical and genealogical essay

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
S.N. Korusenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Village

This paper aims at reconstructing the genealogy of Siberian Tatars of Knyazevs (Western Siberia), identifying the origins of their surname, which is not characteristic of the Tatars, and at analysis of the influence of socio-political and socio-economical processes in Russia in the 18th through 20th centuries on the social transformation of the family. The sources were represented by the materials of the Inventory Revision Book of Tarsky District of 1701 and census surveys of the end of 18th through 19th centuries, which allowed tracing the Knyazev family through the genealogical succession and identifying social status of its members. In this work, recordkeeping ma-terials of the 18th–20th centuries and contemporary genealogical and historical traditions of the Tatars have been utilized. In the research, the method of genealogical reconstructions by archival materials and their correlation with genealogies of modern population has been used. The history of the Knyazev family is inextricably linked to the history of modern village of Bernyazhka — one of the earliest settlements of the Ayalintsy (a group of the Si-berian Tatars) in the territory of the Tarsky Irtysh land which became the home to the Knyazevs for more than three centuries. The 1701Inventory Revision Book cites Itkuchuk Buchkakov as a local power broker of the Aya-lynsky Tatars in the village. During the 18th century, this position was inherited by his descendants who eventually lost this status in the beginning of the 19th century in the course of the managerial reforms by the Russian gov-ernment. Nevertheless, the social status of the members of the gens remained high. In the mid. 19th century, the village moved — the villagers resettled from the right bank of the River Irtysh onto the left one. As the result, the village was situated nearby the main road connecting the cities of Omsk and Tara. At the same time, the village became the center of the Ayalynskay region. That led to the strengthening of the social status and property en-richment of the descendants of Itkuchuk Buchkakov. The Knyzevs’ surname first appeared in the materials of the First All-Russia Census Survey of 1897. Some of the descendants signed up under this surname later in the Soviet period. During the Soviet years, members of the Knyzev’s gens had different destinies: some worked in the local government, whereas the others were subjected to political repressions and executed. Knyazevs took part in the Great Patriotic War and seven of them perished. Presently there are no descendants of the Knyazevs in Bernyazhka as they spread over the villages of the Omskaya Region, some living in Omsk and other towns of Russia and abroad.

scholarly journals Revisited the localization of fortifications of the 18th century on the surroundings of village of Braha in Khmelnytsky region

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Harlan
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
General Description ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Modern Landscape ◽  
The Village

The results of the survey of the territories of the village Braga in the Khmelnytsky region, which is in close proximity to Khotyn Fortress, are highlighted in this article. A general description of the sources that were the fortifications of the left bank of the Dnister River opposite the Khotyn Fortress according to the modern landscape, is presented.

scholarly journals Changes in Lake Rotcze catchment over the last 200 years: implications for lake development reconstruction

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Andrzej Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Large Fragment ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Lake Catchment ◽  
The Village

AbstractBased on archival cartographic sources, teledetection materials, and research results in the scope of history and environmental sciences, changes occurring in the catchment of Lake Rotcze and its close vicinity over the last two hundred years were analysed. The area of the catchment is dominated by moderately fertile minerogenic soils on which forest assemblages developed (poor hornbeamoak forest Tilio-Carpinetum and thermophilous oak forest Potentillo albae-Quercetum). The first trace of anthropopressure was a clearing at the southern shore of the lake, for agricultural use, established not later than at the turn of the 17th and 18th century. The forests were almost completely cleared in the first quarter of the 20th century, and transformed into cultivated land of the village of Grabniak. A large fragment of the catchment is occupied by peatlands, constituting the final stage of lake-peatland succession developed in the former bay of fossil Lake Uściwierskie of which Lake Rotcze constitutes the remains. During the 20th century, the peatlands were intensively drained. This resulted in their overdrying, and growing over with bushes and marshy forests. In the 20th century, Grabniak was an agricultural village. Over the last 25 years, it has turned into a recreation resort. The relatively short agricultural and settlement activity in the lake catchment, in comparison with other parts of Poland, makes the lake appropriate for palaeolimnological reconstruction in terms of looking for reference conditions (sensu WFD).

scholarly journals Review of the problem of transforming the name of Mezhybizh town in the light of new archival sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Ruslan Nahnybida ◽  
Ivan Saranchuk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Written Information ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town

It is noted in the article that the first written information about Podillya towns in Polish sources dates back to the end of the 14th - first half of the 15th century, and in the ancient Old Rus` chronicles there are mentions only of some towns, among which there is Mezhybizh town, located between rivers Pivdennyi Buh and Buzhok. It is stated that the location determined its name. However, it is established that the name Medzhybizh, which has survived to the present day, is fixed in the documents of the late Middle Ages. On the basis of the discovered materials, which are iconographic materials and archival documents of the Sieniawski family, an attempt was made to trace the transformation of the name of the town from the 12th to the 18th century. It is claimed that this name could have been established thanks to beekeeping. It is known that the production and sale of honey and wax played an important role in the economic and financial life of many cities, including Medzhybizh. During the analysis of archival sources, it was established that the document on construction and repair works in the Medzhybizh key for 1727 it is stated that in Nova Syniava a new winter house for beehives was built, which did not exist before, and peasants no longer spent much time and they didn`t drove apiaries to Medzhybozh in the autumn and back to Nova Syniava in the spring. The same clay stebniks were built in Khodkivtsi and Kopystyn, 30 km from Medzhybizh. However, for 10 years in the description of Novosinyavsky court in 1738, the stebnyk on two pillars is marked as old. Only in the document for 1759–1760 was the treasure stebnyk of Medzhybizh first mentioned, in which magnate apiaries were probably kept in winter. We assume that it could be located under the magnate's chambers and rooms in the south-eastern part of the castle of Medzhibizh or near the castle at the court of the Czartoryski, which was surrounded by a moat and an oak fence. Although such an assumption requires thorough research. Also on the map of the geometer Anthony Endrzejowski in 1772 in the explication we find mentions of three large apiaries, which were located near Medzhybizh, on the outskirts of the village Markivtsi. Key words: Medzhybizh, Sieniawski, Czartoryski, stebnyk (a building designed for wintering bees), honey.

scholarly journals Expansão urbana da vila de Cascais no século XVII e XVIII: a intervenção arqueológica na Rua da Vitória nº 15 a 17

2020 ◽  
pp. 1975-1986
Author(s):  
Tiago Pereira ◽  
Vanessa Filipe
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Village ◽  
Previous Occupation

The archaeological intervention at Rua da Vitória 15-17, Cascais, was motivated by an urban rehabilitation project for a buldind located nearby the center of the village. The original bulding foundation date from late 17th century and 18th century, above a series of deposits containing ceramics, fauna, glass and metals as a result of landfill of domestic waste. Between these deposits we registered several small pits used as household waste disposal. The previous occupation in this area corresponds to a minor agricultural production from 15th or 16th century probably a small vineyard field. We report were evidence of the urban expansion of ancient village of Cascais occurred since 16th century, and the development of urban area to open areas of landfill.

scholarly journals Wieś Chlebna koło Jedlicza w latach 1772–1791. Przyczynek do historii miejscowości

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (26) ◽  
pp. 29-64
Author(s):  
Jakub Bodaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Small Fragment ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village

The village of Chlebna near Jedlicz between 1772 and 1791. A contribution to the history of the place The village of Chlebna is a very interesting example of lack of any changes whatsoever in the social and economic system in Galicia, the region which at the end of the 18th century remained under Austrian rule. Thanks to a multitude of preserved archive materials, it has been possible to reconstruct both the sequence of owners of the village in the mentioned period, economic issues and the situation of the residents in the system of private serfdom villages. The paper presents the occupational structure and spatial arrangement of the place. It also discusses the influence of the area and the water network on the economy of Chlebna. The comparison of the condition in 1773 and in 1785–1789 does not show any signs of improvement in the economic situation. The article is also interesting for genealogists. It is, however, but a small fragment of the history of a small Galician village.

Beulake

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
Linde Stokvis
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Land Loss ◽  
Severe Storms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Village

Abstract The lost peat-dredgers village of Beulake Between 1600 and 1800, Beulake was a peat-dredging village of reasonable size. Peat dredging was profitable but caused permanent land loss and flooding. During the f irst half of the 18th century, peat-dredging seems to have brought some prosperity, but then a decline set in. The village eventually disappeared due to two severe storms in 1775 and 1776. This article examines the spatial structure of the former village and the socioeconomic conditions of its residents.

Fortress in the village of Achabet in the Republic of South Ossetia According to Written Sources and Historiographic Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Eduard V. Kaziev
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
The Third ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Written Sources

The fortress in the village of Achabet is known from a number of written sources of the early 15th and 18th centuries. Despite this circumstance, in the scientific tradition it is contradictory to believe that the first information about the fortress contained in written sources refers to the events of the middle of the 16th century, and the lower limit of several periods of its construction is correlated by researchers with the same time. The presence of a contradiction between the information about the fortress contained in written sources and the presentation of this information in the scientific tradition determined the relevance of this study. The aim of the study, therefore, was to resolve this contradiction by analyzing and comparing the known information from written sources about this monument with information about it contained in the historical and linguistic literature, as well as with descriptions of the monument presented in the literature on the history of fortifications of the Transcaucasia. This comparison, in turn, made it possible to present a possible chronology of the construction of a number of objects that made up the complex of the monument over several periods of its construction. According to the results of the study, it is assumed that the tower and the adjacent semicircle of the first fortress wall were erected at the turn of the 13th–14th centuries, the second fortress wall was built along the first in the second half of the 15th century, and the third wall, the largest in terms of area covered, was erected in the 30-s of the 18th century. The materials for the study were written sources, as well as information about field examinations of the monument, available in the scientific tradition. The research was carried out on the basis of the method of comparative historical analysis.

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