Disparities in cancer prevalence, incidence, and mortality for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated patients: A scoping review

e23004 Background: A large proportion of the global cancer burden occurs in low and middle income countries (LMICs). One of the significant barriers to adequate cancer control is the lack of an adequately trained oncology workforce. Medical education and training initiatives in oncology are necessary to tackle growing cancer incidence and mortality rates. We performed a scoping review of oncology medical education interventions in LMICs to understand the strategies used to train the global oncology workforce. Methods: We searched OVID MEDLINE and EMBASE databases between January 1, 1995 and March 4, 2020 using a standardized scoping review framework. Articles were eligible if they described an oncology medical education intervention within an LMIC with clear outcomes. Articles were classified based on the target population, the level of medical education, form of collaboration with another institution and if there was an e-learning component to the intervention. Results: Of the 806 articles screened, 25 met criteria and were eligible for analysis. The Middle East/Africa was the most common geographic area of the educational initiative (N=14/25). The majority of interventions were targeted towards physicians (n=15/25) and focused on continuing medical education (n=22/25). Twelve articles described the use of e-learning as part of the intervention. Twenty four articles described some form of collaboration, most commonly with an institution from a high-income country. Language barriers, technology, and lack of physical infrastructure and resources in the LMIC were the most common challenges described. The majority of the initiatives were funded through grants or charitable donations. Conclusions: There is a paucity of published interventions of oncology medical education initiatives in LMICs. Continued medical education initiatives and those targeted towards physicians are most common. There is a lack of collaboration between LMICs in these interventions. Further interventions are needed earlier during medical training and for non-physicians. In addition, increased use of e-learning interventions may overcome certain identified challenges. Encouragement of locally funded initiatives as well as scholarly evaluation and publication of these initiatives are important to improve cancer care in LMICs.

Download Full-text

Cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality rates in Pakistan in 2012

Cogent Medicine ◽

10.1080/2331205x.2017.1288773 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1288773 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Muhammad Rehan Sarwar ◽

Anum Saqib ◽

Udo Schumacher

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rates ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Download Full-text

Lung Cancer Patient Description in Immanuel Hospital Bandung from January 2013 to December 2014

Journal Of Medicine & Health ◽

10.28932/jmh.v1i6.548 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Ida AKT Bulan ◽

Hana Ratnawati ◽

Teresa L Wargasetia

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Medical Records ◽

Data Retrieval ◽

Common Site ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

High Incidence ◽

Mortality Percentage

Lung cancer is a disease which has high incidence and mortality rate. It makes lung cancer become one of the biggest public health problems. The aim of this study is to find out the description of lung cancer patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung from January 2013 to December 2014 based on the prevalence, gender, age, clinical features, metastasis, and mortality percentage. The method design was a descriptive retrospective method with data retrieval and collection of patient medical records that have been diagnosed with lung cancer in Immanuel Hospital Bandung from January 2013 to December 2014 period. This study showed that lung cancer prevalence was 51 patients, the majority of patients were males compared to females with the ratio of 2.7:1, the most common age group was 61–70 years old, the most common clinical features were dyspnea and cough, the most common site of metastasis was liver, and the mortality percentage was 33.33%.Keywords: Immanuel hospital Bandung, lung cancer, patient’s description

Download Full-text

Analysis of the malignant ovarian tumors incidence in the Sumy region in 2014-2018.

Morphologia ◽

10.26641/1997-9665.2021.1.73-78 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

R.A. Chyzhma ◽

A.P. Nykolenko ◽

A.M. Piddubnyi ◽

R.A. Moskalenko

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Ovarian Adenocarcinoma ◽

Female Population ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

Breast And Cervical Cancer ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Third Stage ◽

High Incidence ◽

High Incidence Rate

Background. Ovarian cancer is a very important pathology of the female reproductive system and tends to increase in incidence and mortality rates around the world. Despite the fact that ovarian cancer prevalence is lower than that of breast and cervical cancer, its mortality rate is three times higher. Aim. To analyze the incidence of ovarian cancer in the female population of Ukraine and the Sumy region in 2014–2018. Methods. Data from the National Cancer Register of Ukraine were used for this work. A statistical analysis of the incidence rates of ovarian cancer in the population of Ukraine and Sumy region was carried out. Results. The highest incidence of ovarian cancer in the Sumy region was detected in 2018 (12.5 cases per 100,000 women), and the lowest - in 2017 (10.4 cases per 100,000 women). This pathology occurs most often in women 60-79 years old. 91% of the tumors were epithelial-stromal tumors, of which 75% were serous ovarian adenocarcinomas. Ovarian cancer in most cases was diagnosed at the third stage of the disease (47% of cases), which indicates a low level of early diagnosis of this tumor. Conclusion. In the Sumy region, a high incidence rate of ovarian cancer was revealed, which exceeds the national one and has a significant age dependence. Serous ovarian adenocarcinoma is the most common type of ovarian cancer. This pathology is diagnosed mainly at the 3rd stage.

Download Full-text

Cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality in people who experience incarceration in Ontario, Canada: A population-based retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0171131 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. e0171131 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fiona G. Kouyoumdjian ◽

Lucie Pivnick ◽

Kathryn E. McIsaac ◽

Andrew S. Wilton ◽

Aisha Lofters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Population Based ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Download Full-text

Asbestos Exposure and Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in Portugal: a scoping review

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa040.047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

C Santos ◽

MA Dixe ◽

E Sacadura-Leite ◽

P Astoul ◽

A Sousa-Uva

Keyword(s):

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Case Reports ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

International Agency ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Hospital Data ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Introduction Asbestos, widely used for its important chemical and physical characteristics, are recognized in all their varieties as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and as the leading cause of cancer associated with occupational exposure in industrialized countries. Despite being the most studied occupational hazard since 1965, it is the malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), the decisive aspect in the study of the exposure to asbestos. Objectives Make a state of the art of the relationships between asbestos and MPM in Portugal. Methodology A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology was conducted using five information’s sources: Pubmed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar and Open Access Scientific Repositories of Portugal and DART-Europe E-theses Portal to search also for gray literature. Data were collected between 1960-2019, with the keywords "Asbestos" and "Mesothelioma” and “Portugal”. Inclusion criteria were defined for types of participants, concept, context and types of studies. Results Of the 1453 studies reviewed 9 were included. The oldest study is from 1986. Five studies are about incidence and survival, two are case reports, one about exposure and mortality and one about treatment. To analyse incidence and mortality, four authors used hospital data and two the data from the southern regional cancer registry (ROR). In these studies, it is also presented the description of the population in terms of mean age, type of exposure, latency time, histological type and stage. Conclusion Portugal, such as other industrialized countries, used asbestos in a massive way, but despite this, few studies and data on the relationship between asbestos exposure and MPM are found. Dedicated studies are needed to objectively assess the true dimension of this potential problem in Portugal and characterise the different types of exposures related to MPM.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of cervical cancer - A 6 year Retrospective Study in Jigawa State, Nigeria

World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.30574/wjbphs.2020.4.1.0068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 08-013

Author(s):

Yamuna Aminu Kani ◽

Yahaya Muhammad ◽

Abubakar Binji ◽

Sani Iliya ◽

Rehinatu Adejumo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Precancerous Lesion ◽

Mixed Cell ◽

Papilloma Virus ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Case Files ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Cervical cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix-the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of human papilloma virus and sexual transmitted infections play major roles in the development of cancer. A systematic review on cervical cancer incidence and mortality rate shows that the scarcity of information reveals a substantial need for further studies on cervical cancer prevalence and mortality with associated risk factors. The present study aimed at investigating the prevalence and of cervical cancer among women in Jigawa, Northwestern Nigeria. This was a retrospective analytical study conducted at Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria. Data of590 subjects retrieved from histopathology laboratory and the subjects’ case files were retrospectively analyzed. Out of the 590 participants, apart from those with precancerous lesion, 80 (13.6%) - tested positive for cervical cancer, of the 80 positive patients, age group 35-44, 45-54, 55-64 and above 65 represent 25%, 16.3%, 23.7% and 12.5% of the population respectively. Of the 80 cervical cancer patients, 70% had Squamous cell carcinoma, 18.8% had Adenocarcinoma, while 11.2% constituted the mixed cell carcinoma i.e. adenosquamous carcinoma. Conclusively, the current study revealed 13.6% prevalence of cervical cancer in Jigawa, Northwestern Nigeria. This is alarming and calls for urgent intervention and more studies on the condition.

Download Full-text