The effect of single vegetation elements on wind speed and sediment transport in the Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1454-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Leenders ◽  
J. H. van Boxel ◽  
G. Sterk
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sahelian Zone

scholarly journals Populus simonii Carr. Reduces Wind Erosion and Improves Soil Properties in Northern China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieming Zhang ◽  
Guodong Jia ◽  
Ziqiang Liu ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Xinxiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Sand Transport ◽  
Total N

To assess the ecological effects of poplar stands with different densities and ages, fixed observation sites were established in selected standard forest plots. Daily dynamics of wind speed and sand transport rate were monitored over an erosive period (March to June) in 2017. Soil characteristics were also measured at these plots. Average daily wind speed and average daily wind erosion modulus decreased significantly after the establishment of poplar trees on sandy land, while soil density decreased significantly, soil hardness increased greatly, and soil organic carbon, total N, and available P levels increased significantly. With increasing stand density, average daily wind speed and daily sediment transport firstly decreased and then increased, while the investigated soil nutrients showed the opposite trend. A tree density of 1320–1368 trees·hm−2 significantly reduced surface wind erosion. With the increase in forest age, the average daily wind speed and daily sediment transport declined, while soil physical and chemical properties were gradually improved. At a stand age of 40 years, wind-caused soil erosion significantly reduced. Taking these effects into consideration, the design and management of protective forest systems in arid and semi-arid areas can be greatly improved.

scholarly journals DETERMINING VERTICAL WIND SPEED PROFILE IN THE ATMOSPHERIC LIMIT LAYER ON THE OUAHIGOUYA SITE IN BURKINA FASO.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Vertical Wind ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Wind Speed Profile ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Annual Scale

The properties of the vertical profile of the wind speed on a monthly and annual scale at the Ouahigouya site belonging to the Sahelian climatic zone in Burkina Faso were explored in this study. To do this, wind speed and temperature data at 10 m above ground and NASA satellite data at an altitude of 50 m in the atmospheric boundary layer were used over a period of ten years. From the theory of Monin-Obukhov, the logarithmic law and the power law made it possible to develop the variation of wind speed with altitude taking into account the conditions of atmospheric stability. According to statistical performance indicators, it has been observed that the vertical profile of the wind speed adjusted according to the power law and the log-linear law corresponds to the measurements. Regarding the state of stability of the atmosphere, we note that it is generally unstable from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. and stable during other times of the day. The annual average wind shear coefficients during the convective and night time diurnal cycle are evaluated at 0.67 and 0.7, respectively. From the power law, the values of the shear coefficients, the average vertical profile on a monthly and annual scale of the wind was obtained by extrapolation of the wind data measured at 10 m from the ground. This study is the first of its kind in this area. To assess the wind resource available on the Ouahigouya site, investors can directly use the vertical wind profile based on the power law for an altitude between 10 and 50 m.

scholarly journals Assessing the Best Fit Probability Distribution Model for Wind Speed Data for Different Sites of Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Drissa Boro ◽  
Ky Thierry ◽  
Florent P. Kieno ◽  
Joseph Bathiebo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Inverse Gaussian ◽  
Study Sites

In order to estimate the power output of a wind turbine, optimise its sizing and forecast the economic rate of return and risks of a wind energy project, wind speed distribution modelling is crucial. For which, Weibull distribution is considered as one of the most acceptable model. However, this distribution does not fit certain wind speed regimes. The objective of this study is to model the frequency distribution of the three-hourly wind speed at ten sites of Burkina Faso. In this context, we compared the accuracy of five distributions (Weibull, Hybrid Weibull, Rayleigh, Gamma and inverse Gaussian) which gave satisfactory results in this field. The maximum likelihood method was used to fit the distributions to the measured data. According to the statistical analysis tools (the coefficient of determination and the root mean square error), it was found that the Weibull distribution is most suited to the Bobo, Dédougou, Ouaga and Ouahigouya sites. On the other hand, for the sites of Bogandé, Fada and Po, the hybrid Weibull distribution is the most suitable one. As to the inverse Gaussian distribution, it is the most suitable for the Boromo, Dori and Gaoua sites. In addition, the analysis focused on comparing the mean absolute error of the annual wind power density estimation using the distributions examined. The Hybrid Weibull distribution was found to have a minimal mean absolute error for most study sites.

scholarly journals Intra-Seasonal and Annual Variation of Aerosols and Their Radiative Impact in the Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 62-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bado Nébon ◽  
Mamadou Simina Dramé ◽  
Saidou Moustapha Sall ◽  
Korgo Bruno ◽  
Demba Ndao Niang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
Sahelian Zone

scholarly journals A NEW CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR AEOLIAN TRANSPORT RATES ON BEACHES

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sierd De Vries ◽  
Marcel Stive ◽  
Leo Van Rijn ◽  
Roshanka Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Aeolian Transport ◽  
Threshold Velocity ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Coastal Beach ◽  
Aeolian Sediment ◽  
Physical Principles

In this paper a new conceptual model for aeolian sediment transport rates is presented. Traditional sediment transport formulations have known limitations when applied to coastal beach situations. A linear model for sediment transport rates with respect to wind speed is proposed and supported by both data and numerical model simulations. The presented model does not solve complex wind fields and is therefore very easily applicable. Physical principles such as the presence of a threshold velocity and interaction with the bed surface are yet to be implemented before the model can be used for predictive purposes.

scholarly journals Effets du travail du sol et de la fertilisation organo-minérale sur les rendements du mil en zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-510
Author(s):  
Siébou Pale ◽  
Albert Barro ◽  
Mahamoudou Koumbem ◽  
Aïda Sere ◽  
Hamidou Traore
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Sahelian Zone

Le mil est la deuxième importante céréale cultivée au Burkina Faso après le sorgho. Ces dernières années, les rendements sont en baisse du fait de la pauvreté des sols et des aléas climatiques. Cette étude réalisée en 2018 et 2019 à la Station de Recherches de Saria avait pour objectif d’identifier des technologies de gestion de l’eau et de la fertilisation qui optimisent les rendements du mil. Le dispositif expérimental était un bloc complétement randomisé avec une disposition des traitements en split-plot et trois répétitions où les parcelles principales correspondaient à quatre niveaux de travail du sol et les parcelles secondaires à huit niveaux de fertilisation minérale avec ou sans compost. Les résultats ont montré que l’utilisation du compost plus les engrais minéraux ont permis des gains de 338 à 502 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 657 à 947 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Le labour a engendré des gains de 266 à 635 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 381 à 601 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Ces résultats permettent de recommander le labour avec une fertilisation organique et minérale pour optimiser les rendements du mil dans la zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso.Mots clés : Labour, zaï manuel, billonnage cloisonné, compost, Station de Recherches de Saria   Effects of tillage and organo-mineral fertilization on yields of pearl millet in the Soudano-sahelian zone of Burkina FasoABSTRACTPearl millet is the second important cereal crop cultivated in Burkina Faso after sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. In recent years, farmers failed to achieve good yields because of low productivity resulting from soil poverty and climatic risks. This study was carried out at Saria Research Station in 2018 and 2019 and aimed at finding the best combination of water management techniques and fertilizers to optimize pearl millet yields. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements of treatments and three replications. The main plot was tillage method with four levels and the sub-plot was fertilization with eight levels consisting of mineral fertilizers with or without compost. Results showed that the addition of compost to mineral fertilizers resulted in yield increases from 338 to 502 kg ha-1 for grain and 657 to 947 kg ha-1 for stover. The use of plough increased grain yield from 266 to 635 kg ha-1 and stover from 381 to 601 kg ha-1. These results indicate that the use of compost plus mineral fertilizers and plough that optimize pearl millet yields can be recommended for pearl millet production in the Sudano-sahelian zone of Burkina Faso.© 2021 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Plough, manual zaï, tied-ridging, compost, Saria Research Station.

scholarly journals Transport of Fine Sediments in MarineWaterbodies Near River Mouths: Preliminary Results

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-275
Author(s):  
Grzegorz R. Cerkowniak ◽  
Marek Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Fine Sediment ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
River Mouths

AbstractTransport of fine sediments depends mainly on the efficiency of flocculation. Flocculation, understood as the result of simultaneous processes of aggregation of particles and floc break-up, is a common phenomenon in marine environments. It is typical of fine sediments. This study presents a mathematical model of fine sediment transport. A model of flocculation is an important part of this model. Its main assumption is that flocculation is governed by turbulence. The model was qualitatively tested in a simplified theoretical waterbody. Such factors as the wind direction, wind speed, river discharge and concentration of suspension in the river were investigated. The results show that the proposed model describes reasonably well the lithodynamic processes characteristic of fine flocculating sediments. Thus it seems possible to apply it for description of fine sediment transport under real wave–current conditions that occur in many marine waterbodies near river mouths.

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