Expression of Concern: “Aurora‐A induces cell survival and chemoresistance by activation of Akt through a p53‐dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells” by Hua Yang, Lili He, Patricia Kruk, Santo V. Nicosia and Jin Q. Cheng

Abstract Background Propofol is a kind of common intravenous anaesthetic agent that plays an anti-tumor role in a variety of cancers, including ovarian cancer. However, the working mechanism of Propofol in ovarian cancer needs further exploration. Methods The viability and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells were assessed by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and transwell assays. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell cycle and apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the abundance of circular RNA vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog C (circVPS13C) and microRNA-145 (miR-145). The target relationship between miR-145 and circVPS13C was predicted by circinteractome database and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA-pull down assay. Western blot assay was used to detect the levels of phosphorylated extracellular regulated MAP kinase (p-ERK), ERK, p-MAP kinse-ERK kinase (p-MEK) and MEK, in ovarian cancer cells. Results Propofol treatment suppressed the viability, cell cycle and motility and elevated the apoptosis rate of ovarian cancer cells. Propofol up-regulated miR-145 in a dose-dependent manner. Propofol exerted an anti-tumor role partly through up-regulating miR-145. MiR-145 was a direct target of circVPS13C. Propofol suppressed the progression of ovarian cancer through up-regulating miR-145 via suppressing circVPS13C. Propofol functioned through circVPS13C/miR-145/MEK/ERK signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion Propofol suppressed the proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion and induced the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells through circVPS13C/miR-145/MEK/ERK signaling in vitro.

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224 A GROWTH OF HUMAN BG-1 CANCER CELLS EXPRESSING ESTROGEN RECEPTORS WAS ENHANCED BY SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS, LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN AND CYPERMETHRIN, VIA AN ESTROGEN RECEPTOR-DEPENDENT SIGNALING PATHWAY

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv27n1ab224 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 201 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C.-W. Kim ◽

R.-E. Go ◽

K.-C. Choi

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mtt Assay ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin

Synthetic pyrethroids (SP) are the most common pesticides in recent use, which are used as indoor pest control. The widespread use of SPs has resulted in extensive exposure to wildlife and human. Recently some SPs are suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) and have been assessed for their potential estrogenicity by various assays. In this study, we examined the estrogenic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and cypermethrin (CP), the most commonly used pyrethroid insecticides in Korea, using BG-1 ovarian cancer cells expressing oestrogen receptors (ER). To evaluate the estrogenic activities of two SPs, LCT and CP, we employed MTT assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). In MTT assay, LCT (10–6 M) and CP (10–5 M) significantly induced the growth of BG-1 cancer cells, 1.61 ± 0.1 and 1.45 ± 0.06 times, respectively, as 17β-oestradiol (E2, 10–9 M, 2.73 ± 0.25 times) did. LCT or CP-induced cell growth was reversed to a control level (DMSO) by addition of ICI 182 720 (10–8 M), an ER antagonist, suggesting that this effect appears to be mediated by an ER-dependent manner. Moreover, RT–PCR results showed that transcriptional level of ERα expression was significantly down-regulated by LCT and CP as in case of E2. Taken together, these results indicate that LCT and CP may possess estrogenic potentials to stimulate ovarian cancer cells expressing ERs via an ER-dependent manner, and these collective results confirm the carcinogenicity of these SP, LCT and CP, in ER-positive cells or tissues.

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Mechanism of Cepharanthine Cytotoxicity in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-0706-7503 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 85 (01) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vilawan Payon ◽

Chanaporn Kongsaden ◽

Wannarasmi Ketchart ◽

Apiwat Mutirangura ◽

Piyanuch Wonganan

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cell ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractCepharanthine (CEP), a medicinal product derived from Stephania cephalantha Hayata, possesses a potent cytotoxicity against several types of cancers. Recently, we have found that CEP could efficiently inhibit the growth of mutated p53 colon cancer cells, which are often resistant to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect and the underlying mechanisms of CEP on both chemosensitive CaOV-3 and chemoresistant OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell lines. The present study demonstrated that CEP significantly inhibited the growth of CaOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. CEP arrested CaOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells in the G1 phase and S phase of cell cycle, respectively. Western blot analysis demonstrated that CEP markedly increased the expression of p21Waf1 protein and decreased the expression of cyclins A and D proteins in both CaOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. Additionally, CEP triggered apoptotic cell death in OVCAR-3 cells. Taken together, the above results suggest that CEP is a promising anticancer drug for ovarian cancer.

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Wild-Type Tumor Repressor Protein 53 (TRP53) Promotes Ovarian Cancer Cell Survival

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2011-2131 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 153 (4) ◽

pp. 1638-1648 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Lisa K. Mullany ◽

Zhilin Liu ◽

Erin R. King ◽

Kwong-Kwok Wong ◽

JoAnne S. Richards

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Dna Repair ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Low Grade ◽

Wild Type ◽

Repressor Protein

Loss of Pten in the KrasG12D;Amhr2-Cre mutant mice leads to the transformation of ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells and rapid development of low-grade, invasive serous adenocarcinomas. Tumors occur with 100% penetrance and express elevated levels of wild-type tumor repressor protein 53 (TRP53). To test the functions of TRP53 in the Pten;Kras (Trp53+) mice, we disrupted the Trp53 gene yielding Pten;Kras(Trp53−) mice. By comparing morphology and gene expression profiles in the Trp53+ and Trp53− OSE cells from these mice, we document that wild-type TRP53 acts as a major promoter of OSE cell survival and differentiation: cells lacking Trp53 are transformed yet are less adherent, migratory, and invasive and exhibit a gene expression profile more like normal OSE cells. These results provide a new paradigm: wild-type TRP53 does not preferentially induce apoptotic or senescent related genes in the Pten;Kras(Trp53+) cancer cells but rather increases genes regulating DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and proliferation and decreases putative tumor suppressor genes. However, if TRP53 activity is forced higher by exposure to nutlin-3a (a mouse double minute-2 antagonist), TRP53 suppresses DNA repair genes and induces the expression of genes that control cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Thus, in the Pten;Kras(Trp53+) mutant mouse OSE cells and likely in human TP53+ low-grade ovarian cancer cells, wild-type TRP53 controls global molecular changes that are dependent on its activation status. These results suggest that activation of TP53 may provide a promising new therapy for managing low-grade ovarian cancer and other cancers in humans in which wild-type TP53 is expressed.

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Triptolide Transcriptionally Represses HER2 in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Targeting NF-κB

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/350239 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chien-Chih Ou ◽

Yuan-Wu Chen ◽

Shih-Chung Hsu ◽

Huey-Kang Sytwu ◽

Shih-Hurng Loh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Promoter Activity ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Nih3t3 Cells ◽

Her2 Protein

Triptolide (TPL) inhibits the proliferation of a variety of cancer cells and has been proposed as an effective anticancer agent. In this study, we demonstrate that TPL downregulates HER2 protein expression in oral, ovarian, and breast cancer cells. It suppresses HER2 protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Transrepression of HER2 promoter activity by TPL is also observed. The interacting site of TPL on the HER2 promoter region is located between −207 and −103 bps, which includes a putative binding site for the transcription factor NF-κB. Previous reports demonstrated that TPL suppresses NF-κB expression. We demonstrate that overexpression of NF-κB rescues TPL-mediated suppression of HER2 promoter activity and protein expression in NIH3T3 cells and ovarian cancer cells, respectively. In addition, TPL downregulates the activated (phosphorylated) forms of HER2, phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), and serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt). TPL also inhibits tumor growth in a mouse model. Furthermore, TPL suppresses HER2 and Ki-67 expression in xenografted tumors based on an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. These findings suggest that TPL transrepresses HER2 and suppresses the downstream PI3K/Akt-signaling pathway. Our study reveals that TPL can inhibit tumor growth and thereby may serve as a potential chemotherapeutic agent.

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Tissue transglutaminase protects epithelial ovarian cancer cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis by promoting cell survival signaling

Carcinogenesis ◽

10.1093/carcin/bgn158 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (10) ◽

pp. 1893-1900 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

L. Cao ◽

D. N. Petrusca ◽

M. Satpathy ◽

H. Nakshatri ◽

I. Petrache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Survival Signaling ◽

Induced Apoptosis

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Inhibition of EGFR/PI3K/AKT cell survival pathway promotes TSA's effect on cell death and migration in human ovarian cancer cells

International Journal of Oncology ◽

10.3892/ijo.29.1.269 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Changlin Zhou ◽

Lihua Qiu ◽

Yun Sun ◽

Sarah Healey ◽

Harold Wanebo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cell Death ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Human Ovarian Cancer ◽

Survival Pathway ◽

And Migration

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Difluoromethylornithine Induces Apoptosis through Regulation of AP-1 Signaling via JNK Phosphorylation in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms221910255 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (19) ◽

pp. 10255

Author(s):

Woo Yeon Hwang ◽

Wook Ha Park ◽

Dong Hoon Suh ◽

Kidong Kim ◽

Yong Beom Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Irreversible Inhibitor ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Bax Protein ◽

Apoptotic Effects

Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), has promising activity against various cancers and a tolerable safety profile for long-term use as a chemopreventive agent. However, the anti-tumor effects of DFMO in ovarian cancer cells have not been entirely understood. Our study aimed to identify the effects and mechanism of DFMO in epithelial ovarian cancer cells using SKOV-3 cells. Treatment with DFMO resulted in a significantly reduced cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. DFMO treatment inhibited the activity and downregulated the expression of ODC in ovarian cancer cells. The reduction in cell viability was reversed using polyamines, suggesting that polyamine depletion plays an important role in the anti-tumor activity of DFMO. Additionally, significant changes in Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bax protein levels, activation of caspase-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase were observed, indicating the apoptotic effects of DFMO. We also found that the effect of DFMO was mediated by AP-1 through the activation of upstream JNK via phosphorylation. Moreover, DFMO enhanced the effect of cisplatin, thus showing a possibility of a synergistic effect in treatment. In conclusion, treatment with DFMO alone, or in combination with cisplatin, could be a promising treatment for ovarian cancer.

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Clerodane Diterpenoids from an Edible Plant Justicia insularis: Discovery, Cytotoxicity, and Apoptosis Induction in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26195933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (19) ◽

pp. 5933

Author(s):

Idowu E. Fadayomi ◽

Okiemute R. Johnson-Ajinwo ◽

Elisabete Pires ◽

James McCullagh ◽

Tim D. W. Claridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Human Ovarian Cancer ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Cytotoxic Compounds ◽

Clerodane Diterpenoids ◽

Induction Of Apoptosis

Objectives: The toxicity of chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs is a serious issue in clinics. Drug discovery from edible and medicinal plants represents a promising approach towards finding safer anticancer therapeutics. Justicia insularis T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) is an edible and medicinal plant in Nigeria. This study aims to discover cytotoxic compounds from this rarely explored J. insularis and investigate their underlying mechanism of action. Methods: The cytotoxicity of the plant extract was evaluated in human ovarian cancer cell lines and normal human ovarian surface epithelia (HOE) cells using a sulforhodamine B assay. Bioassay-guided isolation was carried out using column chromatography including HPLC, and the isolated natural products were characterized using GC-MS, LC-HRMS, and 1D/2D NMR techniques. Induction of apoptosis was evaluated using Caspase 3/7, 8, and 9, and Annexin V and PI based flow cytometry assays. SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction web tools were used to predict the molecular properties and possible protein targets of identified active compounds. Key finding: The two cytotoxic compounds were identified as clerodane diterpenoids: 16(α/β)-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (1) and 16-oxo-cleroda-3,13(14)E-dien-15-oic acid (2) from the Acanthaceous plant for the first time. Compound 1 was a very abundant compound (0.7% per dry weight of plant material) and was shown to be more potent than compound 2 with IC50 values in the micromolar range against OVCAR-4 and OVCAR-8 cancer cells. Compounds 1 and 2 were less cytotoxic to HOE cell line. Both compounds induced apoptosis by increasing caspase 3/7 activities in a concentration dependent manner. Compound 1 further increased caspase 8 and 9 activities and apoptosis cell populations. Compounds 1 and 2 are both drug like, and compound 1 may target various proteins including a kinase. Conclusions: Clerodane diterpenoids (1 and 2) in J. insularis were identified as cytotoxic to ovarian cancer cells via the induction of apoptosis, providing an abundant and valuable source of hit compounds for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

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