scholarly journals The relationship of offending style to psychological and social risk factors in a sample of adolescent males

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-92
Author(s):  
Sally‐Ann Ashton ◽  
Maria Ioannou ◽  
Laura Hammond ◽  
John Synnott
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals A biopsychosocial model of violence when sleepwalking: Review and reconceptualisation

BJPsych Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Stallman ◽  
Andrea Bari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

SummaryViolence towards others during sleepwalking is relatively uncommon, but can result in serious injury or even death. Much of the research in this field has focused on the forensic consequences of violence during sleepwalking without sufficient attention to an understanding of the risk factors for violence during sleepwalking and the development of prevention and interventions based on these risk factors. This paper reviews the characteristics of impulsive violence in general and reconceptualises violence during sleepwalking as an extension of this prior vulnerability. We propose a biopsychosocial model of the risk for violence during sleepwalking that is supported through a review of empirical literature both within sleepwalking and violent behaviour more generally. Biological, psychological and social risk factors are hypothesised to mediate the relationship between sleepwalking and violence. Implications for prevention and treatment of this potentially fatal problem are discussed.

scholarly journals Association between Apoϵ4 allele and cardiometabolic and social risk factors with cognitive impairment in elderly population from Bogota

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-509
Author(s):  
Olga Lucia Pedraza ◽  
Isis Camacho ◽  
Fabio Alexander Sierra ◽  
Rubio-Gómez Cladelis ◽  
Ana Maria Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Allele Carrier ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Being an ϵ4 carrier in the Apoϵ gene has been suggested as a modifying factor for the interaction between cardio-metabolic, social risk factors, and the development of cognitive impairment. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the existence of such interaction in a sample of Bogota’s elderly population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,263 subjects older than 50 years. Each participant was diagnosed by consensus, after neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluations, under a diagnosis of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) according to Petersen’s criteria, or dementia according to DSM-IV criteria. Apoϵ was typified and an analysis of MoCA test was performed in each group carrying or not ϵ4 allele. Results: Our study showed that 75% were women with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range 62–74 years) and a median schooling for 6 years (interquartile range 4–12 years). Dementia was related to low education level of ≤5 years OR=11.20 (95%CI 4.99–25.12), high blood pressure (HBP) OR=1.45 (95%CI 1.03–2.05), and age over 70 years OR=7.68 (95%CI 3.49–16.90), independently of being or not an ϵ4 allele carrier. Diabetic subjects with dementia carrying ϵ4 allele showed a tendency to exhibit lower scores on the MoCA test, when compared with noncarriers’ diabetic subjects with dementia. Conclusions: The presence of ϵ4 allele does not modify the relationship between cognitive impairment and the different cardio-metabolic and social risk factors, except in diabetic subjects ϵ4 carriers with dementia who showed a tendency to exhibit lower scores of the MoCA test, when compared with noncarriers’ diabetic subjects with dementia.

The Effects of Child Maltreatment on Violent Offending Among Institutionalized Youth

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Gover
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
The Relationship

While prior literature generally supports the connection between child maltreatment and violent offending in adolescence and early adulthood for general population samples, less is known about the relationship between child maltreatment and the frequency of violent offending among serious juvenile offenders. As a result, few studies have examined whether the effects of child maltreatment on the frequency of violent offending are mediated by other social processes, as developmental models of aggression and violence would suggest. To examine this issue, self-report data on child maltreatment, general delinquency risk factors, and violent offending were collected from 3,694 juveniles confined to 48 correctional institutions. Results from a series of negative binomial regression models indicated that the relationship between child maltreatment and the frequency of violent offending was mediated by social risk factors. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Risk Factors in Spanish Youth and their Impact on Self-Concept Construction

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Sánchez Moreno ◽  
Ana Barrón López de Roda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Research Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents evidence from a psychosocial framework about the relationship among youth, work, and identity construction. The aims of this research were twofold. The first one was to analyze the working conditions of Spanish youth and their impact on individuals' biographies. The second one was to examine the effect of labor-related variables on construction / change of identity elements in Spanish youth. For this purpose, two research techniques were used: the Delphi method (103 experts sample from several entities and organizations closely related to our topic) and deep interviews (15 interviews with youths classified according to their relationship with the work market).

Peculiarities of the organization and accessibility of ophthalmological assistance to the population of the Voronezh area taking into account the data on incidence and causal factors

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Tatarkova ◽  
T. N. Petrova ◽  
A. Yu. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose of the study was to develop methods for predicting and optimizing the mechanisms for providing ophthalmological assistance to the population of the Voronezh Region based on a statistical analysis of the relationship between indicators of the state of ophthalmic health of the population, quality and accessibility of medical care.Materials and methods. The data on ophthalmological morbidity, resources of the ophthalmological service, outpatient and inpatient care provided to patients with ophthalmopathology were analyzed.Results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the main indicators of the activity of the ophthalmological service of the Voronezh region, based on the data of regional sectoral statistics of the Voronezh region in recent years. The problems of the personnel resource of the ophthalmological service, the effectiveness of the use of hospital beds, as well as problems of an administrative nature are discussed. On the basis of a systematic analysis of the incidence of the organ of vision, the prevalence and organization of medical care to the population, criteria are proposed for a quantitative and qualitative assessment of risk factors for the development of a pathology of the organ of sight. Based on the structural analysis of ophthalmologic morbidity, a complex of nonlinear prognostic models for the interaction of medical and social risk factors of ophthalmopathology with clinically established diseases of the organ of vision has been developed and tested. The developed regression model allowed us to separate the indicators by priority and to highlight the most significant ones. A logical prognostic model of dependence on disability based on existing risk factors has been formed.Conclusions. The clinical and epidemiological analysis helped to develop a regional target program to improve eye care for the population of the region and to outline the main measures to optimize the organization of eye care to the population of the Voronezh region in order to increase its availability and quality. Based on the results obtained, practical recommendations have been developed for improving medical and social care for patients with diseases of the organ of vision, taking into account the possibility of preventive measures in the early stages, to prevent the development of complications.

scholarly journals The Role of Prenatal Care and Social Risk Factors in the Relationship between Immigrant Status and Neonatal Morbidity: A Retrospective Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120765 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Paz-Zulueta ◽  
Javier Llorca ◽  
Raquel Sarabia-Lavín ◽  
Francisco Bolumar ◽  
Luis Rioja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Influential Path of Social Risk Factors toward Suicidal Behavior—Evidence from Chinese Sina Weibo Users 2013–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2604
Author(s):  
Yujin Han ◽  
He Li ◽  
Yunyu Xiao ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Tingshao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Path Analysis Model

(1) Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine suicidal risk factors, the relationship and the underlying mechanism between social variables and suicidal behavior. We hope to provide empirical support for the future suicide prevention of social media users at the social level. (2) Methods: The path analysis model with psychache as the mediate variable was constructed to analyze the relationship between suicidal behavior and selected social macro variables. The data for our research was taken from the Chinese Suicide Dictionary, Moral Foundation Dictionary, Cultural Value Dictionary and National Bureau of Statistics. (3) Results: The path analysis model was an adequate representation of the data. With the mediator psychache, higher authority vice, individualism, and disposable income of residents significantly predicted less suicidal behavior. Purity vice, collectivism, and proportion of the primary industry had positive significant effect on suicidal behavior via the mediator psychache. The coefficients of harm vice, fairness vice, ingroup vice, public transport and car for every 10,000 people, urban population density, gross domestic product (GDP), urban registered unemployment rate, and crude divorce rate were not significant. Furthermore, we applied the model to three major economic development belts in China. The model’s result meant different economic zones had no influence on the model designed in our study. (4) Conclusions: Our evidence informs population-based suicide prevention policymakers that incorporating some social factors like authority vice, individualism, etc. can help prevent suicidal ideation in China.

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