scholarly journals The origin of mononuclear cells in chronic inflammation and tuberculin reactions in the rat

1968 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Spector ◽  
D. A. Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells

scholarly journals Postpartal hysterectomy performed the consequence of chronic myometritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
Bozidar Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic ◽  
Bratislav Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Subtotal Hysterectomy ◽  
Cell Groups

Introduction. As a diffuse chronic inflammation, myometritis is very rere and usually follows after postpartal placenta remains or postabortion infections, but it can be also associated with endometrial or ascendent infection. Chronic myometritis is often followed by profuse bleeding, though in most cases it cannot be recognized as it is asymptomatic. Histologically, that chronic process is characterized by the presence of fibriosis within the muscles and mononuclear cells (lymphoplasmocytic and histiocytic) infiltration. Case report. A 24 old woman's second child was delivered per vias naturalis but the next day the profuse bleeding occured which would not stop even after repeated curretages and suspecting a case of placenta accreta and uterus atony, subtotal hysterectomy was performed. Histologically, the disappearance of the regular arrangement of the smooth muscles and stroma could be seen with the devastation of myometrium due to the diffuse reduction of its smooth muscle bundles and cells, as well as their atrophy, necrobiosis and apoptosis with the minimal preservation of the muscle bundles and little cell groups of the myometrium, an abundant presence of the fibrocollagene and myxoid transformed connective tissue, group cells similar to the mesenchymal tissue and adipocytes. Discussion It was not possible to find this variant of the changes on the myometrium in the available literature. The present case is about the clinically unknown asymptomatic myometritis, possibly developed in the postpartal period of the previous pregnancy. It is our opinion that it is most probably an autoagressive process directed towards the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium, as shown by their reduction and inflammatory cells composition, which plays an important role in the immune reactions (lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophilis, histocytes). Conclusion. A subtotal hysterectomy was performed on a woman, 24 years old, who gave birth to her second child and had profuse postpartal bleeding in sprite of repeated curettages. On the basis of this uterus atony, there is the clinically non-manifested chronic myometritis. The chronic inflammation resulted in a subtotal reduction of myometrium muscle mass, its replacement sclerosis, the multiplication of adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, histoicytes, lymphomonocytes and dissection of muscle fascicles.

Novel Flowcytometry-Based Approach for Detection of Tumor Cells in Body Fluid Using Automated Hematology Analyzer

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5600-5600
Author(s):  
Yoko Tabe ◽  
Hiroyuki Takemura ◽  
Konobu Kimura ◽  
Aya Konishi ◽  
Takashi Horii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
Automated Hematology Analyzer

Abstract Introduction: Nucleated cells differential analysis of body fluid (BF) samples is important diagnostic tool for several diseases including cancer metastasis. Detection of tumor cells in BF requires the manual morphological scanning of slides by the cytopathologists, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and not always reliable because of a relatively low overall sensitivity rates (ranging 40-90%) with the higher false-negative rates for lymphomas and mesotheliomas. This study aimed to develop the scattergram gating analysis for detection of tumor cells in BF using the automated hematology analyzer Sysmex XN-1000 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). Methods: We used a total of 220 BF samples (53 cerebrospinal fluids, 73 pleural or ascitic fluids, and 94 peritoneal dialysis effluent) obtained from patients with cytological diagnoses (papanicolaou stain) including negative and positive of tumor cells, and chronic inflammation with an elevated lymphocyte and histiocyte fractions. As a reference method, morphological manual differential (200 cells counts) was performed by two experienced technologists using cytospin slides stained with the May-Grunwald Giemsa. The BF mode of XN-1000 (XN-BF) determines the differential cell counts of BF samples using side scatter and fluorescence intensity in WDF channel after the nuclear DNA/RNA stain by nucleic acid dye. The polymorphonuclear cells, mononuclear cells and high fluorescence cells (HF-BF), corresponding with a high amount of nucleic acids, are differentiated. Mesothelial cells and macrophages are theoretically categorized as HF-BF cells and included in the total nucleated cell count but not in the WBC count. We selected the tumor cells positive (n=18) and chronic inflammation positive samples (n=108) by morphological manual differential, and reviewed their scattergram patterns determined by XN-BF. Then the novel scattergram gating strategy targeting the tumor cells was evaluated. The gating criteria were based on the WDF scatter plots; #1: detect the cells with larger size and higher fluorescence signal in comparison with general leukocytes, which mainly derived from clustered tumor cells, #2: detect the middle sized mononuclear cells with less granules rather than neutrophils and similar fluorescence signal to monocytes, which targeting hematological malignant cells and solid tumor cells. BF samples that meet at least one criterion were interpreted as positive for tumor cells. Results: The malignant BF samples containing tumor cells showed the different scattergram patterns from the benign ones with chronic inflammation; the malignant BF formed the isolated cellular clusters in our gating system, and the inflammatory BF showed the continuous expansion into the HF-BF area. Our scattergram gating analysis achieved an overall sensitivity of 72.2% and specificity of 98.0% in detecting tumor cells positive samples when screening against all samples outcomes. The positive predictive value was 76.5% and the negative predictive value was 97.5%. For the samples with absence of tumor cells and inflammatory observations (n=94), no false positive was detected. Of notes, each of our gating criterion detected the different type of tumor cells. For example, the scattergram gating analysis #1 achieved an overall sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 99.0% in detecting adenocarcinoma with the positive predictive value of 80.0% and the negative predictive value of 98.6%. Conclusions: A simple measurement of BF by automated hematology analyzer in which cells are minimally handled has a potential to reduce costs and allow routine cell screening in clinical applications. For the BF malignancy diagnostics, the scattergram gating analysis is promising to (i) augment diagnostic routines without requiring additional sample preparation procedure, (ii) limit operator bias, and (iii) provide a standardized measurement. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Time course of changes in inflammatory markers during a 6-mo exercise intervention in sedentary middle-aged men: a randomized-controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Thompson ◽  
Daniella Markovitch ◽  
James A. Betts ◽  
Dawn Mazzatti ◽  
James Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Response Information ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Regular exercise may improve systemic markers of chronic inflammation, but direct evidence and dose-response information is lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the effect and time course of changes in markers of chronic inflammation in response to progressive exercise training (and subsequent detraining). Forty-one sedentary men 45–64 yr of age completed either a progressive 24-wk exercise intervention or control followed by short-term removal of the intervention (2-wk detraining). Serum IL-6 fell by −0.4 pg/ml (SD 0.6) after 12 wk and responded to moderate-intensity exercise. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity fell −7 U/l (SD 11) at 24 wk although there was no evidence of any change by week 12 (and therefore ALT required more vigorous-intensity activity and/or a more prolonged intervention). The effect on IL-6 was lost after 2-wk detraining whereas the change in ALT was retained. The temporal fall and rise in IL-6 with training and subsequent detraining in men with high IL-6 at baseline provided a retrospective opportunity to examine parallel genomic changes in peripheral mononuclear cells. A subset of 53 probes was differentially regulated by at least twofold after training with 31 of these changes being lost after detraining ( n = 6). IL-6 responded quickly to the carefully monitored exercise intervention (within weeks) and required only moderate-intensity exercise, whereas ALT took longer to change and/or required more vigorous-intensity exercise. Further work is required to determine whether any of the genes that temporally changed in parallel with changes in IL-6 are a cause or consequence of this response.

STAT3 phosphorylation inhibition for treating inflammation and new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungsin Jo ◽  
Eun Jeong Won ◽  
Moon-Ju Kim ◽  
Yu Jeong Lee ◽  
So-Hee Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Osteoprogenitor Cells ◽  
Suppression Effect ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation

Abstract Objective AS is a rheumatic disease characterized by chronic inflammation and bony ankylosis. This study was to evaluate whether a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation inhibitor (stat3-p Inh) could treat both chronic inflammation and bone formation in AS. Methods Primary AS osteoprogenitor cells and spinal entheseal cells were examined for osteogenic differentiation. SF mononuclear cells (SFMCs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) were obtained from AS patients. Inflammatory cytokine-producing cells were analysed using flow cytometry and ELISA. Female SKG mice were treated with stat3-p Inh, IL-17A blocker or vehicle. Inflammation and new bone formation were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, PET and micro-CT. Results In the SKG mouse model, stat3-p Inh significantly suppressed arthritis, enthesitis, spondylitis and ileitis. In experiments culturing SFMCs and LPMCs, the frequencies of IFN-γ-, IL-17A- and TNF-α-producing cells were significantly decreased after stat3-p Inh treatment. When comparing current treatments for AS, stat3-p Inh showed a comparable suppression effect on osteogenesis to Janus kinase inhibitor or IL-17A blocker in AS-osteoprogenitor cells. Stat3-p Inh suppressed differentiation and mineralization of AS-osteoprogenitor cells and entheseal cells toward osteoblasts. Micro-CT analysis of hind paws revealed less new bone formation in stat3-p Inh-treated mice than vehicle-treated mice (P = 0.005). Hind paw and spinal new bone formation were similar between stat3-p Inh- and anti-IL-17A-treated SKG mice (P = 0.874 and P = 0.117, respectively). Conclusion Stat-3p inhibition is a promising treatment for both inflammation and new bone formation in AS.

High antigen reactivity in mononuclear cells from sites of chronic inflammation

The Lancet ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 336 (8728) ◽  
pp. 1406-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C.M. Res ◽  
D. Telgt ◽  
RR.P. de Vries ◽  
J.M van Laar ◽  
F.C. Breedveld
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

scholarly journals Low-fat yogurt consumption reduces biomarkers of chronic inflammation and inhibits markers of endotoxin exposure in healthy premenopausal women: a randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. 1043-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruisong Pei ◽  
Diana M. DiMarco ◽  
Kelley K. Putt ◽  
Derek A. Martin ◽  
Qinlei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Endotoxin Exposure

AbstractThe anti-inflammatory mechanisms of low-fat dairy product consumption are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether low-fat yogurt reduces biomarkers of chronic inflammation and endotoxin exposure in women. Premenopausal women (BMI 18·5–27 and 30–40 kg/m2) were randomised to consume 339 g of low-fat yogurt (yogurt non-obese (YN); yogurt obese (YO)) or 324 g of soya pudding (control non-obese; control obese (CO)) daily for 9 weeks (n 30/group). Fasting blood samples were analysed for IL-6, TNF-α/soluble TNF II (sTNF-RII), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, anandamide, monocyte gene expression, soluble CD14 (sCD14), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS binding protein (LBP), IgM endotoxin-core antibody (IgM EndoCAb), and zonulin. BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure were also determined. After 9-week yogurt consumption, YO and YN had decreased TNF-α/sTNFR-RII. Yogurt consumption increased plasma IgM EndoCAb regardless of obesity status. sCD14 was not affected by diet, but LBP/sCD14 was lowered by yogurt consumption in both YN and YO. Yogurt intervention increased plasma 2-arachidonoylglycerol in YO but not YN. YO peripheral blood mononuclear cells expression of NF-κB inhibitor α and transforming growth factor β1 increased relative to CO at 9 weeks. Other biomarkers were unchanged by diet. CO and YO gained approximately 0·9 kg in body weight. YO had 3·6 % lower diastolic blood pressure at week 3. Low-fat yogurt for 9 weeks reduced biomarkers of chronic inflammation and endotoxin exposure in premenopausal women compared with a non-dairy control food. This trial was registered as NCT01686204.

Relationship of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and immune suppression, nutritional impairment, and inflammatory markers in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 675-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Shibata ◽  
Kenji Gonda ◽  
Izumi Nakamura ◽  
Shinji Ohki ◽  
Kenichi Sakurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Immune Suppressor Cells

675 Background: A suppression of cell mediated immunity and malnutrition are commonly seen in patients with advanced cancer and it has been reported that chronic inflammation plays a key role in induction of these conditions. MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cells, found as a new type of immune suppressor cells that is closely related to chronic inflammation, have reported to be present in blood circulation in patients with cancer. MDSC have been reported to suppress immune function through several pathways. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 18 normal healthy volunteers, and 53 patients with gastrointestinal cancer including 5 patients with esophageal, 16 with gastric, 26 with colorectal, 3 with bile duct, 1 with pancreatic and 1 with hepatocellular carcinomas, and these cells were used for the detection of MDSC (CD11b+CD14-CD33+) by flow cytometry. PBMC was also used for the PHA-blastogenesis of lymphocytes which is a marker of cell mediated immunity (stimulation indices: SI). Results: MDSC(%PBMC) of whole patients with gastrointestinal cancer, those with gastric cancer and those with colorectal cancer were higher than those of healthy volunteer (3.76+4.90%, 5.18+1.86%, 4.21+1.43% vs 1.59+1.08%, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.10, respectively). MDSC of patients with gastrointestinal cancer were also inversely correlated to the SI (r=−0.271, p<0.05) and to the serum concentrations of total protein (r=−0.490, p<0.005). It also tended to correlate to neutrophil counts (r=0.287, p<0.10) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (NLR, r=0.623, p=0.10), and inversely did to lymphocyte counts (r=−0.251, p<0.10).Thus MDSC was successfully detected in peripheral blood and was significantly higher in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. It was related to the inhibition of cell-mediated immunity, hypoaproteinemia and inflammatory markers such as NLR. Conclusions: MDSC seemed to work in the mechanisms of suppression of immune reaction and malnutrition, typically seen in cancer cachexia, in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and may be important as a marker of advancement of malignant diseases.

scholarly journals The Association between Salt and Potential Mediators of the Gastric Precancerous Process

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Thapa ◽  
Lori A. Fischbach ◽  
Robert Delongchamp ◽  
Mohammed F. Faramawi ◽  
Mohammed Orloff
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Epithelial Damage ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Added Salt

Background: The process by which salt affects the gastric precancerous process has not been adequately studied in humans. Methods: We investigated the effects of salt on gastric inflammation, epithelial damage, the density of Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastric epithelial cell proliferation, all of which may be mediators between salt and gastric precancerous/cancerous lesions. These potential mediators were measured using gastric biopsies as: (a) the density of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells (gastric inflammation), (b) mucus depletion (gastric epithelial damage), and (c) the severity of H. pylori infection. Salt intake was measured with spot urine samples (using urinary sodium/creatinine ratios), self-reported frequency of adding salt to food, and as total added salt. Results: The average sodium/creatinine ratio (at baseline and post-treatment at five months) was associated with increased epithelial damage over the 12-year follow-up period among those with a greater severity of chronic inflammation and among those with continued H. pylori infection after treatment at five months. This association was stronger when both severe gastric inflammation and H. pylori infection were present at five months (ß: 1.112, 95% CI: 0.377, 1.848). Conclusion: In humans, salt was associated with an increase in epithelial damage in stomachs with more severe previous H. pylori-induced chronic inflammation.

SP-5. Radiolabelled interleukin-2 scintigraphy for imaging CD25+ mononuclear cells in chronic inflammation

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
A. Signore ◽  
L. Biancone ◽  
F. Pallone ◽  
E. Bonanno ◽  
M. Chianelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2

NLRP3 inflammasome activation in coronary artery disease: results from prospective and randomized study of treatment with atorvastatin or rosuvastatin

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Satoh ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tabuchi ◽  
Tomonori Itoh ◽  
Motoyuki Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Artery Disease

The NLRP-3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3) inflammasome has recently emerged as a pivotal regulator of chronic inflammation. The aim of the present study was to determine whether NLRP3 inflammasome is expressed in patients with CAD (coronary artery disease) and whether statins (atorvastatin or rosuvastatin) might affect NLRP3 levels. In an in vitro study, human THP-1 cells treated with statins were analysed for NLRP3 inflammasome levels. The present study included 60 patients with CAD and 30 subjects without CAD (non-CAD). Patients with CAD randomly received either 8 months of treatment with atorvastatin or rosuvastatin. PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) were obtained from peripheral blood at baseline and after 8 months of statin therapy. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, IL (interleukin)-1β and IL-18 were measured by real-time RT–PCR (reverse transcription–PCR) and FACS. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome were higher in the CAD group than in the non-CAD group. There was a positive correlation between NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) levels. A randomized clinical study has shown that atorvastatin markedly diminished NLRP3 inflammasome levels, whereas rosuvastatin had no impact on these levels. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome decreased in THP-1 cells treated with statins compared with those treated with vehicle, and the fold changes in NLRP3 inflammasome were higher in THP-1 cells treated with atorvastatin compared with those treated with rosuvastatin. The present study suggests that atorvastatin down-regulates NLRP3 inflammasome expression in CAD, possibly contributing to the inhibitory effects of atorvastatin on chronic inflammation and atherogenic progression in this disorder.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document