A review of the use of synthetic pyrethroids in public health and vector pest control

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids

Interactions between fungicides, insecticides and spraying regimes in the control of fungal diseases, insect pests and yield of cow pea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Oladiran ◽  
B. A. Oso
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Maruca Testulalis ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Brown Blotch ◽  
Web Blight

SUMMARYThe fungicides benomyl and captafol separately were tank mixed with each of the insecticides decis (decamethrin), permethrin, and cypermethrin (synthetic pyrethroids) and nuvacron (monocrotophos). The mixtures were tested as foliar sprays at three spraying regimes to protect cow-pea plants against pod and foliar diseases and insect pod borers.Two sprays, 1·5 kg a. i. /ha of benomyl mixed with 0·75 kg a. i. /tia of monocrotophos at 35 and 49 days after planting, gave the best control of brown blotch, web blight, Cercospora leaf spot and the pod borer, Maruca testulalis. This regime also gave the highest grain yield for two consecutive years. The mixtures were not phytotoxic. Interactions between the test fungicides, insecticides and spraying regimes in relation to disease and pest control and yields are discussed.

Biologically based methods of pest control: Contributions to a sustainable agriculture

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Garth Youngberg ◽  
Richard Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
And Control ◽  
Policy Communities ◽  
The U.S

Concern continues to rise over the adverse effects of the excessive use of chemically based agricultural pesticides, including herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides. Important members of the U.S. agricultural scientific, producer, and policy communities have added their voices to those in the environmental, consumer, and public health arenas in pointing to the need for more benign and cost effective methods and systems of pest management and control. Indeed, the urgent need to further enhance the efficacy and use of such varied, yet interrelated, approaches to pest control as pathogens, predators, and parasites (traditional biological control), and such biologically based techniques as host plant resistance, natural plant products, semiochemicals, and autocidal methods, is now widely recognized in most agricultural circles.

scholarly journals Multi-Year Mass-Trapping With Autocidal Gravid Ovitraps has Limited Influence on Insecticide Susceptibility in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Puerto Rico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan R Hemme ◽  
Eric A Smith ◽  
Gilberto Felix ◽  
Bradley J White ◽  
Marta I Diaz-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Insecticide Susceptibility ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract Mass-trapping has been used to control outbreaks of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Puerto Rico since 2011. We investigated the effect of multi-year, insecticide-free mass trapping had on the insecticide susceptibility profile of Ae. aegypti. Eggs collected in southern Puerto Rico were used to generate F1 populations that were tested for susceptibility to permethrin, sumethrin, bifenthrin, deltamethrin, and malathion according to CDC bottle bioassays protocols. All populations of Ae. aegypti were resistant to the synthetic pyrethroids and mosquitoes from two locations were partially resistant to malathion. Population genetic analysis, using a double digest restriction sites associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) approach, indicated a large amount of migration between study sites effectively homogenizing the mosquito populations. Mass-trapping using noninsecticidal autocidal gravid ovitraps did not restore susceptibility to five active ingredients that are found in commercial insecticides. Migration between communities was high and would have brought outside alleles, including resistant alleles to the treatment communities. Further investigation suggests that household use of commercially available insecticide products may continue to select for resistance in absence of public health space spraying of insecticides.

scholarly journals Dichlorvos toxicity: A public health perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henshaw Uchechi Okoroiwu ◽  
Iwara Arikpo Iwara
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Toxicological Effects

Abstract Pesticides are used in agriculture and in domestic pest control. Dichlorvos, an organophosphate, is a predominant pesticide used in domestic insect control in developing countries. Acute and prolonged exposure may lead to death, genotoxic, neurological, reproductive, carcinogenic, immunological, hepatic, renal, respiratory, metabolic, dermal and other systemic effects. Its toxicity is due to the ability of the compound to inhibit acetyl cholinesterase at cholinergic junction of the nervous system. This study is a review of the toxicological effects of dichlorvos in a public health perspective.

scholarly journals Investigation of Susceptibility Levels of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations to Synthetic Pyrethroids in Antalya Province of Turkey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onder Ser ◽  
Huseyin Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
The World ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Background: Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) is an important vector of several pathogens. This mosquito is widely distributed throughout the world. We aimed to determine the susceptibility levels of Cx. pipiens populations to some synthetic pyrethroid insecticides in Antalya, Turkey. Methods: The immature stages of mosquitoes were collected from eight locations in Alanya, Döşemealtı, Kemer, Kumluca, and Manavgat districts of Antalya between Apr and Oct of 2017. Adult susceptibility tests were carried out according to a modified version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention bottle bioassay. In the tests, the World Health Organization recommended diagnostic doses; permethrin (0.75%), etofenprox (0.5%), deltamethrin (0.05%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%) were used. Results: As a result of the susceptibility tests, deltamethrin was the least effective insecticide and it caused 58.78–97.56% mortalities on Cx. pipiens populations while permethrin was the most effective substance that caused 100% mortality on all populations. While all of the tested populations were found susceptible to permethrin, and possible resistant or resistant to deltamethrin. Etofenprox and lambda-cyhalothrin led to 91.54–100% and 93.1–100% mortali­ties, respectively. Conclusion: The possible resistance or resistance to deltamethrin in all the areas is caused by the widespread use of this chemical against pests in agriculture and public health applications for long-term. Moreover, a concordance was found between resistance levels and the intensity of pesticide application in agriculture and public health, and organic and chemical pollution levels in the sampled habitats.

scholarly journals Licensing of Public Health Pest Control Applicators in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Fishel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Health Significance

PI-169, a 4-page illustrated fact sheet by Frederick M. Fishel, describes the law governing those who make pesticide applications for wide-area mosquito control or for control of other arthropods of public health significance, including midges, sand flies, dog flies, yellow flies, house flies, etc. Includes sources of additional information. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, January 2009.

scholarly journals Monitoring Pesticide Residues in Egyptian Fruits and Vegetables in 1995

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 948-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Ashraf M El-Marsafy ◽  
Safaa M Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Codex Committee ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues

Abstract Organophosphorus, dithiocarbamates, and some synthetic pyrethroids pesticides, which are commonly used in Egypt for pest control, were monitored, as well as persistent organochlorines, which had been prohibited from use several years ago. Fruit and vegetable samples (397) were collected from 8 local markets and examined for 52 pesticides. Of all analyzed samples, 42.8% contained detectable residues, of which 1.76% exceeded their maximum residue limits (MRLs). The rates of contamination with the different pesticides were 0-86%. However, violation rates among contaminated products were very low, ranging from 0 to 4.6%. In general, organochlorine pesticide residues were not detected in most samples. Dithiocarbamate residues were found in 70.4% of 98 samples analyzed for dithiocarbamates, but only one grape sample had residues exceeding the MRL established by the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues.

Synthetic pyrethroids on cotton: a spray application strategy

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Morton
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Residual Properties ◽  
Spray Timing ◽  
Management Choice ◽  
Cotton Pest

The pyrethroids are a new class of insecticide in cotton pest control and it is essential that they should be used wisely and to maximum effect. A strategy is proposed which is based on the residual properties of the pyrethroids, and which takes into account variety and crop management, choice of equipment, spray timing and spray frequency. Penetration and under-leaf cover can be helped by using smaller droplets, spraying in turbulence and when the wind is towards the sun.

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