Biologically based methods of pest control: Contributions to a sustainable agriculture

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Garth Youngberg ◽  
Richard Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
And Control ◽  
Policy Communities ◽  
The U.S

Concern continues to rise over the adverse effects of the excessive use of chemically based agricultural pesticides, including herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides. Important members of the U.S. agricultural scientific, producer, and policy communities have added their voices to those in the environmental, consumer, and public health arenas in pointing to the need for more benign and cost effective methods and systems of pest management and control. Indeed, the urgent need to further enhance the efficacy and use of such varied, yet interrelated, approaches to pest control as pathogens, predators, and parasites (traditional biological control), and such biologically based techniques as host plant resistance, natural plant products, semiochemicals, and autocidal methods, is now widely recognized in most agricultural circles.

NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-641
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
State Health ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
And Control ◽  
The U.S

Course on Tuberculosis: A course on Tuberculosis Today will be offered six times during 1971 by the U.S. Public Health Services Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia. The course is intended for health workers who are responsible for the management and control of tuberculosis, and for those responsible for providing teaching or training in the fields of tuberculosis or infectious disease. No fees are charged for these courses. Application forms can be obtained from State Health Departments, HEW Regional Offices, or the Tuberculosis Branch, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.

scholarly journals Integrating Advanced Molecular Technologies into Public Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Gwinn ◽  
Duncan R. MacCannell ◽  
Rima F. Khabbaz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Advances in laboratory and information technologies are transforming public health microbiology. High-throughput genome sequencing and bioinformatics are enhancing our ability to investigate and control outbreaks, detect emerging infectious diseases, develop vaccines, and combat antimicrobial resistance, all with increased accuracy, timeliness, and efficiency. The Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative has allowed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide leadership and coordination in integrating new technologies into routine practice throughout the U.S. public health laboratory system. Collaboration and partnerships are the key to navigating this transition and to leveraging the next generation of methods and tools most effectively for public health.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pullorum: A potential hurdle emerging pathogen for public health

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1225-1230
Author(s):  
Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Undercooked Meat

Emerging zoonotic pathogens gain more attention due to the adverse effects on human and animal’s health and productivity. One of these zoonotic pathogens is Helicobacter pullorum (H. pullorum) which was firstly diagnosed in 1994. This bacterium is enterpathogenic in poultry and contaminates the carcasses meat during processing or improper handling. Human can get H. pullorum infection mainly through mishandling of contaminated carcasses or consumption of undercooked meat. Infection of H. pullorum in human is associated with gastroenteritis and hepatitis. Diagnosis of H. pullorum is very difficult as misdiagnosis with other enteric zoonotic pathogens like Campylobacter and other Helicobacter species is common. Unlike other types of Helicobacter, there are little information and few researches regarding prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnosis and control of H. pullorum infection either animals or human. Accordingly, this review article was prepared to give more details about H. pullorum sources of infection, pathogenicity, incidence in poultry and human as well as its treatment.

scholarly journals Recovery From Alcohol and Other Drug Problems in the U.S. Population: Prevalence, Pathways, and Predictors

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
John Kelly ◽  
Brandon Bergman ◽  
Bettina Hoeppner ◽  
David Eddie ◽  
Corrie Vilsaint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
The U.S

The concept of "recovery" has become the organizing paradigm in many middle and high income countries globally with a goal of orienting services in cost effective ways to help sufferers achieve and maintain long term remission. Despite this focus, little is known from an epidemiological and public health perspective about the prevalence, pathways, and predictors of recovery, and the changes that ensue in quality of life and functioning with time in recovery. Using data from the recent National Recovery Study, this talk reviewed a variety of findings on all of these aspects of recovery from significant alcohol and other drug problems.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Zoonotic and Reverse Zoonotic Potential of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Muneer ◽  
Tean Zaheer ◽  
Aqsa Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Amjad Islam Aqib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Time ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
And Control

The demographic patterns of COVID-19 spread can provide clues to develop roadmaps for devising better prevention and control. It is high time to analyze and re-evaluate the zoonotic/reverse zoonotic spread of SARS-CoV-2 globally. To this end, lessons from epidemiology and associated determinants from previous outbreaks of SARS-CoV-1 and MERS need to be cultured and re-visited. Ways to minimize the rates of infection and promote the well-being of the masses need urgent attention owing to the subsequent waves of the global pandemic in most countries. Efforts are being directed for the provision of efficient and cost-effective diagnostics, prophylaxis and therapeutic options for COVID-19. The chapter provides insights, suggesting a potential roadmap for efficiently preventing the future outbreaks of COVID-19, based on the tools of epidemiology, transmission probabilities and public health safety concerns.

scholarly journals An economic evaluation of Influenza and COVID -19 pandemic prevention and control interventions: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Yigezu ◽  
Mezgebu Yitayal ◽  
Alemnesh Mirkuzie ◽  
Zekarias Getu ◽  
Alemayehu Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

Abstract Background: COVID-19 causes more 1.3 million deaths globally in just nine months. Influenza is a virus with respiratory symptoms, fever, and systemic symptoms very similar to COVID 19. Various public health measures have been taken by governments and health authorities to prevent and control the pandemics. This study aimed to review the economic evaluation of public health measures against COVID-19 and influenza pandemics.Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature to identify full economic evaluation studies on Influenza and COVID-19 pandemic published from 1998-2020. We built an exhaustive database search strategy. The search was done in Pubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE databases, and grey literature. We extracted data from selected studies using a structured data collection form after conducting a risk of bias assessment. Narrative summary tables were used to present the result and characteristics of eligible studies. Furthermore, we converted findings of studies that reported their outcome in costs per case averted and death averted into costs per life-year gained. All cost and Cost-effectiveness ratios were converted to 2019 US dollars using the exchange rate and GDP deflator. The study was registered in PROSPERO with registration No. CRD42020192384.Results: The review revealed that most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries, and only few of the studies were on non-pharmaceutical interventions. Stockpiling drugs for the treatment of sick patients was found cost-effective in most of the studies. Treatment with antiviral drugs and vaccination were found very cost-effective. The addition of school closure to other interventions was considered cost-effective only for a pandemic with a high case fatality ratio. Almost all interventions were sensitive to the infectivity and severity of the pandemic. Most of the studies were also cost-effective from the societal perspective indicating a higher net societal benefit from the pandemic prevention and control strategies.Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the interventions were cost-effective under various scenarios while school closure was cost-effective under a 'high case-fatality 'ratio' scenario only. Furthermore, the level of the pandemic's infectivity and severity were the key drivers of the cost-effectiveness of both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions.

Situational Strategic Awareness Monitoring Surveillance System–Microcomputer and Microcomputer Clustering used for Intelligent, Economical, Scalable, and Deployable Approach for Safeguarding Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 60408-1-60408-10
Author(s):  
Kenly Maldonado ◽  
Steve Simske
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Intelligent Surveillance ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
And Control

The principal objective of this research is to create a system that is quickly deployable, scalable, adaptable, and intelligent and provides cost-effective surveillance, both locally and globally. The intelligent surveillance system should be capable of rapid implementation to track (monitor) sensitive materials, i.e., radioactive or weapons stockpiles and person(s) within rooms, buildings, and/or areas in order to predict potential incidents proactively (versus reactively) through intelligence, locally and globally. The system will incorporate a combination of electronic systems that include commercial and modifiable off-the-shelf microcomputers to create a microcomputer cluster which acts as a mini supercomputer which leverages real-time data feed if a potential threat is present. Through programming, software, and intelligence (artificial intelligence, machine learning, and neural networks), the system should be capable of monitoring, tracking, and warning (communicating) the system observer operations (command and control) within a few minutes when sensitive materials are at potential risk for loss. The potential customer is government agencies looking to control sensitive materials and/or items in developing world markets intelligently, economically, and quickly.

Role of Rasayana in Prevention of COVID-19 - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 716-722
Author(s):  
Sneha Dhakite ◽  
Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
And Control

The “Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)” is caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, a newly discovered member of the Coronaviridae family of viruses which is a highly communicable. There is no effective medical treatment till date for Coronavirus disease hence prevention is the best way to keep disease away. Rasayana proved to be highly efficacious and cost effective for the Prevention and Control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are lacking. Rasayana Chikitsa is one of the eight branches of Ashtanga Ayurveda which helps to maintain healthy life style. Rasayana improves immunity and performs many vital functions of human body. Vyadhikshamatva that is immune mechanism of the body is involved in Prevention of the occurrence of a new disease and it also decreases the virulence and progression of an existing disease. In COVID-19 the Respiratory system mainly get affected which is evident from its symptoms like cold, cough and breathlessness. Here the drugs help in enhancing immune system and strengthening functions of Respiratory system can be useful. For this purpose, the Rasayana like Chyavanprasha, Agastya Haritaki, Pippali Rasayana, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haridra, Ashwagandha, Tulsi are used. Rasayana working on Respiratory system are best for Prevention of Coronavirus and boosting immune system. Rasayana Chikitsa can be effective in the Prevention as well as reducing symptoms of COVID-19.

Strengthening of occupational health promotion by the German Prevention Health Care Act

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Diana Hart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Occupational Health Promotion ◽  
And Control

All countries are faced with the problem of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD): implement prevention strategies eff ectively, keep up the momentum with long term benefi ts at the individual and the population level, at the same time tackling hea lth inequalities. Th e aff ordability of therapy and care including innovative therapies is going to be one of the key public health priorities in the years to come. Germany has taken in the prevention and control of NCDs. Germany’s health system has a long history of guaranteeing access to high-quality treatment through universal health care coverage. Th r ough their membership people are entitled to prevention and care services maintaining and restoring their health as well as long term follow-up. Like in many other countries general life expectancy has been increasing steadily in Germany. Currently, the average life expectancy is 83 and 79 years in women and men, respectively. Th e other side of the coin is that population aging is strongly associated with a growing burden of disease from NCDs. Already over 70 percent of all deaths in Germany are caused by four disease entities: cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes. Th ese diseases all share four common risk factors: smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity and overweight. At the same time, more and more people become long term survivors of disease due to improved therapy and care. Th e German Government and public health decision makers are aware of the need for action and have responded by initiating and implementing a wide spectrum of activities. One instrument by strengthening primary prevention is the Prevention Health Care Act. Its overarching aim is to prevent NCDs before they can manifest themselves by strengthening primary prevention and health promotion in diff erent sett ings. One of the main emphasis of the Prevention Health Care Act is the occupational health promotion at the workplace.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document