ABC Transporters, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, and Adult Stem Cells

2011 ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi J. Guppy ◽  
Linda J. Nicholson ◽  
Malcolm R. Alison
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Adult Stem Cells

scholarly journals ABC transporters confer multidrug resistance to Drosophila intestinal stem cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Dayton ◽  
Jonathan DiRusso ◽  
Kristopher Kolbert ◽  
Olivia Williamson ◽  
Aiste Balciunaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Intestinal Stem Cells ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs

ABSTRACTAdult stem cells can survive a wide variety of insults from ionizing radiation to toxic chemicals1–3. To date, the multidrug resistant features of stem cells have been characterized only in vertebrates, where there is a critical need to understand how cancer stem cells thwart chemotherapy drugs4–6. These studies reveal that the ability of both normal and cancer stem cells to survive toxins hinges on their high levels of expression of ABC transporters, transmembrane pumps that efflux lipophilic compounds out of cells7,8. This has been observed across a wide spectrum of vertebrate stem cells including breast, blood, intestine, liver, and skin, suggesting that high efflux ability and multidrug resistance may be general features of stem cells that distinguish them from their differentiated daughter cells. Here we show that these previously described vertebrate stem cell features are conserved in Drosophila intestinal stem cells. Using a novel in vivo efflux assay and multiple drug challenges, we show that stem cells in the fly intestine depend on two ABC transporters—one constitutively expressed and the other induced—for efflux and multidrug resistance. These results suggest that stem cell multidrug resistance by ABC transporters is a general stem cell feature conserved over 500 million years of evolution.

Cellular cardiomyoplasty using embryonic cardiomyocytes and adult stem cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (S 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Röll ◽  
T Hashemi ◽  
M Breitbach ◽  
O Dewald ◽  
A Welz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Cardiomyoplasty ◽  
Embryonic Cardiomyocytes

Adult Stem Cells and Biocompatible Scaffolds as Smart Drug Delivery Tools for Cardiac Tissue Repair

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (28) ◽  
pp. 3429-3447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Pagliari ◽  
Sara Romanazzo ◽  
Diogo Mosqueira ◽  
Perpetua Pinto-do-O ◽  
Takao Aoyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Smart Drug ◽  
Smart Drug Delivery

Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Key Features You Need to be Aware of.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeedi ◽  
Muhammad Sadeqi Nezhad ◽  
Fatemeh Mehranfar ◽  
Mahdieh Golpour ◽  
Mohammad Ali Esakandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Cartilage Cells ◽  
Biological Aspects

: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a form of adult stem cells, are known to have a self-renewing property and the potential to specialize into a multitude of cells and tissues such as adipocytes, cartilage cells, and fibroblasts. MSCs can migrate and home to the desired target zone where inflammation is present. The unique characteristics of MSCs in repairing, differentiation, regeneration, and its high capacity of immune modulation has attracted tremendous attention for exerting them in clinical purposes, as they contribute to tissue regeneration process and anti-tumor activity. The MSCs-based treatment has demonstrated remarkable applicability towards various diseases such as heart and bone malignancies, and cancer cells. Importantly, genetically engineered MSCs, as a state-of-the-art therapeutic approach, could address some clinical hurdles by systemic secretion of cytokines and other agents with a short half-life and high toxicity. Therefore, understanding the biological aspects and the characteristics of MSCs is an imperative issue of concern. Herein, we provide an overview of the therapeutic application and the biological features of MSCs against different inflammatory diseases and cancer cells. We further shed light on MSCs physiological interaction, such as migration, homing, and tissue repairing mechanisms with different healthy and inflamed tissues.

Application of Nanomaterials in Regulating the Fate of Adipose-derived Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Lang Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Maorui Zhang ◽  
Kui Huang ◽  
Shuanglin Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
New Treatment

Adipose-derived stem cells are adult stem cells which are easy to obtain and multi-potent. Stem-cell therapy has become a promising new treatment for many diseases, and plays an increasingly important role in the field of tissue repair, regeneration and reconstruction. The physicochemical properties of the extracellular microenvironment contribute to the regulation of the fate of stem cells. Nanomaterials have stable particle size, large specific surface area and good biocompatibility, which has led them being recognized as having broad application prospects in the field of biomedicine. In this paper, we review recent developments of nanomaterials in adipose-derived stem cell research. Taken together, the current literature indicates that nanomaterials can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. However, the properties and regulatory effects of nanomaterials can vary widely depending on their composition. This review aims to provide a comprehensive guide for future stem-cell research on the use of nanomaterials.

The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-638
Author(s):  
Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei ◽  
Fateme Karimi Dermani ◽  
Sara Malih ◽  
Nashmin Fayazi ◽  
Mohsen Sheykhhasan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cellular Source

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including disorders of cardiac muscle and vascular, is the major cause of death globally. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to intervene in the disease's pathogenesis and treatment. Stem cell-based therapies, as a regeneration strategy, cast a new hope for CVD treatment. One of the most well-known stem cells is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), classified as one of the adult stem cells and can be obtained from different tissues. These cells have superior properties, such as proliferation and highly specialized differentiation. On the other hand, they have the potential to modulate the immune system and anti-inflammatory activity. One of their most important features is the secreting the extracellular vesicles (EVs) like exosomes (EXOs) as an intercellular communication system mediating the different physiological and pathophysiological affairs. Methods: In this review study, the importance of MSC and its secretory exosomes for the treatment of heart disease has been together and specifically addressed and the use of these promising natural and accessible agents is predicted to replace the current treatment modalities even faster than we imagine. Results: MSC derived EXOs by providing a pro-regenerative condition allowing innate stem cells to repair damaged tissues successfully. As a result, MSCs are considered as the appropriate cellular source in regenerative medicine. In the plethora of experiments, MSCs and MSC-EXOs have been used for the treatment and regeneration of heart diseases and myocardial lesions. Conclusions: Administration of MSCs has been provided a replacement therapeutic option for heart regeneration, obtaining great attention among the basic researcher and the medical doctors.

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