Performative Architecture and Wooden Structures: Overview on the Main Research Paths in Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 937-969
Author(s):  
Angelo Figliola ◽  
Alessandra Battisti
Keyword(s):  
Main Research ◽  
Wooden Structures

scholarly journals Stress-strain condition of reinforced timber structures with artificially created weakenings

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11003
Author(s):  
Tatiana Shchelokova ◽  
Evgeny Tararushkin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Reinforced Beams ◽  
Wooden Structures

About 20% of the world’s timber grows in Russia, but the huge forest-raw material potential is used inefficiently. The forest industry is modestly represented and the Russian economy brings minimal income. In recent decades, more serious requirements have been placed on building structures, but the quality of lumber has been steadily declining throughout the world. The modern woodworking industry improves the quality of lumber by removing unacceptable wood defects, followed by end gluing of boards to a “mustache” or “toothed joint”. Of all types of joints of wooden elements, the notched adhesive or “toothed joint” provides the best use of their bearing capacity, since it causes less weakening of the cross-section of the elements, which is characteristic of other methods of joining (nailing, bolting, etc.). But along with this, the results of numerous tests showed that in conditions of mass production, the main place of destruction is the “toothed joint” or gear joints (about 50%) in the layers of the structures of the stretched zone. The presence in the most stressed layers of the stretched zone of the bent glued elements of the gear joints leads, as a rule, to the destruction of the elements precisely because of these weaknesses. As a result, there is a need for a more detailed and indepth study of the effect of artificially created weakenings on the work of wooden structures. One of the methods for improving the performance of structures made of low-grade wood is their reinforcement. The purpose of the research is to determine the degree of influence of some artificially created types of attenuation on the stress-strain state of reinforced wooden beams. The main research methods: mathematical calculations, computer modeling in the PC “COSMOS / M”, experiment. The experimental design technique is given [27]. The results are presented in the form of graphs and tables. The main conclusions made after the work: deformability in reinforced beams is 15-20% lower than in unreinforced ones; the destruction of reinforced beams with a weakened cross section occurs without a sharp collapse, due to the supporting effect of the reinforcement in the stretched zone and the reliable connection of the reinforcement with the wood, which provides an adhesive joint up to the destruction of the wood. The safety factor of reinforced wooden structures varies from 3.00 to 5.00.

Social exchange processes, health behaviour, and health behaviour change

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Urte Scholz ◽  
Rainer Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Multi Method Approach

Abstract. The main research areas of the Social and Health Psychology group at the Department of Psychology at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, are introduced. Exemplarily, three currently ongoing projects are described. The project ”Dyadic exchange processes in couples facing dementia” examines social exchanges in couples with the husband suffering from dementia and is based on Equity Theory. This project applies a multi-method approach by combining self-report with observational data. The ”Swiss Tobacco Monitoring System” (TMS) is a representative survey on smoking behaviour in Switzerland. Besides its survey character, the Swiss TMS also allows for testing psychological research questions on smoking with a representative sample. The project, ”Theory-based planning interventions for changing nutrition behaviour in overweight individuals”, elaborates on the concept of planning. More specifically, it is tested whether there is a critical amount of repetitions of a planning intervention (e.g., three or nine times) in order to ensure long-term effects.

The “dividend puzzle” and the Russian stock market. Part 1

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Abramov ◽  
A. D. Radygin ◽  
M. I. Chernova ◽  
R. M. Entov
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
General Context ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Main Research ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Dividend Payments ◽  
Stock Market Performance ◽  
Dividend Irrelevance

This article analyzes the key patterns of the dividend policy and the problem of the “dividend puzzle” in the general context of the development of the stock market in Russia. The article consists of two parts.In the first part we summarize main research trends of dividend policy in modern economic theory (the classical Modigliani—Miller theory of dividend irrelevance, agent and signal hypotheses, the smoothing model, the catering theory, etc.). We emphasize the theoretical analysis of motivation of the largest Russian companies for profit allocation and dividend payout, based on a sample of 236 joint stock companies. Since 2012, a steady increase in dividend payments has been revealed in both private and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The bulk of dividend payments from SOEs accounts for only 12 major companies. Along with an increase in the market value, dividends have become an important factor in the total return on shares. Under current conditions, the probability of paying dividends depends not only on the size of the company and indicators of its’ financial stability, but also on the presence of the state in the capital of companies. However, the relationship between the probability of paying dividends and state participation in the ownership structure is not universal and can be explained by specific factors that go beyond the classical dividend theories.In the second part we will analyze the patterns of stock market performance and dividend policy of the largest Russian companies, motivation for dividend payouts and special aspects of SOEs policy.

Borders, Conflicts and Bargaining in Federations and Communities of Governments

2009 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
A. Libman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Public Authority ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Distribution Of Power

Economic policy in the modern world can be treated as an outcome of interaction of multiple territorial centers of public authority: nation-states, subnational and supranational jurisdictions. In the last decades economics has increased its attention to the factors which influence the distribution of power among jurisdictions. The paper surveys two main research areas in this literature: economics of conflicts and theory of endogenous decentralization. It discusses the basic models of both approaches and their modifications applied in the literature as well as factors of conflict formation and bargaining over devolution.

Artistic-professional strategies in the music sector. The case of the jazz scene in Barcelona

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Marta Casals Balaguer
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Artistic Identity ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

This article aims to analyse the strategies that jazz musicians in Barcelona adopt to develop their artistic careers. It focuses on studying three main areas that influ-ence the construction of their artistic-professional strategies: a) the administrative dimension, characterized mainly by management and promotion tasks; b) the artistic-creative dimension, which includes the construction of artistic identity and the creation of works of art; and c) the social dimension within the collective, which groups together strategies related to the dynamics of cooperation and col-laboration between the circle of musicians. The applied methodology came from a qualitative perspective, and the main research methods were semi-structured inter-views conducted with active professional musicians in Barcelona and from partic-ipant observation.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

OUTDOOR CAMP EFFECTS ON ATHLETES: ORIENTEERING EXAMPLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (104) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Yıldız ◽  
Pınar Güzel ◽  
Fırat Çetinöz ◽  
Tolga Beşikçi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Outdoor Education ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Research Questions

Background. In this research, we aimed to investigate the effects of outdoor camps on orienteering athletes. Methods. The study group consisted of 74 athletes (44 males and 30 females, aged 11.94 ± 1.32 years) who participated in Bolu outdoor camp on the 3 rd –13 th of August, 2015. Interview technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used as data collection tool and content analysis method was used for data analysis. Results. Demographic factors were interpreted after the analysis of the obtained data and three main research questions were discussed under the topics of the views of athletes about the concept of Orienteering which is an outdoor sport, themes and codes regarding the purpose of Orienteering by the students who participated in the outdoor camp, and themes and codes about the outcomes of Orienteering for the students who participated in outdoor camps. Conclusion. It is suggested that a policy must be developed within the Ministry of Youth and Sport and Sport Federations in order to disseminate more deliberate and more comprehensive outdoor education among young people and measures should be taken to provide extensive participation.

El Prestige: comparativa de los regímenes internacionales de responsabilidad civil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Raquel Fernández González ◽  
Marcos Íñigo Pérez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Civil Responsibility ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Prestige

The return of institutions to the main research agenda has highlighted the importance of rules in economic analysis. The New Institutional Economics has allowed a better understanding of the case studies that concern different areas of knowledge, also the one concerning the management of natural resources. In this article, the institutional analysis focuses on the maritime domain, where two large civil liability regimes for pollution coexist (OPA 90-IMO), each in a different geographical area (United States - Europe). Therefore, a comparative analysis is made between the two large regimes of civil responsibility assignment applying them to the Prestige catastrophe. In this way, the allocation and distribution of responsibilities in the investigation and subsequent judicial process of the Prestige is compared with an alternative scenario in which the applicable compensation instruments are governed by the provisions of the Oil Polution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), in order to establish a rigorous analysis on the effects that the different norms can have in the same scenario. In the comparative established in the case of the Prestige, where the responsibilities were solved very slowly in a judicial process with high transaction costs, the application of rules governed by the OPA 90 would not count with such a high degree of imperfection. This is so, since by applying the preponderance of the evidence existing in OPA 90 there would be no mitigation for the presumed culprits. On the other hand, the agents involved in the sinking would not be limited only to the owner, but also that operators or shipowners would be responsible as well. In addition, the amount of compensation would increase when counting in the damage count the personal damages, the taxes without perceiving and the ecological damage caused in a broad sense, damages not computable in the IMO.

MUSIC KNOWS NO BOUNDARIES: THE CASE OF MME RANGWATO MAGORO

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Masoga
Keyword(s):  
Arts Education ◽  
African Music ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
Apparent Shift

There is an apparent shift that challenges the so-called ‘established music fields’ to begin dialogue with African music perspectives. In the process of such dialogues and developments, there is a need to recast the importance of unmentioned, unsung and uncelebrated indigenous African music practitioners, composers, performers, poets, and praise singers. In this regard, musical arts education and its process cannot eschew broad educational challenges. The paper argues for the place of indigenous musical arts education experts in the current or mainstreamed musical arts processes. Mme Rangwato Magoro, from Malatane village in the greater Ga-Seloane community, is included as the main research collaborator in this brief piece of work.

AN INDUCTIVELY DERIVED RESEARCH FRAMEWORK FOR STUDENT SATISFACTION IN ODL: THE HIGHER EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-57
Author(s):  
Marry Mdakane ◽  
Christo J. Els ◽  
A. Seugnet Blignaut
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Written Narratives ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Education Environment

Student satisfaction, as a key psychological-affective outcome of tertiary education, is a direct measure of the success of Open Distance Learning (ODL). It is therefore vital for ODL Higher Education Institutions to assess and improve student satisfaction constantly. Existing theories on student satisfaction are mostly derived from deductive research, i.e. from research that considers the existing body of knowledge, followed by an investigation of a specific aspect or component, in order to reach a specific conclusion. We, however, maintain the inductive stance that a research framework for student satisfaction in ODL should be derived from students themselves. Accordingly, we purposively collected qualitative data from N=34 South African postgraduate ODL students, representative of various cultural language groups, with regard to student satisfaction. Supported by Atlas.ti, we composed an integrated dataset comprised of students’ responses to two focus-group interviews, as well as students’ written narratives in response to qualitative questions. Through meticulous qualitative data-analysis, we detected data categories, sub-categories, patterns and regularities in the integrated dataset. Theories and findings from the existing corpus of knowledge pertaining to student satisfaction in ODL illuminated our qualitative findings. This paper reports on the knowledge we gained from our participants pertaining to their student satisfaction with the Higher Education (HE) environment, the first of three main research components of an inductively derived research framework for student satisfaction in ODL.

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