Action Research: An Essential Approach to the Development of the Agricultural Field of the Mitidja Plain, North of Algeria, and Comparisons with Other Territories in Developed Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Azzeddine Bellout ◽  
Antonia Bousbaine ◽  
Chérine Akkari ◽  
Christopher Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Field

scholarly journals Assessment of land cover on soil erosion in Lam Phra Phloeng watershed by USLE model

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatuwat Wattanasetpong ◽  
Uma Seeboonruang ◽  
Uba Sirikaew ◽  
Walter Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Land Cover Data

Soil loss due to surface erosion has been a global problem not just for developing countries but also for developed countries. One of the factors that have greatest impact on soil erosion is land cover. The purpose of this study is to estimate the long-term average annual soil erosion in the Lam Phra Phloeng watershed, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand with different source of land cover by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and GIS (30 m grid cells) to calculate the six erosion factors (R, K, L, S, C, and P) of USLE. Land use data are from Land Development Department (LDD) and ESA Climate Change Initiative (ESA/CCI) in 2015. The result of this study show that mean soil erosion by using land cover from ESA/CCI is less than LDD (29.16 and 64.29 ton/ha/year respectively) because soil erosion mostly occurred in the agricultural field and LDD is a local department that survey land use in Thailand thus land cover data from this department have more details than ESA/CCI.

Applying mixed methods action research to explore how public participation in an Indian City could better resolve urban sustainability problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 147675032094366
Author(s):  
Sanskriti Menon ◽  
Janette Hartz-Karp
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Sustainability Problems

Public participation in governance is regarded as a key element in enhancing urban sustainability. While there is a wealth of participation efforts in Indian cities, there are inadequate processes for regular, inclusive, egalitarian, informed and well-structured democratic participation that provide a real say to citizens in public decision-making. ‘Deliberative democracy’ has emerged as one way to improve effective public participation in decision-making, though it is mostly prevalent in developed countries. An action research initiative was implemented over several years in Pune, India. It used mixed methods to introduce and assess the applicability to the Indian urban context of high-quality public deliberations. This article presents a case study of a deliberative democracy initiative, framing the transformative public involvement needed to address sustainability problems. It also shows how the integration of the mixed methods approach in the action research to design and facilitate deliberative participation processes, helped to broaden and deepen understanding, and enhanced the transformative capacity of the research design.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI WHOLE LANGUAGE APPROACH SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBAHASA AWAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI PAUD NON FORMAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Nehru Meha ◽  
Adiyati Fathu Roshonah
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Whole Language ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Early Language ◽  
Average Value

This study was conducted to implementa holistic approach to language (whole language approach) as the development of early language learning model of children aged 5-6 years in Non-Formal early childhood. As commonly known, ordinary people generally narrows aspects of language learning on only one small part of language development include reading and writing. On the other hand, the whole language approach has not been widely known specially applied nearly language learning in early childhood Non-Formal, but if implemented correctly and consistently, this approach is able to foster interest in literacy children naturally and fun. Whole language has been implemented nearly childhood language learning in developed countries that have a high interest in literacy. This study used action research methods by giving the action in each cycle from planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research was carried out in Non-Formal Childhood Education Mawar in South Tangerang January to July 2014. The subjects of this study consisted of 10 children aged 5-6 years were selected based on the observation of pre-cycle. The results of observations processed through data analysis techniques with descriptive statistics, namely to find the percentage and the average value of the initial improvements in language skills acquired through observation, interviews and discussions, as well as document review. The results showed that the implementation of the whole language approach that include simmertion, demonstration, expectation, responsibility, employment, approximation, feedback can improve early reading skills of young children. Based on pre-cycle observations initially beginning literacy percentage of 30.25% is still a child. In the first cycle after the action as much as7 times the meeting obtained by an increase in the percentage amounted to 85.50%. Based on these data showed an increase in the percentage of literacy of the observation of pre-cycle by 55.25%.The implications of this study are expected to approach whole language can be used as the development of early language learning model early childhood 5-6 years in Non-Formal early childhood, because it is natural and fun and developmentally age children. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengimplementasikan pendekatan bahasa holistik (whole language approach) sebagai pengembangan model pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia 5-6 tahun di PAUD Non Formal. Sebagaimana lazim diketahui, masyarakat awam umumnya menyempitkan aspek pembelajaran berbahasa hanya pada salah satu bagian kecil perkembangan bahasa meliputi membaca dan menulis. Di sisi lain, pendekatan whole language belum banyak diketahui apalagi diterapkan di dalam pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia dini di PAUD Non Formal, padahal apabila diimplementasikan secara benar dan konsisten pendekatan ini mampu menumbuhkan minat literasi (keaksaraan) anak secara alamiah dan menyenangkan. Whole language telah diterapkan dalam pembelajaran berbahasa anak usia dini di negara-negara maju yang memiliki minat literasi tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan (action research) dengan memberikan tindakan pada setiap siklus mulai dari perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PAUD Non Formal Mawar Tangerang Selatan pada bulan Januari sampai Juli 2014. Subyek penelitian ini terdiri dari 10 orang anak usia 5-6 tahun yang dipilih berdasar hasil observasi pra siklus. Hasil observasi diolah melalui tekhnik analisis data dengan statistik deskriptif, yaitu mencari persentase dan nilai rata-rata peningkatan kemampuan berbahasa awal yang diperoleh melalui observasi, interview dan diskusi, serta kajian dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendekatan whole language yang meliputi immertion, demonstration, expectation, responsibility, employment, approximation, and feedbackdapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca awal anak usia dini. Berdasarkan observasi pada pra siklus pada awalnya persentase kemampuan membaca permulaan anak masih sebesar 30,25%. Pada siklus I setelah dilakukan tindakan sebanyak 7 kali pertemuan diperoleh peningkatan persentase menjadi sebesar 85,50%. Berdasarkan data tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan persentase kemampuan membaca dari hasil observasi pra siklus sebesar 55,25%. Implikasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan pendekatan whole language dapat dijadikan sebagai pengembangan model pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia dini 5-6 tahun di PAUD Non Formal, karena sifatnya yang alamiah dan menyenangkan serta seusia dengan tahapan perkembangan anak.

Emerging Nutrition Gaps in a World of Affluence - Micronutrient Intake and Status Globally

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Eggersdorfer ◽  
Paul Walter
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
New Science ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Micronutrient Intake

Nutrition is important for human health in all stages of life - from conception to old age. Today we know much more about the molecular basis of nutrition. Most importantly, we have learnt that micronutrients, among other factors, interact with genes, and new science is increasingly providing more tools to clarify this interrelation between health and nutrition. Sufficient intake of vitamins is essential to achieve maximum health benefit. It is well established that in developing countries, millions of people still suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. However, it is far less recognized that we face micronutrient insufficiencies also in developed countries.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Italian Single-Center Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Aleksova ◽  
Rita Belfiore ◽  
Cosimo Carriere ◽  
Salam Kassem ◽  
Salvatore La Carrubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
High Exposure

Abstract. Background: Hypovitaminosis D is a vitamin deficiency that has been increasing in developed countries; it was also suggested as an emerging risk factor for developing of atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction. The primary source of vitamin D is its cutaneous synthesis under exposure to sunlight. It has been suggested that 30 min of sun exposure twice weekly leads to sufficient vitamin D synthesis. The residents of Trieste (Italy) are well-known for their high exposure to sunlight in all seasons. We aimed to investigate the vitamin D status in subjects with acute myocardial infarction living in this area. Methods: Vitamin D status was identified in 478 subjects diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. Results: The median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 14.5 [7.8 - 22.7] ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were present in 324 (68 %) and 107 (22 %) subjects, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was less frequent among subjects enrolled in the period from July to the end of September (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis vitamin D deficiency was predicted by older age (p = 0.02), female gender (p = 0.002), higher body mass index (p = 0.05), autumn/winter sampling (p < 0.001), increased parathyroid hormone (p = 0.03) and alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.003). Conclusions: We observed very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among subjects with myocardial infarction in all seasons of enrollment. However, it was lower in the summer when sun exposure is higher. The exposure to sunlight may be a cost-saving therapeutic strategy for the management of vitamin D deficiency.

Quantification of Vitamin A in Fortified Rapeseed, Groundnut and Soya Oils Using a Simple Portable Device: Comparison to High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Sylvie Avallone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Portable Device ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Assay Precision

Vitamin A deficiency is still one of the major public health problems in least developed countries. Fortification of vegetable oils is a strategy implemented worldwide to prevent this deficiency. For a fortification program to be effective, regular monitoring is necessary to control food quality in the producing units. The reference methods for vitamin A quantification are expensive and time-consuming. A rapid method should be useful for regular assessment of vitamin A in the oil industry. A portable device was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for three plant oils (rapeseed, groundnut, and soya). The device presented a good linearity from 3 to 30 mg retinol equivalents per kg (mg RE.kg- 1). Its limits of detection and quantification were 3 mg RE.kg- 1 for groundnut and rapeseed oils and 4 mg RE.kg- 1 for soya oil. The intra-assay precision ranged from 1.48 % to 3.98 %, considered satisfactory. Accuracy estimated by the root mean squares error ranged from 3.99 to 5.49 and revealed a lower precision than HPLC (0.4 to 2.25). Although it offers less precision than HPLC, the device estimates quickly the vitamin A content of the tested oils from 3 or 4 to 15 mg RE.kg- 1.

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