scholarly journals The Remapping of Forest Governance: From Shareholder to Stakeholder

2020 ◽  
pp. 375-395
Author(s):  
Roger Hayter ◽  
Alex Clapp
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Empirical Question ◽  
Resource Governance

AbstractResource conflicts are widespread features of contemporary globalization. In forestry-related resource peripheries, such as British Columbia (BC), various societal stakeholders are demanding a reform of resource uses away from industrial priorities towards more ecological and cultural ones. Forest conflicts represent institutional clashes that lead to new forms of governance based on new inventories, resource maps, science, and zoning. The authors of this paper analyze the remapping of forest resources in BC as part of broader paradigmatic transformations of society and economy from shareholder to stakeholder models of resource governance, i.e. as a shift in policy-making from hierarchical control by governments and markets to more diffuse, democratic forms of governance. This process is accompanied by institutional innovation and thickening that still need to be assessed for their effectiveness. Whether stakeholder remapping can be certified as good governance remains a context-dependent empirical question.

scholarly journals Policy options for strengthening evidence-informed health policy-making in Iran: overall SASHA project findings

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Bahareh Yazdizadeh ◽  
Leila Doshmangir ◽  
Elham Ehsani-Chimeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Training System ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Road Map

Abstract Background The institutionalization of evidence-informed health policy-making (EIHP) is complex and complicated. It is complex because it has many players and is complicated because its institutionalization will require many changes that will be challenging to make. Like many other issues, strengthening EIHP needs a road map, which should consider challenges and address them through effective, harmonized and contextualized strategies. This study aims to develop a road map for enhancing EIHP in Iran based on steps of planning. Methods This study consisted of three phases: (1) identifying barriers to EIHP, (2) recognizing interventions and (3) measuring the use of evidence in Iran's health policy-making. A set of activities was established for conducting these, including foresight, systematic review and policy dialogue, to identify the current and potential barriers for the first phase. For the second phase, an evidence synthesis was performed through a scoping review, by searching the websites of benchmark institutions which had good examples of EIHP practices in order to extract and identify interventions, and through eight policy dialogues and two broad opinion polls to contextualize the list of interventions. Simultaneously, two qualitative-quantitative studies were conducted to design and use a tool for assessing EIHP in the third phase. Results We identified 97 barriers to EIHP and categorized them into three groups, including 35 barriers on the “generation of evidence” (push side), 41 on the “use of evidence” (pull side) and 21 on the “interaction between these two” (exchange side). The list of 41 interventions identified through evidence synthesis and eight policy dialogues was reduced to 32 interventions after two expert opinion polling rounds. These interventions were classified into four main strategies for strengthening (1) the education and training system (6 interventions), (2) the incentives programmes (7 interventions), (3) the structure of policy support organizations (4 interventions) and (4) the enabling processes to support EIHP (15 interventions). Conclusion The policy options developed in the study provide a comprehensive framework to chart a path for strengthening the country’s EIHP considering both global practices and the context of Iran. It is recommended that operational plans be prepared for road map interventions, and the necessary resources provided for their implementation. The implementation of the road map will require attention to the principles of good governance, with a focus on transparency and accountability.

11. Executives, Bureaucracies, Policy Studies, and Governance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ferdinand
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Network State ◽  
Issue Networks ◽  
Embedded Autonomy ◽  
Policy Communities

This chapter explores the relations between the executive and legislative branches of government, along with their role in formulating government policy. It first describes the general framework of legislature–executive relations before discussing the civil service and its embedded autonomy. It then examines theories of bureaucratic policy-making, with particular emphasis on the problem of facilitating policy innovation, as well as the more recent proliferation of government agencies and the concepts of governance and good governance. It also considers the spread of the domain of policy-making beyond state officials or civil servants to issue networks and policy communities and concludes by analysing the emergence of a ‘network state’ and its implications for civil servants.

scholarly journals CONFLICT OF FOREST RESOURCES AND ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 1483-1490
Author(s):  
Rita Rahmawati ◽  
Arya Hadi Dharmawan ◽  
Rilus Kinseng ◽  
Dudung Darusman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

This study is focused on the adaptation strategy of the local community who has the problem of land rights. In Indonesia, all natural resources are subject to control and to manage by the state. As a ruler of the resources, the Government published any policy which provided revenue for the state, such as giving the right to industrial extraction of logging companies in the forest area. Whereas, many communities' lives depend on the forest. Forest resources are important for the Indonesian economy, as well as for the livelihood of communities who depend on the forest. It finds themselves in situations of conflict. The aim of the study is to analyse adaptation strategy of local community which is in the forest resource conflicts. The study used mix methods. A qualitative method with a focus on ecological adaptation and livelihood strategy, while the quantitative approach stresses defining the meaning of findings or facts that are deconstructed based on the subjective perspective of the researcher. The research held in two site, namely Sungai Utik Forest which Dayak Iban Community and Halimun Salak Mountain National Park which Kasepuhan community live. The result of the research showed that conflict of the forest resources have improved the adaptation strategy of the local community. Although various problems is already attacking them, local community still have loyalty to their tradition. They have own regulation to manage and utilize land, especially for managing forest and rice planting. Faithfulness in carrying this cultural tradition out are their ecological adaptation strategy. Keywords: Adaptation Strategy, Ecological Adaptation, Conflict of Forest Resources, Dayak Iban Community, Kasepuhan Community

scholarly journals Lobbying influence: public consultations and EU policy making

VUZF Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Tatyana Todorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Consultations

The European Commission considers involvement of interest groups as a way to strengthen democratic legitimacy in the European Union (EU). In terms of a strategy for enhancing good governance, the Commission has taken a range of actions to increase civil society inclusion. Whether these measures really add up to democratic legitimacy, however, depends on the allocation of influence among interest groups. In this context, the purpose of this study will be to analyze the distribution of influence by means of a quantitative analysis of submissions via the Commission’s public consultations.

scholarly journals An evaluation of Oshawa's success as a city

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Balluch
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Brand Evaluation ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Growth Evaluation ◽  
Skilled Workforce ◽  
The City

Understanding what makes a city successful will allow city planners to be intentional with their policy making, development, and overall goals. This research examined Nicholas Brooke’s key components of successful cities to develop a framework for measuring success. Success factors that are supported by research include industrial, social and cultural diversity, skilled workforce, mobility, quality of life, culture of innovation, business-friendly, good governance, and a distinctive brand. Evaluation is an important part of learning, growth and future success. The City of Oshawa was evaluated on the basis of these eight factors. This paper has discovered that the City of Oshawa has a weakness in its distinctive branding, business-friendliness, and diversity. It is doing well in terms of having a skilled workforce, mobility, quality of life, and governance and it is excelling in its culture of innovation. Knowing these strengths and weaknesses gives planners and city staff the opportunity to work towards improvement of the struggling factors and leverage their strengths in order to make improvements. Key words: City of Oshawa; success; economic growth; evaluation

scholarly journals Forest governance and development effects on tropical charcoal production and deforestation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanneke van 't Veen ◽  
Vincent G. Vyamana ◽  
Maria Joao Santos
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Informal Governance ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Severe loss and degradation of tropical forests affects ecosystem services and livelihoods. Charcoal, an important energy and income source for millions of people, causes 7% of tropical deforestation and forest degradation. Forest governance aims at managing forest-related issues. On the one hand, development allows for financial investments in forest governance, e.g., in monitoring and enforcement, which the aim to control deforestation. On the other hand, deforestation often continues with increased human wellbeing. Here, we aim to (i) globally examine effects of forest governance on charcoal production and deforestation, and (ii) understand its association with development. We developed a typology of tropical forest governance systems based on a literature review of 54 USAID Country Profiles and combined it with global data on charcoal production, deforestation, governance quality and development. Our results suggest that countries’ development status affects charcoal production rather than governance quality; we observe a negative relationship between development status and charcoal production per capita (HDI: F(1,50) = 4.85, p = 0.032; GNI: F(1,50) = 4.64, p = 0.036). The limited influence of governance quality and rights on charcoal production per capita and deforestation suggests mismatches between formal and informal governance and exposes challenges in top-down percolation of governance goals. Our results highlight potential importance of tenure rights and potential opportunities for regional governing bodies to bridge local formal and informal actors to improve forest governance. Positive effects of regional tenure are driven by mixed effects of high development and governance quality related to decentralization in Asia and South America, highlighting transitions from charcoal as livelihood energy source to global commodity. Variability in results for FAO and UN charcoal production data advocates for better monitoring programs. Yet, for the first time, we explore global interactive patterns in charcoal production, development and governance – a starting point to differentiate good governance.

scholarly journals Civil Registration and Vital Statistics as Sources of Socio-Demographic Data for Good Governance in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ukoji V. Ukoji ◽  
Ethelbert Okoronkwo ◽  
Chukwuechefulam K. Imo ◽  
Chidi S. Mbah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Sociodemographic Data

Timely and accurate demographic data, resulting from robust Civil Registration and Vital Statistics [CRVS] systems play critical roles in facilitating the realisation of key developmental goals in most countries. A well-functioning CRVS system can afford Nigeria the ambit to gather timely data for evidence-based policy-making. However, just as in many other developing countries, Nigeria’s CRVS framework is plagued by weak institutional linkages resulting to poor quality sociodemographic data. Therefore, this paper focused on the importance of a robust CRVS system as source of quality sociodemographic data in Nigeria, with the objective of situating it within the broader context of good governance. The paper is primarily theoretical and employed the activity theory to examine access to and use of population-based data from the CRVS system for good governance. This paper concludes that the inability to generate actionable and quality population-based data due to Nigeria’s weak CRVS system, as well as non-data driven socioeconomic policies hinders good governance. Therefore, more investments are needed to scale-up Nigeria’s CRVS system and the resulting sociodemographic data should be a priority in driving national policy-making for good governance.

scholarly journals Citizen Participation in the Formulation of Public Policy in Mombasa County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-107
Author(s):  
Stephen Kiruku Kamau ◽  
Daniel Mange Mbirithi
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
County Government ◽  
Public Policy Making ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Main Factors

To assist the government in determining its mandate, citizens should be involved as they best know their needs. The significance of citizen engagement in the process of policy formulation is rooted in among others, the fact that public policy outputs and effects affect those to whom the policy is targeted at. This study aimed to determine the effect of public participation in the public policy making process in Mombasa County, Kenya. The objectives of the research were; to establish the modes of citizen participation used in public policy making process in Mombasa County, Kenya; to determine the main factors that influence citizen participation in public policy making process; to establish the implication of citizen participation in public policy making process and to determine the extent of citizen/ public participation in public policy making process. The study was guided by Good Governance Theory.  The study utilized descriptive survey research design. The study targeted 560 County government and civil society representatives including women leaders, youth leaders and people living with disabilities representatives. The study used Yamane formulae to determine the sample size of 233 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed to select respondents. Data were collected through primary sources which include questionnaire, and interview schedule; while the secondary data were collected from the documentary sources. Data analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, and presented through frequency tables, pie chart and bar graphs. Qualitative data were analyzed by themes and presented through narration and pros forms. The findings of the study established that the main factors that affect citizen participation in formulation of public policy include direct benefits (financial, material), tangible or non-tangible to long or short term, among others. Other factors such as culture, history, government policy and social, political and economic structures influence community participation. Also, the findings of the study revealed that citizens are well acquainted with public policy processes and there is effective county government guidelines and clear standards enhance public policy making processes. The study findings revealed that involvement in policy formulation is positively related to performance. Also, consultation enables easy supervision of work. The research also concluded that education is essential for both parties who are participating towards high quality public policy formulation as it would certainly reduce unnecessary manipulation and the problem brought on by lack of knowledge, accountability and transparency and understanding of each party’s requirements. The study recommends that County Government of Mombasa should establish a participatory framework that allows citizens to monitor and evaluate development outcomes in the counties to ensure better decision making and implementation for subsequent projects and plans.

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