An Alternative Methodology for Preparation of Bacterial Samples for Stratospheric Balloon Flight: Comparison Between High Density Wet Pellet and Medium Density Glycerol Solution

ABSTRACTDue to the increased melting season in the arctic regions, especially in the seas surrounding Greenland, there has been an increased interest in utilising these waterways, both as an efficient transport route and an attractive leisure destination. However, with heavier traffic comes an increased risk of accidents. Due to the immense size and poor infrastructure of Greenland, it is not feasible to deploy ground based ship monitoring stations throughout the Greenland coastline. Thus the only feasible solution is to perform such surveillance from space. In this paper it is shown how it is possible to receive transmissions from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) from space and the quality of the received AIS signal is analysed. To validate the proposed theory, a field study, utilising a prototype of AAUSAT3, the third satellite from Aalborg University, was performed using a stratospheric balloon flight in the northern part of Sweden and Finland during the autumn of 2009. The analysis finds that, assuming a similar ship distribution as in the Barents Sea, it is feasible to monitor the ship traffic around Greenland from space with a satisfactory result.

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Structure and crack growth in gas pipes of medium-density and high-density polyethylene

Polymer Engineering & Science ◽

10.1002/pen.10602 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (16) ◽

pp. 2069-2076 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

T. Tränkner ◽

M. Hedenqvist ◽

U. W. Gedde

Keyword(s):

Crack Growth ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

High Density ◽

Medium Density

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Twilight tropospheric and stratospheric photodissociation rates derived from balloon borne radiation measurements

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-3-377-2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 377-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. Kylling ◽

T. Danielsen ◽

M. Blumthaler ◽

J. Schreder ◽

B. Johnsen

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Spectral Characteristics ◽

Calibration Procedure ◽

Radiative Transfer Model ◽

Transfer Model ◽

Balloon Flight ◽

Center Wavelength ◽

Model Simulations ◽

Stratospheric Balloon ◽

Radiation Measurements

Abstract. A new ligthweight multichannel moderate bandwidth filter instrument designed to be flown on balloons, is described. The instrument measures the radiation field within the short UV (center wavelength at 312 nm) and long UV (center wavelength at 340 nm). The angular and spectral characteristics of the instrument are discussed and the calibration procedure outlined. Measurements made during a stratospheric balloon flight at twilight conditions from Gap-Tallard, France, are presented and compared with state-of-the-art radiative transfer model simulations. The model simulations and the measurements agree within ±10% (±20%) for solar zenith angles smaller than 93° (90°) for the 340 (312) nm channel. Based on the model simulations of the measured radiation, actinic flux spectra are reconstructed. These are used to calculate various photodissociation rates.

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Pengaruh Komposisi Kulit Buah Kakao, Ampas Tebu, dan Perekat terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Partikel dari Campuran Limbah Kulit Buah Kakao dan Ampas Tebu

Jurnal Fisika Unand ◽

10.25077/jfu.7.1.8-14.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

Yeni Fathatun Najihah ◽

Dwi Puryanti ◽

Yuli Yetri

Keyword(s):

High Density ◽

Medium Density ◽

Particle Board

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlakuan bahan terbaik terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan dua variasi perlakuan bahan, yaitu perbandingan komposisi bahan dan jumlah perekat. Variasi komposisi bahan yang digunakan antara kulit buah kakao dan ampas tebu adalah 100:0%, 75:25%, 50:50%. Kadar perekat isosianat yang digunakan adalah 12%, 14%, dan 16%. Ukuran panjang serat ampas tebu yang digunakan adalah 3 cm. Parameter yang diukur adalah kadar air, kerapatan, daya serap air, keteguhan patah, kuat tekan sejajar permukaan dan kekuatan rekat internal. Didapatkan papan partikel terbaik adalah papan partikel dengan perbandingan komposisi bahan 50:50% dengan kadar perekat 16%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai sifat fisis yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar JIS A 5908 (2003), SNI 03-2105-2006, dan FAO (1996). Namun pada pengujian sifat mekanis terdapat beberapa nilai MOR papan partikel yang tidak memenuhi standar. Berdasarkan persentase densitas papan partikel maka papan partikel yang dihasilkan termasuk jenis medium density particle board hingga high density particle board.Kata kunci: kulit buah kakao, ampas tebu, perekat isosianat, papan partikel

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Spatial analysis of the factors influencing housing quality for renters in a traditional Nigerian city

International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijhma-04-2018-0027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 181-209

Author(s):

Falilat Yetunde Olowu ◽

Emmanuel Babatunde Jaiyeoba ◽

Hafeez Idowu Agbabiaka ◽

Olawunmi Johnson Daramola

Keyword(s):

Rental Housing ◽

High Density ◽

Housing Quality ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Low Density ◽

Medium Density ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Housing Characteristics

Purpose Rental housing is an important form of accommodation; evaluating its quality will improve the quality of designs, standard living of renters, new dimension to policy guiding rental housing and enhance the values of rental houses. This study aims to examine the factors influencing rental housing quality in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select tenants for the study. Residential areas were stratified into three densities: high, medium and low. Out of the 18 residential areas identified, six, eight and four were in the high, medium and low densities, respectively. Five residential areas were selected based on high concentrations of rental housing. The selected areas are Mokuro and Iloro (high density), Ife City and Eleyele (medium density) and Aladanla (low density). Systematic sampling technique was used to select 550 buildings where an adult tenant was selected per building for questionnaire administration. Findings The results of the principal component analysis established that four factors were generated for the high-density, nine factors for the medium-density and five factors for low-density areas as the major factors influencing rental housing quality. The variation in the number of factors generated and the percentage variance explained by the factors could be associated to the peculiarities across the densities in terms of the socioeconomic characteristics and housing characteristics of the renters. Originality/value This study examined the factors influencing housing quality for renters in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It provides information on the three residential densities in terms of the variation in their housing morphology. The study went further to establish the relationship among the three musketeers such as socioeconomic characteristic of renters, housing characteristics and housing quality, under three dimensions environmental, internal building and external Building. Therefore, the contribution of this study strengthens the position that a minimum standard and schedule of upgrade and maintenance should be meted out for landlords to carry out repairs at interval, so as to make the housing unit and environment habitable for tenants.

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A Fourier transform spectroradiometer for ground-based remote sensing of the atmospheric downwelling long-wave radiance

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-12-619-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 619-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giovanni Bianchini ◽

Francesco Castagnoli ◽

Gianluca Di Natale ◽

Luca Palchetti

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Remote Control ◽

High Altitude ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Balloon Flight ◽

Long Wave ◽

Stratospheric Balloon ◽

Spectrally Resolved ◽

Better Than

Abstract. The Radiation Explorer in the Far Infrared – Prototype for Applications and Development (REFIR-PAD) is a Fourier transform spectroradiometer that has been designed to operate from both stratospheric balloon platforms and the ground. It has been successfully deployed in a stratospheric balloon flight and several ground-based campaigns from high-altitude sites, including the current installation at the Italian–French Concordia Antarctic station. The instrument is capable of operating autonomously with only a limited need of remote control and monitoring and provides a multiyear dataset of spectrally resolved atmospheric downwelling radiances, measured in the 100–1500 cm−1 spectral range with 0.4 cm−1 resolution and a radiometric uncertainty of better than 0.85 mW(m2srcm-1)-1.

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Damage evaluation and protection method of resin pipe for gas conduit subjected to impact load

International Journal of Protective Structures ◽

10.1177/2041419620902791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 423-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiroki Tamai ◽

Sota Jinkawa ◽

Yoshimi Sonoda

Keyword(s):

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Impact Test ◽

Impact Resistance ◽

High Density ◽

Third Party ◽

Medium Density ◽

Absorbed Energy ◽

Polyethylene Pipe ◽

The Third ◽

The Impact

Medium-density polyethylene pipe has been widely introduced to low-pressure gas pipes because of its high flexibility and corrosion resistance. However, many third-party damages due to the impact of heavy equipment have been reported during the construction every year, thus, to prevent the third-party damage, materials such as high-density polyethylene and polyamide have been considered as the new gas pipe candidates. However, their impact resistance capacity under the third-party attack has not been clarified. In this study, static and impact loading experiments were conducted to compare load resistance capacities. As a result, it was revealed that the high-density polyethylene pipe and the polyamide pipe had higher static load capacity and impact resistance than the medium-density polyethylene pipe. By comparing the absorbed energy of the static test and the impact test and calculating the pseudo absorbed energy of the impact test, the evaluation formula judging the safer side of whether the penetration occurred was proposed. Furthermore, as one of the methods to protect the gas pipe, the protective effect of winding a sheet made of reinforced fiber and non-woven fabric was clarified.

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High density polyethylene matrix composite as reinforcing agent in medium density fiberboards

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998320931913 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (28) ◽

pp. 4369-4385

Author(s):

Ricardo Ritter de Souza Barnasky ◽

Alexsandro Bayestorff da Cunha ◽

Amanda Dantas de Oliveira ◽

Martha Andreia Brand ◽

Gabriela Escobar Hochmuller da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Matrix Composite ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

High Density ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Medium Density ◽

Polyethylene Matrix ◽

Reinforcing Agent ◽

Pinus Spp

This work provides a study about the incorporation of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix composite in medium density fiberboards (MDF). A composite was processed in a single screw extruder with 5% of Pinus spp fibers in a HDPE matrix and applied as reinforcing agent in MDFs, as well as pure HDPE, in 11 different variations, using 12% of urea-formaldehyde resin and nominal density of 750 kg.m−3. The composite and the pure HDPE were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DSC results showed that both polymeric matrix and composite presented the same melting temperature but the composite had a reduced melting enthalpy and crystallinity due to thermal history. SEM analysis showed a well distribution of fibers on the composite. The results of technological properties of MDFs were compared to commercial MDF standards. The MDF reinforced with 40% of polymeric composite reached all minimum standard requirements, being the most recommended to be used as an alternative to conventional MDF, in terms of physical and mechanical performance.

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