The Effect of Compaction Pressure and Sintering Temperature on the Properties of Sayong Ball Clay Membranes

2022 ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Maisarah Mohamed Bazin ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Ball Clay

Research on the Manufacture of some Tungsten-Copper Composite after Vacuum Sintering

2011 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Cristina Ileana Pascu ◽  
Alexandru Stanimir ◽  
Ioan Vida-Simiti
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Tungsten Powder ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Densification Process ◽  
Vacuum Sintering ◽  
Infiltration Temperature ◽  
High Tension ◽  
Copper Composite ◽  
Electrical Apparatus

The paper presents the results of the experimental research carried out in order to obtain pseudoalloys WNiCu used in electrical industry, for the electrical apparatus of high tension and great power. As a result it was compulsory to study the parameters that influence the densification process and the sintered properties, depending on the grain-size distribution of tungsten powder, compaction pressure and sintering temperature in vacuum. Therefore, it has been studied the influence of these parameters on the density, hardness and microstructures changes for the composites with 78%W-2%Ni-20%Cu, (% wt). The better results were obtained for the value of 1350 0C for the copper infiltration temperature.

scholarly journals Influence of Various Process Parameters on the Density of Sintered Aluminium Alloys

10.14311/1604 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Laska ◽  
Jan Kazior
Keyword(s):  
Sintered Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Green Density ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Metallurgy Industry

This paper presents the results of density measurements carried out on Alumix sintered parts. ECKA Alumix aluminium powders were used because of their wide application in the powder metallurgy industry. The compacts were produced using a wide range of compaction pressures for three different chemical compositions. The compacts were then sintered under a pure dry nitrogen atmosphere at three different temperatures. The heating and cooling rates were the same throughout the entire test. The results showed that the green density increases with compaction pressure, but that sintered density is independent of green density (compaction pressure) for each sintering temperature.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Membrane Properties of Sayong Ball Clay

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhayati Ahmad ◽  
Nurhanna Binti Mohd Zaidan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Gel Casting ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Clay Membrane

Sayong ball clay membrane can be fabricated as a cheap membrane material and available commonly at Malaysia. This work was concerned with the study of Sayong ball clay membrane as a water filtration by gel casting technique. Gel casting involves mixing process of Sayong ball clay with the solvent, monomer, dispersant, initiator and catalyst in a certain composition. Tubular membrane was fabricated by controlling the sintering temperature (1000, 1100, 1200, 1300°C). The physical measurements (shrinkage, apparent porosity, and bulk density), microstructure analysis, filtration process (flow rate) and water quality assessments (pH, color, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), solid suspended (SS)) were carried out at different sintering temperature. Apparent porosity and bulk density of the samples were measured by using Archimedes method. The effect of sintering temperature on microstructure of the membranes has been investigated using SEM. The experimental results showed that the shrinkage and bulk density increase with increasing sintering temperature. It gives the improvement in water quality with the lowest SS (192 mg/L), lowest COD (4 mg/L) and most colorless (1.1 Gardner units) filtered wastewater as compared to others.

Effect of Pressure and Temperature in Solid State Sintering Approach Producing Porous Tricalcium Phosphate Bioceramics

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Farah Jaafar ◽  
Radzali Othman ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Sintering ◽  
Pellet Form ◽  
High Level ◽  
Interconnected Pores

Porous Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) is recognized as a good biomaterial having excellent biocompatibility, biodegrability and bioresorbability. Some of the techniques to produce porous β-TCP, are replica technique (polymeric sponge method), sacrificial template method and direct forming method, however, these methods are complicated and can be costly. In this study, solid state sintering was adopted to form porous TCP as a new approach to overcome these problems. TCP bioceramic was prepared by mixing calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and calcium carbonate. The powders were pressed into pellet form with four different pressures; 10, 20, 30 and 40 MPa. Then, the pellets were sintered at 1100°C to 1400°C and subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), density and porosity measurement, diametral tensile strength test (DTS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluation. β-TCP phase was maintained at 1100°C and 1200°C whilst α-TCP phase had formed as second phase above 1300°C. The highest apparent porosity (60.93%) was obtained at 10 MPa and 1100°C sintering temperature, with the density of 1.12 g/cm3. The DTS values were in the range of 0.31 to 3.78 MPa in with lower DTS values were obtained at low compaction pressure and sintering temperature. Interconnected pores with high level porosity were observed at the fracture surfaces of the sintered pellets. Intraporosity was also observed. In conclusion, TCP bioceramics with interconnected pores were produced via solid state reaction; however, more work is required to improve the level of porosity.

Process Optimization Studies on Ni-YSZ Anode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gukan Rajaram ◽  
Salil Desai ◽  
Zhigang Xu ◽  
Devdas M. Pai ◽  
Jag Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Design Matrix ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Pore Former

The characteristics of the Ni/YSZ anode material for the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were investigated in order to study the relation between the porosity and the conductivity of the cell. The nano-sized Yittria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) (∼ 60 nm), Nickel Oxide (NiO) (∼ 40 nm) and graphite (∼ 40 nm) particles were used as the raw materials. The graphite particles act as a pore former. The experiments were planned based on a response surface design (central composite design matrix). The graphite content and the sintering temperatures were varied based on the design chart, while the other variables like NiO/YSZ ratio, ball milling time, powder compaction pressure and reduction temperature values were fixed. Porosity and conductivity measurements were performed on the sintered and reduced anode material. The results indicated that the porosity values got decreased by increasing sintering temperature values, while the conductivity values were on the reverse scale. The conductivity values increase with increasing temperature. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the sintering temperature had a visible impact on the microstructure. At elevated temperature, the microstructure showed visible particle growth and it formed a better Ni-network along the structure, compared to samples sintered at lower temperature. It is believed that the enhanced Ni-network at elevated temperature helps to increase the electrical conductivity of the Ni-YSZ anode cermet.

Modified Composition of Low Temperature Sintering Alumina Crucible for Glass Melting

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
Parida Jampeerung ◽  
Ekarat Meechoowas ◽  
Pimpisa Thammaprecha ◽  
Kanit Tapasa ◽  
Tepiwan Jitwatcharakomol
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Glass Melting ◽  
Plaster Mold ◽  
Low Temperature Sintering ◽  
Alumina Crucible ◽  
Melting Glass ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Ball Clay

The low temperature sintering alumina crucible were prepared with four different formulas by modified the original formula with sintering aids CaCO3, MgCO3, Ball clay and ZrO2. The admixtures were mixed and grinded by ball mill for 24 hrs. The slurry alumina was casted in plaster mold for test samples and crucibles. After dried, the alumina was sintered at 1450, 1500 and 1550°C for 2 hrs. The sintering crucible was investigated chemical composition and properties. The crucibles were tested by melting glass at 1500°C. As a result, the composition (% by weight) was 85-94% Al2O3 2-3% SiO2 1.7-6.5% ZrO2 1.4-3.5% CaO and 0.3-1% MgO with the phase of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), spinel (MgAl2O4) and baddeleyite (ZrO2). The alumina crucible sintered at 1550°C have 9-12 % firing shrinkage density 3.35-3.64 g/cm3 and the coefficient of thermal expansion at 7.72-8.17 ´ 10-6 K-1 which depended on the composition that was similar to commercial 94% alumina (sintered at 1700°C). After tested for the melting glass, these crucibles had high thermal shock resistance which could move out of furnace without any cracks. The selected formula could be used for crucible production with lower sintering temperature, even it decreased sintering temperature from 1700°C to 1550°C. This would save 15-20% of the energy consumption.

The Effect of Flux to Physical and Chemical Properties of Ceramic Body Using Ball Clay from Kampung Dengir, Besut, Terengganu

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Siti Nadhirah Ahmad Zaid ◽  
Muhammad Syukri Abdul Halim ◽  
Mohd Aidil Adhha Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Al Amin Muhamad Nor
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Fluxing Agent

The fluxing agent usually used to reduce the sintering temperature of ceramic production. In order to achieve this study, the potassium feldspar had used as a fluxing agent in range between 15.2 - 42.5 %. The mixture of slurry was formulated by using ball clay, silica, polyethylene glycol and potassium feldspar to produce the ceramic pieces. The sample was prepared by aging the mixed clay with additives and aging for 24 hours before casting on the flat mould to form rectangular ceramic pieces. The body pieces then undergo thermal treatment at temperature of 800C, 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C for 2 hours with heating rate 5°C/min as to study the effect of flux towards sintering behavior of the samples. The characterization of the samples was conduct in order to study the chemical composition of sample. The effect of the fluxing agent towards sintering temperature was evaluated in order to investigate the firing shrinkage, density, porosity and water absorption. The result shows at temperature of 1100°C with increasing the amount of flux, the firing shrinkage decreasing from 18 to 13 %. Increasing the amount of flux had decrease the porosity and water absorption of ceramic pieces and the density of the ceramic pieces almost uniform. The optimum amount of flux was 42.5% and sintering temperature was 1100°C.

scholarly journals Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis on the Mechanical Properties of Natural Hydroxyapatite: Effect of Sintering Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson Kehinde Abifarin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational Grade ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Natural Hydroxyapatite

Abstract Our previous study have reported synthesis and mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite (HA), but optimization of the measured hardness and compressive strength has not been examined. This paper presents optimization of mechanical characteristics (hardness and compressive strength), using Taguchi-grey relational analysis design. In the design, three factors with mixed levels (2 and 3) is employed with the consideration of sintering parameters (0 and 500 Pa compaction pressure, and 900, 1000 and 1100 oC sintering temperature), reported in the previous study. The orthogonal array L18 having 18 rows corresponding to the number of tests and the required columns was selected. Results obtained shows that HA with good hardness and compressive strength is feasible with less or no compaction pressure sintering parameter. An optimum grey relational grade (GRG) of the synthesized HA is 0.7171 and has experimental value within 95% confidence interval.The optimal sintering parameters are gotten to be 500Pa compaction pressure and 1100 oC sintering temperature. Result shows that sintering temperature having 99.90 percentage of contribution is the most significant factor, while compaction pressure and error are insignificant on the overall hardness and compressive strength of the synthesized HA.

Optimization of manufacturing copper-graphite composite for electrical contact applications using grey relational analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Alaa H. Jaafar ◽  
Haydar Al-Ethari
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Compacting Pressure

Copper-graphite composite is one of the most important copper based composites, which is used, widely in electrical applications due to its excellent conductivity and high wear resistant. In this work, an attempt has been made to improve the multi-performance characteristics of copper graphite composite prepared by powder metallurgy and increase its expected life by optimizing the manufacturing process of this composite using statistical method. The experiments were carried out under various conditions of compacting pressure, sintering temperature and graphite content based on L9 orthogonal array. The experimental results indicated that multi-performance characteristics of the prepared composite such as electrical conductivity, densification and wear rate are influenced significantly by the studied parameters and the optimal process parameters level for optimum multi-performance characteristics was obtained in a compaction pressure of 750 MPa, sintering temperature of 950 °C and 10 Vol.-% of graphite content.

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