Evaluating public policies or measuring the performance of public services?

2016 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Florence Jany-Catrice
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies

scholarly journals Power, Predistribution, and Social Justice

Philosophy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-91
Author(s):  
Martin O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Social Democracy ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Fiscal Transfers ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Policy Types

AbstractThe idea of predistribution has the potential to offer a valuable and distinctive approach to political philosophers, political scientists, and economists, in thinking about social justice and the creation of more egalitarian economies. It is also an idea that has drawn the interest of politicians of the left and centre-left, promising an alternative to traditional forms of social democracy. But the idea of predistribution is not well understood, and stands in need of elucidation. This article explores ways of drawing the conceptual and normative distinction between predistribution and redistribution, examining those general categories when considering the roles of public services and fiscal transfers, and looking at the ways in which government policies can empower and disempower different individuals and groups within the economy. This article argues that the most initially plausible and common-sensical ways of drawing the distinction between predistributive and redistributive public policies collapse when put under analytical pressure. It concludes that the distinction between predistribution and redistribution is best seen in terms of the aims or effects of policies rather than a deeper division of policy types, and argues that, once seen in those terms, predistribution is a central concern of social justice.

scholarly journals Atuação em políticas públicas: um areópago prioritário para cristãos

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Teaching ◽  
Second Vatican Council ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Public Hearings ◽  
The Church

Resumo: A Campanha da Fraternidade de 2019 sobre “Fraternidade e PolíticasPúblicas” dá continuidade e aprofunda as diretrizes estabelecidas para o AnoNacional do Laicato no que tange ao incentivo à participação de cristãos leigose leigas em políticas públicas: seja ofertando serviços de caráter público; rea-lizando controle social por meio de Conselhos de Direitos, audiências públicasou Grupos de Acompanhamento ao Legislativo; ou mobilizando a incidênciapolítica a partir de demandas populares concretas. São fartas as motivaçõese fundamentação que justifique a participação efetiva de cristãos leigos e lei-gas em políticas públicas: o mistério da encarnação do verbo e as “traduçõeshistóricas” realizadas pelo Concílio Vaticano II e pelas Conferências Geraisdo Episcopado Latino-americano e Caribenho; o Documento 105 da CNBB; aparte do JULGAR do texto-base da CF/2019, com citações do antigo e novotestamento; até a parte do DISCERNIR do Documento Preparatório do Sínododa Amazônia; e, finalmente, a Exortação Apostólica “Alegria do Evangelho”do Papa Francisco. Conhecer o que são as Políticas Públicas, seu contextohistórico, seu ciclo de execução; as possibilidades de seu financiamento, entreoutros temas específicos é condição sine qua non para atuar de forma efetiva earticulada em políticas públicas, como uma das formas nobres do exercício dacaridade cristã em diálogo com outras organizações da sociedade e pessoas deboa vontade, resgatando assim a democracia ferida do Brasil neste momentoda história: “serás libertado pelo direito e pela justiça” (Is 1,27).Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas. Laicato. Ensino Social da Igreja. Partici-pação social.Abstract: The Fraternity Campaign of 2019 on “Fraternity and Public Policies”continues and deepens the guidelines established for the National Year of theLaity with regard to encouraging the participation of Christians lay people in publicpolicies: offering public services; carrying out social control through Councils ofRights, public hearings or Legislative Monitoring Groups; or by mobilizing politicalinfluence based on concrete popular demands. The motives and justification forthe effective participation of Christians lay people in public policies are abundat:the mystery of the incarnation of the verb and the “historical translations” carriedout by the Second Vatican Council and by the General Conferences of the LatinAmerican and Caribbean Episcopate;; the Document 105 of CNBB; the part ofthe CF-2019 basis-text about the analysis of reality, with quotations from the oldand new testament; the part of discernment of the Preparatory Document of theSynod of the Amazon; and lastly the Apostolic Exhortation “Joy of the Gospel”of Pope Francis. To know what Public Policies are, their historical context, theircycle of execution; the possibilities of its financing, among other specific themes,is a sine qua non condition to act effectively and articulated in public policies, asone of the noble forms of the exercise of Christian charity in dialogue with otherorganizations of society and people of good will, rescuing thus the woundeddemocracy of Brazil at this point in history: “you will be liberated by right andjustice” (Is 1,27).Keywords: Public Policies. Laicate. Social Teaching of the Church. SocialParticipation.

scholarly journals Equality and Poverty: Views From Managers and Professionals From Public Services and Household Heads in the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIVIANE HELENA FRANÇA ◽  
Celina Maria Modena ◽  
Ulisses Eugenio Cavalcanti Confalonieri
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Belo Horizonte

Abstract Background: Tackling poverty requires reconsideration of quantitative factors related to "who" is poor and by "how much” and qualitative factors addressing "what poverty means in these individuals’ lives". Greater understanding is required concerning the types of access actually used by families in poverty in attempts to meet their basic needs. Poverty must be addressed based on the question: “Inequality of what?” It is in reflecting on the realities of such groups when their basic needs are not met that public policies can be improved and implemented with legitimate priorities. Objective: Describe coverage and access to public health, education and social assistance services and the related effects on the quality of life of families in extreme poverty.Methods: An exploratory mixed methods study was performed applying Amartya Sen's “basic capability equality” framework, with: 1) 27 interviews with managers and professionals from public services serving territories with extreme poverty; 2) Survey with a systematic proportionate stratified sample of 336 heads of households in extreme poverty, from a total 2,605 families. The resulting data was analyzed with thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics, respectively.Results: The managers and professionals described the lives of families in extreme poverty with phrases such as, “These people suffer. Sadness weighs on their lives!” and “Depression is the most common illness”. Their precarious circumstances and inadequate access were cited as causes. Quality of life was considered bad or very bad by 41.4% of heads of households. A total income of less than 1/3 of the minimum wage was received by 56.9%. One or more people were unemployed in the family in 55.8% of cases. For 53.3%, public services “did not meet any or few of their needs”. The main social determinants of health were described as: Alcohol and drugs 68.8%; Lack of good health care 60.7%; Absence of income/work 37.5%. The following were identified as solutions to improve their quality of life: 1 - Health 40.5%; 2 - Education 37.8%; 3 - Employment 44.6%.Conclusions: The social determinants of poverty and health must be addressed jointly through intersectoral public policies and egalitarian mechanisms that promote investment in social protection.

scholarly journals Governance Embodiment in Urban Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-216
Author(s):  
علي عبد السميع حميد
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Local Services ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness

       Back in the early nineties the concept of governance in several international reports to occupy pride of place among the various global community. This international reports have attributed the lack of development in the developing countries to the weakness of the way the exercise of power in the management and implementation of public policies, although there are elements and mechanisms to limit the bad governance that lacks efficiency and effectiveness. The reports also noted the importance of information and the transparency of government activities, and activate the community participation, and the trend to greater decentralization and strengthening of local units so that it can raise the level of efficiency and effectiveness of local services. The urban management is a way of organizational management of public services and who knows decentralization, the introduction of the concepts of governance by giving it a new breath in the process of improving their performance and promotion of effective urban management in urban development.

Innovation in Democratic E-Governance

2010 ◽  
pp. 110-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Citizen Involvement ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Stakeholder Relations

This chapter provides a brief introduction to Web 2.0 and its gradual adoption in public services and governance. Web 2.0 refers to the second generation of Web-based communities, networks and hosted services, which facilitates interaction between users. Since the invention of the concept of Web 2.0 version numbering has been attached to various activities and organizations, including government. Government 2.0 opens a horizon towards post-modern governance, in which government utilizes in its governance and stakeholder relations open and pluralist interactivity, community-centeredness and citizens’ own content production and networking, following the logic of Web 2.0. The promise of Government 2.0 lies in the idea that the more direct citizen involvement there is in public affairs in Web 2.0 style, the more reason there is for people to take a constructive view of public policies, governance and organizations.

Preparedness for Innovation in Times of Crisis: Lessons from the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Durugbo ◽  
Soud M. Almahamid ◽  
Lulwa H. Budalamah ◽  
Odeh R. Al-Jayyousi ◽  
Batoul BendiMerad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Crisis Preparedness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Analytic Induction ◽  
Inside Out

In this paper, we explore preparedness strategies for the initial response to crisis-driven innovation, in the context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Using insights from semi-structured interviews with public health strategists, we apply analytic induction to investigate preparedness to innovate, and the main forms of crisis-driven innovation applied in the initial COVID-19 response. We thematically analyze measures of preparedness for the initial COVID-19 response and propose a framing aimed at boosting readiness for crisis-driven innovation. Our study finds themes on COVID-19 preparedness strategies involving combat-inspired public policies from assessed security, cyclic-oriented public projections of actionable safeguards, and continuity-driven public provisions for anticipated situations. The study also captures themes on crisis response as crisis-driven innovation in relation to digitalized, integrated, and tailored public services, initiatives, and systems. Our paper concludes with discussions on the implications of innovation intelligence for crisis preparedness, “ripple-inspired inside-out” view of crisis-driven innovation, “response as innovation” framings, and suggestions for further studies.

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralisation of Services: The Case of the Local Public Sector in European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
Martina Halaskova ◽  
Renata Halaskova ◽  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Matus Kubak
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level

Services are a dynamically developing economic sector in all countries. The paper focuses on public services, evaluated from the perspective of fiscal decentralization. It aims to evaluate the level of fiscal decentralization of expenditures in selected categories of public services in European countries. For this purpose, government expenditures by the local government sector are analyzed in the set of the selected 28 European countries in the period 2010-2018. Cluster analysis has been carried out in order to determine four clusters of countries based on their level of decentralization of expenditures on services. The results show differences in the extent of decentralization between the European countries in the provision of specific public services and reflect the form of financing of local public needs. A low level of fiscal decentralization of expenditures on services (public order and safety; housing and community amenities; recreation, culture, and religion) was observed in the majority of the countries. However, the majority of the countries failed to prove a high level of fiscal decentralization of expenditures on services (social protection, health, education) and a medium level of decentralization of expenditures in terms of general public services and services of economic affairs. These findings demonstrate that the degree of decentralization of public services is determined, to a certain degree, determined by country history and its geographical location, as well as by the different roles of sector-specific public policies. The findings can be helpful for creators of local public policies, strategic plans, and financial concepts.

scholarly journals SPACE-BASED APPLICATIONS FOR BUILT CULTURAL HERITAGE: EXPERIENCE OF COPERNICUS4REGIONS PUBLICATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Cuca ◽  
Raffaella Brumana
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Space Agency

NEREUS is a Network of Regions Using Space Technologies established in Brussels in 2007. The need of this network emerged out of conviction that the regions are the key users and procurers of space-based applications, products and services. Since more than decade, the mission of the Network has been to raise awareness of the benefits that space technologies can offer to the citizens, especially in a regional context, for public services and public policies. Within this framework, and with support by the European Commission and European Space Agency, NEREUS has developed several publications that have promoted different Earth Observation applications such as "The growing uses of Copernicus across Europe’s Regions" (2012) and the latest one "The Ever Growing Use of Copernicus across Europe’s Regions" (2018). Politecnico di Milano was in charge of Publication management of this last use-cases collection. The paper here presented illustrates and discusses the result of the Publication with a specific focus on applications regarding use of Earth Observation and Copernicus Programme for Cultural Heritage.

scholarly journals Public Services Quality Analyze in The Tourism Sector in South Garut Province of West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Dadang
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourism Potential

Public services in the tourism sector are one of the most important parts to support the increase in the Human Development Index (HDI) in the economic sector. This requires quality services based on the government's development strategy through public policies that are linked to regional potential, especially the tourism potential of the South Garut area. Based on the results of research with a qualitative approach that the tourism potential of South Garut, both coastal and mountainous areas, is very potential and really needs the attention of all parties, especially the government to make public policies in the tourism sector.   

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