Socioeconomic Status and Geographical Rural Settings’ Contribution to Oppression of Women with Disabilities Who Experience Gender Violence

Author(s):  
J. Ruth Nelson ◽  
Emily M. Lund
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_part_4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X2110400
Author(s):  
James L. Moore ◽  
Erik M. Hines ◽  
Paul C. Harris

The sense of urgency for addressing the concerns of males of color cannot be overstated. The reality of racial discrimination and trauma is present for males of color in urban, suburban, and rural settings and regardless of their socioeconomic status. Such oppressive conditions in education, criminal justice, health, and employment, for example, wreak havoc on their overall well-being and advancement in society. Until the systems constraining the progress of males of color are addressed through substantive policy and practice, the social, economic, and educational struggles will persist. This special issue presents 19 theoretical, qualitative, and quantitative articles focusing specifically on the experiences of males of color in educational settings and the importance of school counselors in helping them to thrive.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Pieretti Cardoso ◽  
Maria Leda Pinto ◽  
Léia Teixeira Lacerda

The work Discursive memory on gender violence in the voice of women with disabilities originated from the Master of Arts in Literature research developed by Flávia Pieretti Cardoso, under the guidance of professors Maria Leda Pinto and Léia Teixeira Lacerda, at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul. In her role as an interpreter of Brazilian Sign Language at the Casa da Mulher Brasileira and her experience with women from the Association of Women with Disabilities of Mato Grosso do Sul, Flávia was concerned about the invisibility and lack of accessible data and information in the area of gender and disability. The concern resulted in this book, which analyses the speeches of women with disabilities living in Campo Grande / MS, from the theme of gender violence in order to seek possibilities to implement actions to face this type of violence. The theoretical path is based on qualitative research and the corpus analysis grounded on French Discourse Analysis (FDA) studies, as well as on scholars from the Bakhtin Circle, on the analysis of texts of oral communication and the gender and violence area. The analyses presented will enable the reader to conclude that girls and women with disabilities are subject to double exclusion and vulnerability – for having a disability and for being women – by the sexist and capacitist speeches of “power” and “truth”. Therefore, it is a matter of urgency that the Brazilian authorities of power implement effective public programs and policies aimed at the specificities of those subjects.


2017 ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Francisca Colimil ◽  
Daniela Paz Ramírez

Los datos de Senda (2016) dan cuenta del incremento del consumo de alcoholen Chile en los últimos años; pese a lo anterior, la mayoría de la informaciónlevantada sobre el tema se ha realizado desde una perspectiva cuantitativa ysin enfoque de género. Por ello, la presente investigación aborda elementosprovenientes de la cultura heteronormativa, comunes a las trayectorias deconsumo de alcohol en mujeres alcohólicas, y cómo estos se manifiestande forma transversal en la vida de estas mujeres, independientemente desu nivel socioeconómico y de estudios. Es decir, desde el supuesto de queser mujer y alcohólica no tiene las mismas implicancias sociales que serhombre y alcohólico, en tanto que la opresión normativa del género –ycomo consecuencia el estigma– recae con mayor fuerza sobre las mujerespor contravenir el “deber ser” mujer. Esta investigación, desde un enfoquecualitativo y con el método biográfico, se propone explorar cómo dichoselementos se hacen presentes en sus relatos de vida.Palabras clave: cultura patriarcal, género, violencia, alcohol, estigma. The gender oppression on the life trajectories of alcoholic womenAbstractThe data of Senda (2016) account the increase of the alcohol consumption inChile, in the last years; however, most of the information gathered on thissubject have been conducted from a quantitative perspective, and withouta gender approach. Because of this, the present research addresses elementsderived from the heteronormative culture, common to the alcohol consumptionof alcoholic women, and how do they express transversally on the life of thesewomen, regardless of their educational and socioeconomic status. In otherwords, from the assumption that being woman and alcoholic doesn’t have thesame social implications tan being man and alcoholic, whilst the normative gender oppression −and therefore, the stigma− falls with a higher strength onwomen, because of infringing the “ought-to-be” woman. This investigation,from a qualitative approach y with the biographical method, proposes theexploration of how these elements take place in their life stories.Keywords: patriarchal culture, gender, violence, alcohol, stigma. A opressão do gênero nas trajetórias de vida de mulheres alcoólatrasResumoOs dados de SENDA (2016) dão conta do aumento do consumo de álcool noChile nos últimos anos; apesar disso, a maioria das informações sobre a questãolevantada, foi feita a partir de uma perspectiva quantitativa e sem o enfoquedo gênero. Portanto, esta pesquisa aborda elementos derivados da culturaheteronormativa, comuns as trajetórias de consumo de álcool em mulheresalcoólicas, e como estes se manifestam transversalmente nas vidas dessasmulheres, independentemente de sua condição socioeconômica e educação. Ouseja, a partir do pressuposto de que ser mulher e alcoólatra não tem as mesmasimplicações sociais que ser um homem e alcoólatra, enquanto que a opressãonormativa do gênero –como resultado do estigma– cai mais fortemente sobreas mulheres porque viola o “dever ser“ mulher. Esta pesquisa, a partir de umaabordagem qualitativa e com o método biográfico, tem como objetivo explorarcomo esses elementos estão presentes em suas histórias de vida.Palavras-chave: cultura patriarcal, género, violência, álcool, estigma


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Camprubi ◽  
S Chavero ◽  
O Valero ◽  
C Frias

Abstract Individual-level and local socioeconomic status (SES) are both significant social determinants of adolescents' health, but usually their distinct effects are not properly disentangled. A validated health survey of 76 items was conducted among last compulsory education course students (15/16 years old) in 59 municipalities from Barcelona province, Spain (N = 7351). Individual SES was defined by the Family Affluence Scale and municipal SES by its Gross Disposable Household Income. Both were dichotomized and crossed. Bivariate analyses were performed for all variables, comparing Low (L) and High (H) Individual (i) SES, L and H Municipal (m) SES and then the 4 groups: LiLm, LiHm, HiLm, HiHm. Chi square tests were performed with SAS. The significance level was set to 0.05. Most of the items (self-perceived health, general mood, night leisure, excessive use of internet, and unsafe sex, among others) were only related to individual SES (in the direction usually described in literature) without municipal influence. Only for sexual harassment was found a significant association with the municipal SES (more on Lm) but no differences between individual SES groups. Different patterns emerged when individual and municipal significant associations were detected. In a LiLm-LiHm-HiLm-HiHm order, a healthy gradient was observed in frequency of sport and physical activity, neighbourhood assessment and adherence to Mediterranean Diet. On the contrary, a risk gradient appeared on tobacco, cannabis and alcohol consumption. An opposite SES effect was found on gender violence and on sexual health information demands: Individual SES was positively associated with demand while Municipal SES was negatively associated. No association with neither individual nor municipal SES was found on information interest on bullying. The different effect of individual and municipal SES and their interactions on various aspects of adolescents' health should be taken into account in health promotion. Key messages Individual SES have stronger association with most of adolescents’ health items than Municipal SES. The latter reinforces, except on gender and sexual health information demands where link is opposed. Different effects and interactions between individual and municipal socioeconomic status in adolescents’ health should be incorporated in health promotion priorization.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Divya Vanoh ◽  
Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Tengku Aizan Hamid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Harikrishnan ◽  
Grace Lalhlupuii Sailo

Abstract Self-reported studies alone cannot be used to deduce the significance of adolescent problems. Therefore, the current study focuses on parents’ and class teachers’ perspectives of school-going adolescents’ emotional and behavioural problems. The objectives are to apprehend the prevalence of adolescent problems, comparisons on gender, school-area; and its association with socio-demographic details. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 19 schools from government-private and rural-urban schools across Kollam District, Kerala. Malayalam/English version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was administered among a sample of 600 parents and 60 class teachers of school-going adolescents. Gender correlation with parents’ report found emotional problems (P<0.01), conduct problems (P<0.01), hyperactivity (P<0.001), peer problems (P<0.001) whereas in teachers’ report found relationship with emotional problems (P<0.05) and hyperactivity (P<0.001). Multivariate test results reveal that there is a statistically significant difference in emotional and behavioural problems of school-going adolescents based on school area (government-urban, government-rural, private-urban and private-rural). Multiple linear regression analysis on parents reports is significantly predicted with gender (P<0.01), urban-rural settings (P<0.001) and socioeconomic status (P<0.01). Teachers’ report has significantly been predicted with urban-rural settings (P<0.01) and socioeconomic status (P<0.001). Parents’ reports revealed a less overall prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems than teachers’ reports. Female adolescents tend to have more emotional problems and males were found to be more hyperactive. A significant difference was found with the school-area settings and significant association with socio-demographic details of adolescents. More attention is needed for the protection of adolescents’ mental health and fills mental health gaps in services.


2017 ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Francisca Colimil ◽  
Daniela Paz Ramírez

Los datos de Senda (2016) dan cuenta del incremento del consumo de alcoholen Chile en los últimos años; pese a lo anterior, la mayoría de la informaciónlevantada sobre el tema se ha realizado desde una perspectiva cuantitativa ysin enfoque de género. Por ello, la presente investigación aborda elementosprovenientes de la cultura heteronormativa, comunes a las trayectorias deconsumo de alcohol en mujeres alcohólicas, y cómo estos se manifiestande forma transversal en la vida de estas mujeres, independientemente desu nivel socioeconómico y de estudios. Es decir, desde el supuesto de queser mujer y alcohólica no tiene las mismas implicancias sociales que serhombre y alcohólico, en tanto que la opresión normativa del género –ycomo consecuencia el estigma– recae con mayor fuerza sobre las mujerespor contravenir el “deber ser” mujer. Esta investigación, desde un enfoquecualitativo y con el método biográfico, se propone explorar cómo dichoselementos se hacen presentes en sus relatos de vida.Palabras clave: cultura patriarcal, género, violencia, alcohol, estigma. The gender oppression on the life trajectories of alcoholic womenAbstractThe data of Senda (2016) account the increase of the alcohol consumption inChile, in the last years; however, most of the information gathered on thissubject have been conducted from a quantitative perspective, and withouta gender approach. Because of this, the present research addresses elementsderived from the heteronormative culture, common to the alcohol consumptionof alcoholic women, and how do they express transversally on the life of thesewomen, regardless of their educational and socioeconomic status. In otherwords, from the assumption that being woman and alcoholic doesn’t have thesame social implications tan being man and alcoholic, whilst the normative gender oppression −and therefore, the stigma− falls with a higher strength onwomen, because of infringing the “ought-to-be” woman. This investigation,from a qualitative approach y with the biographical method, proposes theexploration of how these elements take place in their life stories.Keywords: patriarchal culture, gender, violence, alcohol, stigma. A opressão do gênero nas trajetórias de vida de mulheres alcoólatrasResumoOs dados de SENDA (2016) dão conta do aumento do consumo de álcool noChile nos últimos anos; apesar disso, a maioria das informações sobre a questãolevantada, foi feita a partir de uma perspectiva quantitativa e sem o enfoquedo gênero. Portanto, esta pesquisa aborda elementos derivados da culturaheteronormativa, comuns as trajetórias de consumo de álcool em mulheresalcoólicas, e como estes se manifestam transversalmente nas vidas dessasmulheres, independentemente de sua condição socioeconômica e educação. Ouseja, a partir do pressuposto de que ser mulher e alcoólatra não tem as mesmasimplicações sociais que ser um homem e alcoólatra, enquanto que a opressãonormativa do gênero –como resultado do estigma– cai mais fortemente sobreas mulheres porque viola o “dever ser“ mulher. Esta pesquisa, a partir de umaabordagem qualitativa e com o método biográfico, tem como objetivo explorarcomo esses elementos estão presentes em suas histórias de vida.Palavras-chave: cultura patriarcal, género, violência, álcool, estigma


Praxis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (15) ◽  
pp. 991-996
Author(s):  
Ngisi Masawa ◽  
Farida Bani ◽  
Robert Ndege

Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top 10 infectious diseases with highest mortality globally since the 1990s despite effective chemotherapy. Among 10 million patients that fell ill with tuberculosis in the year 2017, 36 % were undiagnosed or detected and not reported; the number goes as high as 55 % in Tanzania, showing that the diagnosis of TB is a big challenge in the developing countries. There have been great advancements in TB diagnostics with introduction of the molecular tests such as Xpert MTB/RIF, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lipoarabinomannan urine strip test, and molecular line-probe assays. However, most of the hospitals in Tanzania still rely on the TB score chart in children, the WHO screening questions in adults, acid-fast bacilli and chest x-ray for the diagnosis of TB. Xpert MTB/RIF has been rolled-out but remains a challenge in settings where the samples for testing must be transported over many kilometers. Imaging by sonography – nowadays widely available even in rural settings of Tanzania – has been shown to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Despite all the efforts and new diagnostics, 30–50 % of patients in high-burden TB countries are still empirically treated for tuberculosis. More efforts need to be placed if we are to reduce the death toll by 90 % until 2030.


2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Greitemeyer ◽  
Christina Sagioglou

Abstract. Previous research has shown that people of low subjective socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely to experience compassion and provide help to others than people of high SES. However, low subjective SES also appears to be related to more hostile and aggressive responding. Given that prosociality is typically an antagonist of aggression, we examined whether low subjective SES individuals could be indeed more prosocial and antisocial. Five studies – two correlational, three experimental – found that low subjective SES was related to increased aggression. In contrast, subjective SES was not negatively related to trait and state measures of prosociality.


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