Constraints on the Factors of Production

1981 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Factors Of Production

Development of the digital economy and its impact on labour market

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Dilmurod Abdulloevich Nasimov
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Production Possibility ◽  
Production Possibility Frontier ◽  
Factors Of Production

The article considers the effects of technology on the level and composition of employment. Technological progress, by increasing the productivity of factors of production, expands an economy’s production possibility frontier but also decreases the number of existing workplaces. So the aim of the paper to consider the opportunities to the positive impact of the ICT on the labour market.

Two sides, but not of the same coin: digitalization, productivity and unemployment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oxana Krutova ◽  
Pertti Koistinen ◽  
Tuuli Turja ◽  
Harri Melin ◽  
Tuomo Särkikoski
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
Factors Of Production

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how input from the digital restructuring of the workplace and productivity affects the risk of job loss and unemployment.Design/methodology/approachRelying on the concepts of technological unemployment and the productivity paradox as well as the theory of skills-biased technological change, the analysis incorporated micro-level individual determinants of job loss, macro-level economic determinants of input and the contribution from traditional (machinery and equipment) vs innovative (ICT) factors of production. The model has been also controlled for “traditional” indicators of “outsiderness” in the labour market. The Quality of Work Life Survey, which is a broad-based national interview survey produced by Statistics Finland, for 2018, the latest year available (N = 4,110) has been used in the analysis. Binomial logistic regression has been applied in order to estimate the effects of individual- and macro-level factors on the risk of job loss.FindingsThe results support arguments for the divergence between effects from labour- vs total-factor productivity on the risks of job loss, as well as the divergence between effects for temporary (layoff) vs permanent job loss (dismissal or unemployment). While the contribution from “traditional” factors of production to labour productivity potentially decreases the risk of permanent job loss, input from “innovative” factors of production on total-factor productivity potentially causes adverse effects (e.g. growing risks of permanent job loss).Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the theoretical discussion about technological unemployment and productivity by means of including two different concepts into a single econometric model, thus enabling examination of the research problem in an innovative way.

EFFICIENCY OF THE TAX SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF TRANSPARENCY AND REFORM

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Ludmila Oleinikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
National Level ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
The Government

The expediency is reasoned of creating a competitive environment in the context of globalization and limited factors of production, forcing countries to compete with each other and take measures to attract owners of factors of production by forming the optimal combination of institutional, public goods and tax preferences, where only tax preferences are not the key to success in competition, as opposed to general conditions of taxation in combination with infrastructural, institutional and public goods. Emphasis is placed on the rapid digitalization of economic processes and the globalization of even small businesses through online platforms that will significantly affect the struggle in the field of economic and institutional competition. It has been proven that it is already necessary to respond to new challenges which are associated with tax evasion, erosion of the tax base, a significant geographical gap between the location of factors of production and the jurisdiction of profit. It is established that the answers to these risks lie both in the plane of institutional readiness and in the plane of the effectiveness of the application of tax administration tools, including control, as well as the synergy of measures at the macro and micro levels. The variety of tools used in world practice to improve compliance with tax legislation is studied and their division into categories is indicated. The expediency of using mechanisms to ensure the transparency of the tax system is substantiated, along with measures to assure the transparency of taxpayers before the tax authorities at the national level, as well as mechanisms to provide accountability and transparency of the tax authorities themselves to the government, parliament and taxpayers. It is proposed, taking into account foreign experience, in addition to quantitative indicators of tax effectiveness, to use supplementary indicators that characterize the work of tax authorities, considering economy, effectiveness, efficiency, which will deepen the level of tax system performance.

Factors of production: Historical theories and new developments

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xu ◽  
Sohail S. Chaudhry ◽  
Yanfang Li
Keyword(s):  
New Developments ◽  
Factors Of Production

scholarly journals Improvement of technical safety management based on the principles of HACCP in meat processing enterprise of agro-industrial sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Nina Vladimirovna Konik ◽  
Olga Aleksandrovna Shutova ◽  
Dmitry Nikolaevich Katusov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
Processing Enterprise ◽  
Technical Safety

The article discusses the development and implementation of a safety management system based on the principles of HACCP at a food enterprise, the main focus of which is the production of meat and sausage products. Hazardous factors of production were determined, the indicators were ranked, critical control points were established at all stages of product processing, a HACCP plan was developed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN FAKTOR PENENTU PRODUKSI KAKAO HASIL SAMBUNG SAMPING DI KABUPATEN KONAWE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Rusdin Rusdin ◽  
Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Average Productivity ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Factors Of Production

Extensive cocoa plantations in Southeast Sulawesi at 2013 were approximately 245 624 ha, which consists of 177 996 ha of productive plants, 38.970 ha and 28.658 ha unproductive unproductive plants. Cocoa productivity in Southeast Sulawesi as a whole is 0.754 t/ha. The low productivity of cocoa was due to several factors, namely: the use of random seed, still high PBK pest attack, low levels of cultivation technology, as well as the age old cocoa plants. The study was conducted in March - June 2014 Andomesinggu village, district. Besulutu, Konawe. The study results showed that the average productivity of the cocoa plant side grafting 2-3 years amounted to 380 kg/ha, profit of Rp. 7.160.900, -. with the value of RC ratio  of 4.22, meaning farming in the district Konawe economically feasible to be developed. Variables land area is very significant in improving cocoa production and is positive. Similarly, production factors KCl fertilizer, organic fertilizer real berpengatuh to increase cocoa production. While the factors of production of NPK fertilizer, Urea, ZA and pesticides did not significantly decline in production (negative values).

scholarly journals An Empirical Note on Productivity and Technological Diffusion in Nigeria, 1970-2000

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndem A. Ndiyo
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Knowledge Diffusion ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Technological Diffusion ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Empirical Note ◽  
Factors Of Production

The study analyses the longterm trend in knowledge diffusion and productivity growth in Nigeria, using a translog specification. The results indicate the need for technological upgrading and emphasized that policies designed to promote technological development should address the complementarities between ‘different factors of production. The article, thus, provides some support for the argument that total factor productivity (TFP), as a technological knowledge, can impact significantly on productivity in a developing economy like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the quality of apple juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 06011
Author(s):  
Svetlana Popel ◽  
Pavel Epifanov ◽  
Larisa Yushan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Factors Of Production

This study reflects the research of technological factors of production that affect the quality of apple juice: temperature and time of sterilization, the influence of the type of used wort: gravity or a mixture of gravity and press fraction; the waiting time of the wort before the first heat treatment; as well as the presence of preheating. Regression equations have been developed that link the studied parameters and indicators of juice quality. The quantitative values of the characteristics of apple juice in the stated ranges, depending on the studied parameters, can be calculated by substituting the corresponding values in natural units into the developed regression equations.

scholarly journals FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PETANI SALAK DI DESA PARSALAKAN ANGKOLA BARAT TAPANULI SELATAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Efrita Nasution ◽  
Edison Sagala
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Experience Factor ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
Keywords Education ◽  
Use Factors ◽  
The Village

Factors of production farming has a different function to level of production and farmers income. The better use factors of production, the amount of production is produced also more and more so that income received by farmers is higher. This study aims to determine whether education, experience, land, and capital affect farmers' income. The population in this study were all barking farmers in the village of Persalakan Angkola Barat South Tapanuli. The sampling technique in studies using methods Solvin with a total sample of 50 farmers bark. Data collection techniques used observation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis to prioritize testing and classical assumption of normality as a condition of continued analysis. From the results of analysis can be concluded the factor of land area education and partially no effect on farmers 'income while the experience factor, capital, Extension and Number of dependents has a positive and significant impact on farmers' income in the village of Persalakan Angkola Barat South Tapanuli.  Keywords:     Education, Experience, Land, Capital, Counseling, Number of dependents, income

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