Historical Background and Development Process of Dispute Resolution in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Jieren Hu
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Historical Background

scholarly journals Performing on Acoustic Guitar in the Fingerstyle Technique: Historical and Methodical Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-139
Author(s):  
Victor A. Odoyevsky ◽  
Nataliya V. Korchagina
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Acoustic Guitar ◽  
Sound Amplification

The article analyzes the theory and practice of acoustic guitar performing in the fingerstyle – a special technique of playing simultaneously conducting several parts (solo, rhythm and bass). This style, turning the guitar into a kind of “orchestra in miniature”, significantly expands the range of expressive possibilities of the musician-guitarist, allowing him to fully reveal the content of the performed works. Along with a discussion of the prerequisites to the emergence of an acoustic guitar as a musical instrument and show its evolution in the development process, authors provide a brief historical background on the origins and causes of fingerstyle, characteristics of sound and sound production methods, activities of its developers and popularizers, the content of the tutorial for the fingerstyle guitarist. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of the original author’s methods of performing this style. Among them: a complex reception from a pinch and a slap and a “phantom pick” for the thumb (without using the “claw”). The necessity of their application is justified, the technique of performance and the achieved results of these methods of sound extraction are described in detail. The article describes the possibilities of using electric sound amplification in the performance of fingerstyle on an acoustic guitar, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using various types of sound amplification equipment in a concert performance. Authors emphasize that the connection of these devices when performing fingerstyle creates a number of additional opportunities for enriching the sound, allowing to increase the artistic level of interpretation. The conclusion is made about the prospects for the development of this style. Recommendations are given for solving specific technological problems for guitarists who use fingerstyle in concert practice, both with and without sound amplification equipment.

Part I Introduction, 1 Introduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baumann Antje ◽  
Pfitzner Tanja V
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Party Autonomy ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Arbitral Proceedings ◽  
Dispute Resolution Mechanism ◽  
Substantive Law

This introduction discusses arbitration as a method for resolving disputes. It first provides an overview of the advantages of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism and a brief historical background on the development of modern international arbitration before exploring the effects of arbitration agreements, taking into account the applicable law for the question of arbitrability (objective arbitrability and subjective arbitrability). It then considers two options between which parties can choose when deciding to settle their dispute by arbitration: institutional arbitration and ad hoc arbitration. It also analyses the parties’ right to choose—based on the principle of party autonomy—the place and language of arbitration, the substantive law applicable to the merits of the dispute, and number of arbitrators. Finally, it explains the applicable rules and general structure of arbitral proceedings as well as the enforceability of arbitral awards.

scholarly journals The New Zealand Insurance and Savings Ombudsman Scheme

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Stephen Rogers
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Public Information ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Right

In January 1995, the New Zealand insurance industry embarked on a programme of self-regulation. At the centre of this programme is the Insurance and Savings Ombudsman Scheme ('ISO Scheme'), which is intended to provide an independent dispute resolution service for non-commercial insureds. This article discusses the ISO Scheme's development process, how the ISO Scheme measures up, and whether ISO Scheme's complaints handling be rated. The author concludes that, while the ISO Scheme appears to be a step in the right direction, there are questions to be resolved about accessibility, the adequacy of public information, and the degree of actual independence achieved by the Scheme. The real benefit to the insurance and savings industry must come from encouraging use of the ISO Scheme by complainants, and for this to happen the Scheme will have to establish a reputation for independence, flexibility and effectiveness.

scholarly journals EARLY TRANSFORMATION AND ENLIGHTENMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE BRITISH CONCESSION IN MODERN EAST ASIA. RESEARCH ON 1866 LAND REGULATIONS OF THE BRITISH CONCESSION OF TIENTSIN

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 729-738
Author(s):  
S. Sun ◽  
N. Aoki
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Management System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Land Regulation ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. The systematic development of British Concession in the 19th century had a profound impact on the development of cities in the history of modernization in East Asia. To find out the relevance of the urban management system of the British concession and the process of urban modernization between different cities in East Asia, this paper combs the development process of land allocation and urban management in the early British concession by using the land regulation. It focuses on the specific case of the 1866 land regulation promulgated by the British concession in Tianjin from the perspective of colonialism and the construction and management system of the East Asian British concession. It analyses the historical background and influence, then further explores the reasons for its promulgation. This finding can fill part of the vacancy in the history of urban development and play an important role in the development of contemporary urban construction in East Asia as reflection and reference.

scholarly journals Revitalization of Traditional Manufacturing as Rural Development Model: Yeşilyuva Shoe Manufacturing Case

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe İrmiş ◽  
Şeyma Gün Eroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Contract Manufacturing ◽  
The People ◽  
Shoe Manufacturing ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

Research field of study is formed Yeşilyuva Town in Denizli is a rural area which provides its income via shoe manufacturing. The aim of the study is to discover the contribution, the exchange and the development of traditional manufacturing at the development process in a rural area. As a research method in the first phase of historical background of shoe manufacturing in Yeşilyuva was researched, and then were interviewed about the shoe manufacturing in Yeşilyuva. According to the research findings, the background of Yeşilyuva’s contemporary production consists of Akhi production culture. In Yeşilyuva, production of leather-related goods has been improving over time since those days. In 1970’s, the people of Yeşilyuva founded a cooperative and a leather factory through consolidating their savings. However, the cooperative could not maintain the factory and it is rented to private sector for operation. Nowadays, in Yeşilyuva, at least one member of each family are producing shoes in small plants. Some of the products are sold to specific brands as a result of contract manufacturing; and some of them are taken to nearby cities by the sellers and sold there. While the presence of women in production used to be perceived negatively; women are entrepreneurs and employees in shoe manufacturing for the last thirty years. In Yeşilyuva, a developing place; the shoes, which had been produced only by hand crafts before; now are produced in still small plants, but through modern techniques; with the contribution of both men and women.

scholarly journals Beijing’s First Green Belt—A 50-Year long Chinese Planning Story

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Lu Sun ◽  
Christian Fertner ◽  
Gertrud Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Political ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
Mega Events

This article traces the development process of Beijing’s First Green Belt from its origins in the 1950s, to its reinterpretation in the 1980s/1990s and its implementation in the 1990s/2000s. We identify three-time phases and important milestones, which kept the green belt idea alive, developed it and contextualized it in relation to the historical background. This article shows that the first green belt project in Beijing was a continuing process of changing functions and ranges. Its adaptability to variations followed the political changes and reflected the socio-economic dynamics, which secured its longevity. Different ideas shaped the plan and its link to mega events like the Olympic Games and environmental problems accelerated the implementation, but the shortage of funding and absence of legislation led to a compromised result. The case is an interesting example of how a long-term project transforms over and with time, but also for the gap between planning ambitions and actual urban development, illustrating past and contemporary urban planning in the context of a fast-developing country.

Other ICANN Consensus Policies

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Bettinger
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Uniform Domain ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
Policy Development Process ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Registry Database

In addition to the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP), ICANN has established eight other consensus policies which apply to the gTLD spaces under its purview. Consensus policies are the product of policy development processes at the Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO) in its function to develop and recommend to the ICANN Board substantive policies relating to generic top-level domains. They are intended to produce a consensus of Internet stakeholders and relate to issues including interoperability, security and stability of the Internet or the registry database for a TLD, the provision of registry services or operations, or the resolution of domain name disputes. Only policies which are developed through the Policy Development Process and receive appropriate approval by the GNSO Council and ICANN board may be considered consensus policies. Consensus policies are incorporated into registry contracts and in the Registrar Accreditation Agreement, ensuring that GNSO recommendations are implemented. These policies apply to different groups of individuals and/or entities and are suited to different purposes, which will be briefly outlined in the sections below.

scholarly journals Dispute resolution mechanisms among the Afar People of Ethiopia and their contribution to the Development Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinfe Abraha Gebre-Egziabher
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Major Factors

Disputes are one of the major factors negatively affecting the development process of any nation. They divert resources that could otherwise be used productively; hence, there appears to be general agreement on their undesirability (Alexander 2005). Dispute- resolution practices and peace-building mechanisms remain problematic for most societies in the world including those in Africa, as most of them are trying to imitate Western modalities instead of using their own indigenous knowledge systems and skills. The dispute-resolution practices of the ancient Ethiopians in have been established for many thousands of years, and have been used to prevent loss of life and the destruction of property. This paper reveals that the dispute-resolution practices of the Afar people of Ethiopia significantly contributed to the development process. The article reveals that it is difficult to attain development without developing dispute resolution practices and it also shows that it is difficult, though not impossible, to resolve disputes without assuring development by eliminating poverty. Thus, it concludes that the ancient Aksumite, which was one of the first four great civilizations on earth, must have developed a unique type of dispute resolution practices that enabled Ethiopia of that time to be one of the leading countries in the globe during that time. No doubt every nation has its own indigenous dispute-resolution practices. It is thus possible to resolve disputes in by using indigenous knowledge systems, instead of using Western modalities. In this paper, the dispute-resolution practices of the Afar people of Ethiopia are discussed.

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