Analysis of Independence and Clustering Pattern of Students in Adopting MOOCs

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Raj Kishor Bisht ◽  
Sanjay Jasola ◽  
Ila Pant Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Pattern

Identification of Bloodmeals from Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Collected in the Parque Nacional do Viruá, State of Roraima, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Leite Rodrigues ◽  
Glaucilene da Silva Costa ◽  
Paloma Helena Fernandes Shimabukuro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Species Being

Abstract The transmission of pathogens that cause leishmaniases occurs by the bite of female sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in their vertebrate hosts, which makes the identification of their bloodmeal sources an important step for the control and epidemiology of these diseases. In Brazil, the state of Roraima has a great diversity of sand flies, vertebrate hosts, and protozoan Leishmania, but little is known about the host blood-feeding preferences of sand flies. Thus, we evaluated the bloodmeal sources of sand flies collected from their sylvatic habitats in Parque Nacional do Viruá, Roraima. Fieldwork was carried-out between 13th and 18th August 2019 using CDC light traps. Sand flies were slide-mounted and morphologically identified using the head and last segments of the abdomen. Engorged females had their DNA extracted, followed by amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome b (cytb) molecular marker for vertebrates. Sequences were analyzed and compared with those from GenBank using the BLASTn search tool, in addition to the reconstruction of a phylogenetic tree to demonstrate the clustering pattern of these sequences. A total of 1,209 sand flies were identified, comprising 20 species, in which the most abundant were Psychodopygus ayrozai (Barretto and Coutinho) (42.10%) and Psychodopygus chagasi (Costa Lima) (26.22%). Bloodmeal source identification was successfully performed for 34 sand flies, that confirm four vertebrate species, being the most abundant the armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cingulata: Dasypodidae).

scholarly journals Clustering of eyes with age-related macular degeneration or pachychoroid spectrum diseases based on choroidal thickness profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ho Kim ◽  
Boram Lee ◽  
Edward Kang ◽  
Jaeryung Oh
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Soft Drusen ◽  
Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Pathogenesis ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Normal Controls

AbstractChoroidal changes have been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of both age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid spectrum diseases (PSD). To find out the choroidal characteristics of each disease groups, various groups of AMD and PSD were classified into several clusters according to choroidal profiles based on subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), peripapillary CT, the ratio of subfoveal CT to peripapillary CT and age. We retrospectively analyzed 661 eyes, including 190 normal controls and 471 with AMD or PSDs. In the AMD groups, eyes with soft drusen or reticular pseudodrusen were belonged to the same cluster as those with classic exudative AMD (all p < 0.001). However, eyes with pachydrusen were not clustered with eyes from other AMD groups; instead, they were classified in the same cluster as eyes from the PSD group (all p < 0.001). In the PSD group, eyes with pachychoroid neovasculopathy were grouped in the same cluster of those with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (p < 0.001). The cluster analysis based on the CT profiles, including subfoveal CT, peripapillary CT, and their ratio, revealed a clustering pattern of eyes with AMD and PSDs. These findings support the suggestion that pachydrusen has the common pathogenesis as PSD.

scholarly journals Relationships among cultivated peas and their wild relatives: Molecular and morphological characterization

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019
Author(s):  
Fatih Hanci ◽  
Esra Cebeci
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Polymorphism Level ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Simple Sequence

This study was conducted to determine relationship between some wild pea accessions (Pisum fulvum L., P. abyssinicum L., P. sativum var. elatius), local varieties (P. sativum var. sativum L. and P. sativum var. arvense L.) and commercial varieties “Boogie” and “Rondo”. The genetic diversity was evaluated with 14 simple sequence repeat markers and 50 morphological characters. The results of morphology indicated that, genotypes showed a clustering pattern based on the taxonomic groups when considering only flower characters and all morphological characters. During the molecular study, a total of 48 alleles were obtained. Used all primers showed polymorphism in accessions. The number of alleles varied between 2 - 6 among 14 SSR loci revealing the polymorphism level of markers. Similarity coefficient (Dice’s) ranged from 0.100 to 0.800 with an average of 0.378. A dendrogram grouped the 15 genotypes into two main clusters. This information can be utilized for genetic analysis, genotype identification from different sources and development of improved germplasm.

scholarly journals SSR DNA marker aided genetic diversity assessment of selected willow clones

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Singh ◽  
S. Joshi ◽  
P. Choudhary ◽  
J.P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Clustering Pattern

Around 100 clones of tree willows were subjected for nursery screening twice on morphometric traits. Genetic diversity was assessed in twenty-five genetically superior willow clones hailing from six countries using 16 SSR primers. Fourteen primers amplified the DNA but only ten showed polymorphism. Total 34 bands were scored, out of that 27 were found to be polymorphic and 7 were monomorphic. Three primers showed 100% polymorphism whereas 79.4% polymorphism was recorded in total. The dendrogram obtained from SSR markers revealed that clone SE-69-002 (S. matsudana) and NZ-1040 (S. matsudana X S. alba) as most similar clones (Jaccards coefficient of 0.97), and clone PN-721(S. matsudana X S. alba) and PN-731 (S. nigra), as most divergent clones (Jaccards coefficient of 0.63). All the genotypes were grouped into 4 distinct clusters. On the basis of similarity coefficient analysis the first cluster comprised of 11 genotypes, the second cluster have 8 genotypes where as third one has only one genotype and fourth cluster retained five genotypes. The clustering pattern further indicated that the geographic distribution may not be the reflection of genetic diversity in willow clones. Genotypes with high molecular diversity could be used in breeding programme in order to obtain heterotic hybrids and development of gene pools with broad genetic base. The genotype specific bands developed by the SSR primers could also be used for identification of cultivar.

scholarly journals Factor analysis for the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors and sedentary behavior, a cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242365
Author(s):  
Tsung-Ying Tsai ◽  
Pai-Feng Hsu ◽  
Chung-Chi Lin ◽  
Yuan-Jen Wang ◽  
Yaw-Zon Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Validation Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Clustering Pattern

Background Few studies have reported on the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors, including sedentary behavior, systemic inflammation, and cadiometabolic components in the general population. Objective We aimed to explore the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors using exploratory factor analysis to investigate the underlying relationships between various CVD risk factors. Methods A total of 5606 subjects (3157 male, 51.5±11.7 y/o) were enrolled, and 14 cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in an exploratory group (n = 3926) and a validation group (n = 1676), including sedentary behaviors. Results Five factor clusters were identified to explain 69.4% of the total variance, including adiposity (BMI, TG, HDL, UA, and HsCRP; 21.3%), lipids (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol; 14.0%), blood pressure (SBP and DBP; 13.3%), glucose (HbA1C, fasting glucose; 12.9%), and sedentary behavior (MET and sitting time; 8.0%). The inflammation biomarker HsCRP was clustered with only adiposity factors and not with other cardiometabolic risk factors, and the clustering pattern was verified in the validation group. Conclusion This study confirmed the clustering structure of cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, including sedentary behavior. HsCRP was clustered with adiposity factors, while physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were clustered with each other.

scholarly journals Study on dispersion of genetic variation among Indian garlic ecotypes using agro morphological traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Prashant Benke ◽  
Anil Khar ◽  
Vijay Mahajan ◽  
Amarjeet Gupta ◽  
Major Singh
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Clustering Pattern

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) a clonally propagated bulbous crop, is of high medicinal value owing to its sulphur-containing compounds. Although asexually propagated, garlic depicts wide genetic diversity in agro-morphological traits and biochemical composition. A study was conducted to dissect the extent of genetic divergence among 625 Indian garlic genotypes considering 21 agro-morphological traits. Pooled analysis exhibited significant variation among accessions for various morphological traits. Ward’s clustering method clustered germplasm collection into three distinct groups. Clustering pattern did not correspond with geographical origin of accessions. Strong and positive correlation of marketable yield with plant weight with leaves (r = 0.83), plant weight without leaves (r = 0.84), average bulb weight (r = 0.50), plant height (r = 0.58), pseudostem length (r = 0.59), number of leaves (r = 0.54) and weight of fifty cloves (r = 0.49) was recorded. These traits will be useful for direct selection in crops like garlic. Principal Component analysis minimised 21 components up to 12 vectors which measured nearly 90% variation. Conservation of such vital and diverse garlic genotype is prerequisite to assure successful selection breeding programme.

scholarly journals Consistent Clustering Pattern of Prokaryotic Genes Based on Base Frequency at the Second Codon Position and its Association with Functional Category Preference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ting Jin ◽  
Cong Ma ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Shu-Xuan Wang ◽  
Kai-Yue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Codon Position ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Functional Category ◽  
Gene Clustering ◽  
Base Frequency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prokaryotic Genomes ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
Clustering Pattern

AbstractIn 2002, our research group observed a gene clustering pattern based on the base frequency of A versus T at the second codon position in the genome of Vibrio cholera and found that the functional category distribution of genes in the two clusters was different. With the availability of a large number of sequenced genomes, we performed a systematic investigation of A2–T2 distribution and found that 2694 out of 2764 prokaryotic genomes have an optimal clustering number of two, indicating a consistent pattern. Analysis of the functional categories of the coding genes in each cluster in 1483 prokaryotic genomes indicated, that 99.33% of the genomes exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.01) in function distribution between the two clusters. Specifically, functional category P was overrepresented in the small cluster of 98.65% of genomes, whereas categories J, K, and L were overrepresented in the larger cluster of over 98.52% of genomes. Lineage analysis uncovered that these preferences appear consistently across all phyla. Overall, our work revealed an almost universal clustering pattern based on the relative frequency of A2 versus T2 and its role in functional category preference. These findings will promote the understanding of the rationality of theoretical prediction of functional classes of genes from their nucleotide sequences and how protein function is determined by DNA sequence. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Phenotypic Divergence In Tomato Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
MZ Ullah ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
M Samsuzzaman ◽  
MA Main
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Phenotypic Divergence ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
Fruit Pericarp ◽  
Pericarp Thickness ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Range Test

Phenotypic divergence was quantified by multivariate analysis among the 70 genotypes collected from different agro-climatic regions and was available in the gene bank of Energypac Agro Ltd., Gazipur, Bangladesh. Based on the phenotypic value of 11 characters, 70 genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The genotypes of tomato were distributed in different clusters suggesting that no association was found between geographical and phenotypic diversity. Cluster II consisted of maximum twenty three genotypes (32.86%) followed by cluster III of sixteen genotypes (22.85%). Cluster IV and Cluster V comprised of thirteen (18.57%) and ten genotypes (14.29%), respectively. Cluster I consisted of eight genotypes (11.43%). The highest intra-cluster divergence (0.061) for cluster I was invariably smaller than the lowest inter-cluster divergence between cluster IV and cluster V (2.83), thus authenticating the clustering pattern formed in this study. The intra-cluster divergence ranged from 0.007 to 0.061, whereas the inter-cluster divergence ranged from 2.83 to 8.34 between clusters IV and V and clusters III and V, respectively. The four characters that played the greatest role in differentiation were locule number per fruit, pericarp thickness, fruits per plant and days to 50% flowering. Twenty homozygous parents (15 female and five male) were selected from five clusters using range test among genotypes within cluster. From cluster I parents TM409, TM386 and TM528 and from cluster III parents TM403 and TM349 were selected as male. Parents TM356, TM361, TM368, TM371, TM377, TM384, TM422 and TM423 from cluster II; parents TM388, TM390, TM392 and TM410 from cluster IV and parents TM382, TM419 and TM360 from cluster V were selected as female. SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 185-195 (2019)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document