The relationship betweenVerticillium albo-atrum inoculum density and potato yield

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Nnodu ◽  
M. D. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Potato Yield ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Agroecological Determinants of Potato Spatiotemporal Yield Variation at the Landscape Level in the Central and Northern Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Zymaroieva ◽  
Tetiana Fedoniuk ◽  
Svitlana Matkovska ◽  
Olena Andreieva ◽  
Victor Pazych
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
The Relationship

Global food security largely depends on the crop yield increase, so the study of the yield-limiting factors of potato (the second bread) is a pressing issue today. This study determines the contribution of the agroecological factors, namely, bioclimatic variables, soil indicators, and factors of landscape diversity, to the variation in potato yields. Conducted in Polissya and Forest-steppe zones of Ukraine during 1991–2017, this study has not only addressed the relationship between ecological determinants and potato yields, but also considered crop yields as a dynamic system. The dynamics of potato yields from the mid-1990s to the present is described by a log-logistic model. There are statistically significant regression dependencies between potato yield parameters and agroecological factors. Potato yield is dependent on the diversity of landscape cover. The relationship between yield parameters and landscape-ecological diversity is non-linear, which determines the presence of optimal landscape structure for the highest potato yields. Among climatic factors, the continental climate is of the greatest importance for potato yield. The high sensitivity of potato yield parameters to soil indices was found, and mostly the soil texture components (silt content), which largely determines the potato yield spatial variation.

scholarly journals Influence of Inoculum Density of Verticillium dahliae on Root Discoloration of Horseradish

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khan ◽  
N. Atibalentja ◽  
D. M. Eastburn
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Disease Forecast ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between inoculum density (number of microsclerotia per gram of air-dried soil) of Verticillium dahliae at the time of planting and the severity and incidence of root discoloration of horseradish at harvest was investigated in a 2-year study conducted in the greenhouse, microplots, and commercial production fields. The objective of the study was to develop a disease-forecast system that would assist growers in assessing the risk of the disease before planting horseradish in a particular field. Significant correlations were observed between inoculum density and severity and incidence of root discoloration in the greenhouse and microplots, although the form of the relationship varied with trials from linear to quadratic and negative exponential. No correlation was found between inoculum density of V. dahliae and severity and incidence of root discoloration in commercial production fields. In some fields with low inoculum densities, high ratings of severity and incidence of root discoloration were observed even with the partially resistant cultivar 769A. Conversely, in other fields with high inoculum densities, low ratings of severity and incidence of discolored roots were observed even with the susceptible cultivar 647A. These results suggest that a disease-forecast system based solely on inoculum densities of V. dahliae would be unreliable under field conditions when the other factors affecting the inoculum density-disease relationships cannot be controlled. Knowing the amount of initial inoculum may, however, save growers from planting horseradish in highly infested fields, but it would not guarantee a disease-free crop in fields with low levels of infestation.

scholarly journals Inoculum Density-Disease Development Relationship in Verticillium Wilt of Artichoke Caused by Verticillium dahliae

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1131-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Berbegal ◽  
A. Ortega ◽  
J. García-Jiménez ◽  
J. Armengol
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between inoculum density of Verticillium dahliae in soil and disease development was studied in 10 commercial artichoke fields. Inoculum density of V. dahliae varied between 2.2 and 34.2 microsclerotia (ms) g–1 of soil near planting. Artichoke plants were monitored for disease at the beginning and the end of each growing season. There was a significant correlation, which was best described by negative exponential models, between inoculum density and disease incidence, symptom severity, and recovery of the pathogen from the plants. Inoculum densities ranging from 5 to 9 ms g–1 of soil were associated with a mean percentage of infected plants of about 50%. Additionally, three fields were monitored in two consecutive growing seasons to evaluate the population dynamics of V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil and disease development. Numbers of microsclerotia per gram of soil decreased significantly by the end of the first growing season but slightly increased at the end of the second growing season. In these fields, symptom severity was greatest during the second growing season when high percentages of infected plants also were recorded.

scholarly journals APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI, KIMIA DAN METODE KONSERVASI TANAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) PADA ANDISOL DI BREBES

Agrin ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Naimatul Khoiriyah ◽  
Tamad Tamad ◽  
Joko Maryanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
The Relationship

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik hayati, kimia dan metode konservasitanah terhadap hasil kentang di andisol, serta hubungan hasil kentang dan serapan P dengan perlakuan pupukorganik hayati, kimia dan metode konservasi di andisol. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Maret-Desember 2017 di DesaPandansari, Paguyangan, Brebes dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas JenderalSoedirman, Purwokerto. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAK faktorial dengan tiga faktor. Faktorpertama yaitu pupuk organik (P) dengan 6 taraf terdiri dari P1 (kontrol), P2 (POH 20 ton/ha), P3 (POH 15 ton/ha),P4 (POH 10 ton/ha), P5 (POH 5 ton/ha) dan P6 (POH 2,5 ton/ha). Faktor kedua adalah pupuk kimia (K) dengan 4taraf yaitu K1 (kontrol), K2 (dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur), K3 (1/2 dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur) dan K4(1/4 dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur). Faktor ketiga yaitu lereng dengan 3 taraf, yang terdiri dari L1 (kontrol), L2(bedengan sejajar kontur miring 10%) dan L3 (bedengan sejajar kontur). Variabel yang diamati yaitu tinggitanaman, jumlah daun, hasil kentang, pH H2O, dan serapan P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organikhayati dan kimia dengan metode konservasi tanah berpengaruh terhadap hasil kentang di andisol dan terdapathubungan korelasi antara hasil kentang dan serapan P.Kata kunci: serapan P, hasil kentang dan andisolABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of biological organic fertilizer, chemistry and soil conservation methodson the results of potatoes at andisol, as well as the relationship between potato yield and P uptake by treatment ofbiological organic fertilizers, chemicals and conservation methods in andisol. This research was conducted inMarch-December 2017 in Pandansari Village, Paguyangan, Brebes and Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty ofAgriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. The experimental design used was factorial RandomizedGroup Design (RAK) with three factors. The first factor is organic fertilizer (P) with 6 levels consisting of P1(control), P2 (POH 20 tons / ha), P3 (POH 15 tons / ha), P4 (POH 10 tons / ha), P5 (POH 5 tons / ha) and P6(POH 2.5 tons / ha). The second factor is chemical fertilizer (K) with 4 levels, namely K1 (control), K2(recommended dosage and 200 kg of lime), K3 (1/2 recommended dose and 200 kg of lime) and K4 (1/4recommended dose and 200 kg chalk). The third factor is the slope with 3 levels, which consists of L1 (control),L2 (10% sloping contour parallel beds) and L3 (contour parallel beds). The variables observed were plant height,leaf number, potato yield, H2O pH, and P. uptake. The results showed that biological and chemical organicfertilizers with soil conservation methods influenced the yield of potatoes in andisol and there was a correlationbetween potato yields and P uptake.Keywords: P uptake, potato yield and andisol

Relationship between Visual Injury from Synthetic Auxin and Glyphosate Herbicides and Snap Bean and Potato Yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Daniel J. Heider ◽  
Richard A. Rittmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Tuber Size Distribution ◽  
The Relationship

Agronomic crops with resistance to the herbicides dicamba and 2,4-D are currently in the regulatory approval process. The potential increased use of these herbicides has raised concern among vegetable producers about potential off-target movement and implications to crop yield. The overall goal of this research was to describe the relationship between visually estimated crop injury and snap bean and potato yield and quality. In snap bean in 2011, injury from dicamba 7 d after treatment (DAT) ranged from 19% at the 1.2 g ae ha−1application rate to 45% at the 7.0 g ae ha−1application rate. By 28 DAT in 2011, injury from 2,4-D was similar to the nontreated control. However, early-season injury in 2011 delayed snap bean flowering and reduced crop yield compared to the nontreated control for all treatments except where the 1.4 g ae ha−1rate of 2,4-D and glyphosate at 7.0 g ae ha−1were applied. Snap bean injury from dicamba was greater than that from 2,4-D at all rating timings in 2011 and two of three rating timings in 2012, and crop yield was reduced compared to where 2,4-D was applied and the nontreated control in both years. Potato tuber size distribution was variable and total yield did not differ among treatments and the nontreated control in 2011. In 2012, tuber size distribution was again variable, but more nonmarketable cull potatoes were harvested when dicamba was applied to 25-cm potato plants at the 7.0 g ae ha−1rate compared to any other treatment. Snap bean injury observations about 3 wk prior to harvest were strongly correlated with crop yield (r= −0.84 and −0.88 in 2011 and 2012, respectively), allowing time to make informed harvest decisions relative to crop quality. In contrast, the relationship between potato injury and tuber yield was poor and highly variable in both years.

scholarly journals Races and Inoculum Density of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum in Commercial Watermelon Fields in Maryland and Delaware

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. G. Zhou ◽  
K. L. Everts
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
The Relationship

A survey was conducted to determine races and inoculum density of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of watermelon in Maryland and Delaware. Virulence on six differential cultivars was tested for each of 63 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, obtained from 25 commercial watermelon fields. Thirteen isolates (21%) were identified as race 0, 36 isolates (57%) as race 1, and 14 isolates (22%) as race 2. Races 0 and 1 were present in 12 (48%) and 10 (40%) of the fields, respectively. The highly aggressive race 2 was identified from five fields in two counties in Maryland and from one field in Delaware, representing 24% of the fields. Race 2 was copresent with one or two other races. Race 2 (19 isolates) predominated among the 25 isolates obtained from a research field in Maryland. Nineteen commercial fields had inoculum densities of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum ranging from 100 to 1,200 CFU/g of soil at harvest. Within this range of inoculum densities, >20% incidence of wilt was observed when the susceptible watermelon cv. Sugar Baby was planted in samples of soil collected from these fields. The relationship (P < 0.0001) between inoculum density of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum (X) and incidence of Fusarium wilt (Y) on Sugar Baby was best described using the monomolecular equation, Y = 1 - exp[-0.0013 (X + 166)]. The ratio of pathogenic to total population of F. oxysporum in the fields linearly increased with increasing inoculum density of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum (R 2 = 0.4; P < 0.0009).

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