Agroecological Determinants of Potato Spatiotemporal Yield Variation at the Landscape Level in the Central and Northern Ukraine

Global food security largely depends on the crop yield increase, so the study of the yield-limiting factors of potato (the second bread) is a pressing issue today. This study determines the contribution of the agroecological factors, namely, bioclimatic variables, soil indicators, and factors of landscape diversity, to the variation in potato yields. Conducted in Polissya and Forest-steppe zones of Ukraine during 1991–2017, this study has not only addressed the relationship between ecological determinants and potato yields, but also considered crop yields as a dynamic system. The dynamics of potato yields from the mid-1990s to the present is described by a log-logistic model. There are statistically significant regression dependencies between potato yield parameters and agroecological factors. Potato yield is dependent on the diversity of landscape cover. The relationship between yield parameters and landscape-ecological diversity is non-linear, which determines the presence of optimal landscape structure for the highest potato yields. Among climatic factors, the continental climate is of the greatest importance for potato yield. The high sensitivity of potato yield parameters to soil indices was found, and mostly the soil texture components (silt content), which largely determines the potato yield spatial variation.

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Дослідження просторових моделей варіювання урожайності картоплі у Поліській та Лісостеповій зонах України

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2019.01.06 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

А. А. Зимароєва

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Principal Component ◽

Potato Yield ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Variation Patterns ◽

Software Product ◽

Specific Variation ◽

R Programming ◽

Potato Yields

Метою даної роботи було встановлення закономірності просторово-часової варіабельності урожайності картоплі у Поліський і Лісостеповій зонах України та визначення співвідношення факторів динаміки агроекономічної та агроеклогічної природи. Методика дослідження. Закономірності просторової неоднорідності урожайності картоплі на території 267 адміністративних районів України протягом 27 років вивчалися за допомогою аналізу головних компонент (PCA). Статистичний аналіз виконаний за допомогою програмного продукту Statistica 10, а також бібліотеки REdaS для середовища статистичних розрахунків R. Результати дослідження. Аналіз головних компонент залишків моделі часового тренду дозволив встановити три аспекти мінливості врожайності картоплі в межах дослідженої території, або головні компоненти. Разом ці три головні компоненти описують 43,1% загальної варіабельності урожайності картоплі. Змінні, які застосовані в аналізі головних компонент, є порядковими величинами – роками, тому навантаження головних компонент на них можуть бути представлені, як динамічні зміни у часі. Тому головні компоненти віддзеркалюють специфічні патерни коливальної природи варіювання врожайності картоплі у часі, які є просторово визначеними. На основі характеру варіювання нами зроблені припущення стосовно природи даних головних компонент. Наукова новизна роботи полягала у тому, що вперше було застосовано аналіз головних компонент щодо врожайності картоплі в Україні та виявлено фактори, що обумовлюють її мінливість. Практична значущість. Карти просторового варіювання головних компонент можуть бути основою для агроекологічного зонування території. This paper is aimed at establishing the regularities of the spatial-temporal variability of potato yield in Polissia and Forest-Steppe zones of Ukraine and determining the correlation between the dynamics factors of agro-economic and agro-ecological nature. Methods of research. The regularities of spatial heterogeneity of potato yield on the territory of 267 administrative districts of Ukraine for over 27 years were studied using the principal component analysis (PCA). The statistical analysis was conducted using the Statistica 10 software product, as well as REdaS library for the statistical calculations in R Programming Environment. The research results. Principal components analysis of the time trend model residues enabled to establish three aspects of potato yield variability within the studied area, or the principal components. Taken together, these three principal components explain 43.1% of the overall potato yields variability. The variables used in the PCA are the ordinal quantities – the years, so the loadings of the principal components on the variables can be represented as dynamic changes in time. Therefore, the principal components of oscillatory patterns reflect the specific variation patterns of potato yield in time, and these patterns are spatially defined. These oscillatory processes are of ecological origin. Concerning the dynamic aspect, these principal components are determined by different frequency characteristics of variation in time. Based on the character of the variation, we made the assumptions about the nature of the given principal components. Scientific novelty. It was for the first time that the PCA was used for studying the data concerning potato yields, and the factors that determined yields variability were identified. Practical significance. Maps of the spatial variation of principal components can be the basis for agro-ecological zoning of the territory.

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APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI, KIMIA DAN METODE KONSERVASI TANAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) PADA ANDISOL DI BREBES

Agrin ◽

10.20884/1.agrin.2018.22.2.462 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 132

Author(s):

Naimatul Khoiriyah ◽

Tamad Tamad ◽

Joko Maryanto

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

P Uptake ◽

Potato Yield ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Soil Science ◽

Recommended Dosage ◽

Potato Yields ◽

The Relationship

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik hayati, kimia dan metode konservasitanah terhadap hasil kentang di andisol, serta hubungan hasil kentang dan serapan P dengan perlakuan pupukorganik hayati, kimia dan metode konservasi di andisol. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Maret-Desember 2017 di DesaPandansari, Paguyangan, Brebes dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas JenderalSoedirman, Purwokerto. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAK faktorial dengan tiga faktor. Faktorpertama yaitu pupuk organik (P) dengan 6 taraf terdiri dari P1 (kontrol), P2 (POH 20 ton/ha), P3 (POH 15 ton/ha),P4 (POH 10 ton/ha), P5 (POH 5 ton/ha) dan P6 (POH 2,5 ton/ha). Faktor kedua adalah pupuk kimia (K) dengan 4taraf yaitu K1 (kontrol), K2 (dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur), K3 (1/2 dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur) dan K4(1/4 dosis anjuran dan 200 kg kapur). Faktor ketiga yaitu lereng dengan 3 taraf, yang terdiri dari L1 (kontrol), L2(bedengan sejajar kontur miring 10%) dan L3 (bedengan sejajar kontur). Variabel yang diamati yaitu tinggitanaman, jumlah daun, hasil kentang, pH H2O, dan serapan P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organikhayati dan kimia dengan metode konservasi tanah berpengaruh terhadap hasil kentang di andisol dan terdapathubungan korelasi antara hasil kentang dan serapan P.Kata kunci: serapan P, hasil kentang dan andisolABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of biological organic fertilizer, chemistry and soil conservation methodson the results of potatoes at andisol, as well as the relationship between potato yield and P uptake by treatment ofbiological organic fertilizers, chemicals and conservation methods in andisol. This research was conducted inMarch-December 2017 in Pandansari Village, Paguyangan, Brebes and Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty ofAgriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. The experimental design used was factorial RandomizedGroup Design (RAK) with three factors. The first factor is organic fertilizer (P) with 6 levels consisting of P1(control), P2 (POH 20 tons / ha), P3 (POH 15 tons / ha), P4 (POH 10 tons / ha), P5 (POH 5 tons / ha) and P6(POH 2.5 tons / ha). The second factor is chemical fertilizer (K) with 4 levels, namely K1 (control), K2(recommended dosage and 200 kg of lime), K3 (1/2 recommended dose and 200 kg of lime) and K4 (1/4recommended dose and 200 kg chalk). The third factor is the slope with 3 levels, which consists of L1 (control),L2 (10% sloping contour parallel beds) and L3 (contour parallel beds). The variables observed were plant height,leaf number, potato yield, H2O pH, and P. uptake. The results showed that biological and chemical organicfertilizers with soil conservation methods influenced the yield of potatoes in andisol and there was a correlationbetween potato yields and P uptake.Keywords: P uptake, potato yield and andisol

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Impacts of Recent Climate Change on Potato Yields at a Provincial Scale in Northwest China

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030426 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 426

Author(s):

Qiang Li ◽

Suiqi Zhang

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Moving Average ◽

Northwest China ◽

Climatic Factor ◽

Potato Yield ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Recent Climate ◽

Potato Yields ◽

Provincial Scale

Understanding the effects of climate change on potato yield is vital for food security in northwest China. Based on the long-term data of yields and meteorology, this study analysed the impacts of recent climate change on potato yields at a provincial scale in northwest China. The first difference method was used to disentangle the contributions of climate change from the changes in potato yield in two consecutive years. The moving average method was used to decouple the climate-induced yield of potato. The results showed that the yield and planting area of potato from the period 1982 to 2015 increased markedly, with inter-annual fluctuations. The temperature increased significantly during the potato growing period in northwest China, while other climatic factors did not change significantly. Specifically, the changing trends in climatic factors varied among different provinces. The key meteorological factors limiting potato yield were temperature, precipitation and diurnal temperature range, varying in the different provinces. Potato yields in Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia and Xinjiang decreased by 127, 289, 199 and 339 kg ha−1, respectively, for every 1 °C increase in daily maximum temperature. The potato yield in Xinjiang decreased by 583 kg ha−1 for every 1 °C increase in daily minimum temperature. For every 100 mm increase in precipitation, the potato yields in Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia increased by 250, 375 and 182 kg ha−1, respectively. Combining the first difference method and the moving average method, precipitation was the dominant climatic factor affecting potato yield in rain-fed areas (Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia). For areas with irrigation (Xinjiang) or relatively high rainfall (Shaanxi), maximum temperature was the deciding climatic factor affecting potato yield. Appropriate adaptation to climate change in the different regions will help to ensure potato production in northwest China.

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Ukrainian Chernozem Fertility Reproduction under Soil Conservation Agriculture

Agrobìologìâ ◽

10.33245/2310-9270-2020-157-1-67-79 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 67-79

Author(s):

Yu. Kravchenko

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Conservation Agriculture ◽

Instructional Materials ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Typical Chernozem ◽

Degradation Processes ◽

Biological Potential

In Ukraine 57.5 % of agricultural land is subjected to erosion with 10–24 million tons of humus, 0.3–0.96 million tons of nitrogen, 0.7–0.9 million tons of phosphorus and 6–12 million tons of potassium lost annually. Degradation processes are also common on chernozems, which cover about 60 % of the Ukrainian territory. The aim of the research is to defi ne the most eff ective soil conservation practices and legislative decisions aimed to conservation/recovering the Ukrainian chernozem fertility. The experimental data of the agrochemical certifi cation of Ukrainian lands, data from scientifi c papers, stock and instructional materials as well as our own fi eld and laboratory studies were used. It has been established that the long-term use of deep subsurface tillage on typical chernozem increases, compared with plowing, the content of 10–0.25 mm of air-dry and water-resistant aggregates, the bulk density, soil water storages, water infi ltration rates, the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium, pHH2O, CaCO3 stocks, the contents of humic and fulvic acids, molecular weights of humic acids – by 5.5 and 3.06 %; 0.05 g/cm3; 25.5 mm; 22.6 mm/h; 0.1 and 3 mg/100 g of soil; 0.03 pHH2O; 18 t/ha, 0.02 and 0.04 %, 91195 kDa, respectively. Fertilizers may contribute to the crop yields increase from by 60% in the Polissya, by 40 % – in the Forest Steppe, by 15 % – in the Wet Steppe, by 10 % – in the Dry Steppe and by 40 % – in the Irrigated Steppe areas. In soil-conservation rotations, the crop placement and alternation are advisable to combine with strips or hills sowing, taking into account the local relief features; soil alkalinization, applying anti-erosion structures. Ukrainian agriculture will receive additional 10–12 million tons of forage units or 20–22 % from all fodder in a fi eld agriculture under increasing 8–10 % of arable lands for intercrops. It is advisable to mulch the eroded chernozems of Ukraine depending on their texture composition: 1.3 t/ha of mulch for sandy and loamy soils, 1.9 t/ha – for sandy and 1.1 t/ha – for loamy soils. The implementation of soil conservation agriculture can minimize some soil degradation processes and improve eff ective soil properties required to realize the biological potential of cultivated plants. Key words: chernozem, degradation, fertility, soil conservation technologies, agriculture policy.

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Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

Kartofel` i ovoshi ◽

10.25630/pav.2018.8.18314 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽

T.P. Sherstyukova ◽

M.L. Gamolina

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Potato Yield ◽

The State ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

State Register ◽

Region Selection ◽

New Varieties ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

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Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" ◽

10.31073/zem.94.55-61 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (94) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

R.O. Myalkovsky

Keyword(s):

Meteorological Factors ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Potato Yield ◽

High Yield ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Lower Yield ◽

The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

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Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2020-97-1-136-144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (97) ◽

pp. 136-144

Author(s):

H.M. Hospodarenko ◽

◽

I.V. Prokopchuk ◽

K. P. Leonova ◽

V.P. Boyko

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

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Assessing the Sensitivity of Main Crop Yields to Climate Change Impacts in China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12020172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Yuan Xu ◽

Jieming Chou ◽

Fan Yang ◽

Mingyang Sun ◽

Weixing Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Food Production ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Climatic Data ◽

The South ◽

The North ◽

Output Elasticity ◽

The Impact

Quantitatively assessing the spatial divergence of the sensitivity of crop yield to climate change is of great significance for reducing the climate change risk to food production. We use socio-economic and climatic data from 1981 to 2015 to examine how climate variability led to variation in yield, as simulated by an economy–climate model (C-D-C). The sensitivity of crop yield to the impact of climate change refers to the change in yield caused by changing climatic factors under the condition of constant non-climatic factors. An ‘output elasticity of comprehensive climate factor (CCF)’ approach determines the sensitivity, using the yields per hectare for grain, rice, wheat and maize in China’s main grain-producing areas as a case study. The results show that the CCF has a negative trend at a rate of −0.84/(10a) in the North region, while a positive trend of 0.79/(10a) is observed for the South region. Climate change promotes the ensemble increase in yields, and the contribution of agricultural labor force and total mechanical power to yields are greater, indicating that the yield in major grain-producing areas mainly depends on labor resources and the level of mechanization. However, the sensitivities to climate change of different crop yields to climate change present obvious regional differences: the sensitivity to climate change of the yield per hectare for maize in the North region was stronger than that in the South region. Therefore, the increase in the yield per hectare for maize in the North region due to the positive impacts of climate change was greater than that in the South region. In contrast, the sensitivity to climate change of the yield per hectare for rice in the South region was stronger than that in the North region. Furthermore, the sensitivity to climate change of maize per hectare yield was stronger than that of rice and wheat in the North region, and that of rice was the highest of the three crop yields in the South region. Finally, the economy–climate sensitivity zones of different crops were determined by the output elasticity of the CCF to help adapt to climate change and prevent food production risks.

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The Relationship between Tree-Ring Growths of Pinus densiflora and Climate from Three Mountains in Central Region, the Republic of Korea

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12070878 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 878

Author(s):

Chang-Hyun Park ◽

Ui-Cheon Lee ◽

Soo-Chul Kim ◽

Kwang-Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

National Parks ◽

Central Region ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Pinus Densiflora ◽

Ring Width ◽

Republic Of Korea ◽

Logarithmic Curve ◽

The Republic ◽

The Relationship

To analyze the relationship between climatic factors (monthly mean temperature and total precipitation) and tree-ring growths of Pinus densiflora from the central region of the Republic of Korea, more than 20 trees were sampled from three national parks. The tree-ring chronology of Mt. Bukhan covering the period of 1917–2016 was assessed, as well as that of Mt. Seorak across 1687–2017 and Mt. Worak across 1777–2017. After cross-dating, each ring-width series was double-standardized by first fitting a logarithmic curve and then a 50 year cubic spline. Climate-growth relationships were computed with bootstrap correlation functions. The result of the analysis showed a positive response from the current March temperature and May precipitations for tree-ring growth of Pinus densiflora. It indicates that a higher temperature supply during early spring season and precipitation during cambium activity are important for radial growths of Pinus densiflora from the central region in the Republic of Korea.

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Spatiotemporal Variation of the Burned Area and Its Relationship with Climatic Factors in Central Kazakhstan

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13020313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 313

Author(s):

Yongfang Xu ◽

Zhaohui Lin ◽

Chenglai Wu

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Central Asia ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Spatiotemporal Variation ◽

Lower Atmosphere ◽

Burned Area ◽

Circulation Index ◽

Precipitation Anomalies ◽

The Relationship

Central Asia is prone to wildfires, but the relationship between wildfires and climatic factors in this area is still not clear. In this study, the spatiotemporal variation in wildfire activities across Central Asia during 1997–2016 in terms of the burned area (BA) was investigated with Global Fire Emission Database version 4s (GFED4s). The relationship between BA and climatic factors in the region was also analyzed. The results reveal that more than 90% of the BA across Central Asia is located in Kazakhstan. The peak BA occurs from June to September, and remarkable interannual variation in wildfire activities occurs in western central Kazakhstan (WCKZ). At the interannual scale, the BA is negatively correlated with precipitation (correlation coefficient r = −0.66), soil moisture (r = −0.68), and relative humidity (r = −0.65), while it is positively correlated with the frequency of hot days (r = 0.37) during the burning season (from June to September). Composite analysis suggests that the years in which the BA is higher are generally associated with positive geopotential height anomalies at 500 hPa over the WCKZ region, which lead to the strengthening of the downdraft at 500 hPa and the weakening of westerlies at 850 hPa over the region. The weakened westerlies suppress the transport of water vapor from the Atlantic Ocean to the WCKZ region, resulting in decreased precipitation, soil moisture, and relative humidity in the lower atmosphere over the WCKZ region; these conditions promote an increase in BA throughout the region. Moreover, the westerly circulation index is positively correlated (r = 0.53) with precipitation anomalies and negatively correlated (r = −0.37) with BA anomalies in the WCKZ region during the burning season, which further underscores that wildfires associated with atmospheric circulation systems are becoming an increasingly important component of the relationship between climate and wildfire.

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