Urban mobility and private car dependency

Urban Forum ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Howe
Keyword(s):  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Private Car

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Mobility: Empirical Evidence from the City of Santander (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Aloi ◽  
Borja Alonso ◽  
Juan Benavente ◽  
Rubén Cordera ◽  
Eneko Echániz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Northern City

This article analyses the impact that the confinement measures or quarantine imposed in Spain on 15 March 2020 had on urban mobility in the northern city of Santander. Data have been collected from traffic counters, public transport ITS, and recordings from traffic control cameras and environmental sensors to make comparisons between journey flows and times before and during the confinement. This data has been used to re-estimate Origin-Destination trip matrices to obtain an initial diagnostic of how daily mobility has been reduced and how the modal distribution and journey purposes have changed. The impact on externalities such as NO2 emissions and traffic accidents have also been quantified. The analysis revealed an overall mobility fall of 76%, being less important in the case of the private car. Public transport users dropped by up to 93%, NO2 emissions were reduced by up to 60%, and traffic accidents were reduced by up to 67% in relative terms.

scholarly journals Analyzing Urban Residents’ Appraisal of Ridepooling Service Attributes with Conjoint Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra König ◽  
Tabea Bonus ◽  
Jan Grippenkoven
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Private Car ◽  
German City ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
Operational Concept

Public ridepooling systems could contribute to the reduction of traffic volume and emissions in cities by decreasing the number of rides by private car while increasing the average number of passengers per vehicle. Yet, it is unknown how urban travelers value different attributes of the ridepooling’s operational concept. Which characteristics of ridepooling concepts are most important to the users? In order to obtain a deeper understanding of travelers’ preferences concerning a ridepooling system, choice-based Conjoint Analysis was performed. Based on a literature review and a focus group, six relevant attributes of the operational concept of ridepooling systems were determined: fare, walking distance, time of booking, shift of departure time, travel time, and information provision. Data from 237 German city dwellers were analyzed with the help of Cox regression. Except for time of booking, all service attributes significantly affected the respondents’ choice. Besides the high relevance of fare, the results underline the particular importance of the attribute walking distance to the pick-up point for elderly. The results give guidance for the creation of user-centered public transport systems that meet the requirements of the prospective passengers and thus might contribute to the development of shared passenger transport systems for sustainable urban mobility.

scholarly journals Moving to Private-Car-Restricted and Mobility-Served Neighborhoods: The Unspectacular Workings of a Progressive Mobility Plan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Johansson ◽  
Greger Henriksson ◽  
Pelle Envall
Keyword(s):  
Car Ownership ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Car Travel ◽  
Over Time

Despite ongoing changes in housing construction around parking requirements, few studies have been undertaken on travel practice and vehicle ownership once homes have been built in line with new requirements and occupied. This study focused on the experience and travel practices of residents in two specific cases involving new requirements in Sweden. It was based on interviews and questionnaires with residents before and after they moved into the two new blocks of apartments. A relatively restricted supply of parking was compensated for with subsidized mobility services for the residents, e.g., car and bike (sharing) clubs. The results indicated a decrease in car ownership in both blocks, as well as a decrease in the frequency of car travel in one of them. There were indications that use of public transport had increased. Our analysis illustrates the roles that parking and mobility services played over time in establishing the residents’ travel habits. The process that shaped the new residents’ car ownership and travel patterns was, in part, quite slow and unspectacular compared with the intentions and expectations of the stakeholders involved as regards to how car ownership and travel habits would change. We discuss a spectrum of everyday life conditions, which together with parking requirements and mobility services can stimulate the growth of urban mobility practices other than those based on private car ownership.

scholarly journals Private Car, Public Oversight: Municipal Regulation of Ride-hailing Platforms in Toronto and the Greater Golden Horseshoe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 146-165
Author(s):  
Jonathan Woodside ◽  
Markus Moos ◽  
Tara Vinodrai
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Local Media ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Oversight

Municipalities in many regions of Canada have regulated vehicle-for-hire services. With the rise of ride-hailing platforms, such as Uber and Lyft, this responsibility to produce a reliable vehicle-for-hire service has largely been transferred to private platforms. Using a case study of the City of Toronto and surrounding Greater Golden Horseshoe, this article examines how local regulation of this critical urban mobility service has changed. Drawing upon an analysis of 27 interviews with municipal staff, councilors and industry experts, a review of written local media, and a review of government documents, the study finds that municipalities are withdrawing from direct control of the industry due to a lack of tools of oversight and a prioritization of private industry over public service. The study discusses ongoing challenges that may be addressed by greater oversight of the service.  It concludes by highlighting examples of municipalities growing their capacity for oversight and provides recommendations for further growth.  

COMPLEXCITY: MODELING URBAN MOBILITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (supp02) ◽  
pp. 255-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARMANDO BAZZANI ◽  
SANDRO RAMBALDI ◽  
BRUNO GIORGINI ◽  
GIORGIO TURCHETTI
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Cognitive Dynamics ◽  
Vehicle Trajectories ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Individual Citizen ◽  
The Individual

We consider the problem of modeling urban mobility using the complex systems key of lecture. We discuss the properties of the Auto-mobilis model, a virtual simulator for private car mobility based on the individual citizen propensities and the existence of "chronotopoi", which are the primary causes of citizens' mobility requests. Auto-mobilis is a microscopic agent-based model that takes into account both the physical interactions and the cognitive dynamics. We present the current status of the project and discuss the applications to real situations. The model assumptions are justified by a comparison with GPS observational data on single vehicle trajectories.

scholarly journals La función de la Colección Sostenibilidad de la Editorial Universidad de Sevilla y el libro La importancia de la bicicleta. Un análisis del papel de la bicicleta en la transición hacia una movilidad urbana más sostenible

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Manuel Enrique Figueroa Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
The Face ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
The University

The Sustainability collection of the Editorial Universidad de Sevilla has published, between 2012 and 2020, 9 volumes that demonstrate the interest of the University of Seville in this essential concept without which society cannot adequately advance and is still key more in the face of the challenges of the 21st century. The collection navigates disclosure and professionalism, knowledge and application, for a wide audience. In the book The importance of the bicycle. An analysis of the role of the bicycle in the transition towards more sustainable urban mobility makes a careful analysis of the inexcusable role of the bicycle in the transition to sustainable urban mobility. This book clearly analyzes the reasons why the bicycle is returning to cities around the world as an essential element to solve and overcome the crisis of the dominant model of urban mobility, based on the abuse of the private car, with its well-known consequences of congestion, pollution, degradation of urban space, decrease in public health and quality of life, and contribution to climate change.

scholarly journals Stakeholders’ Views on Multimodal Urban Mobility Futures: A Matter of Policy Interventions or Just the Logical Result of Digitalization?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Schippl ◽  
Annika Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Transition Research ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The City ◽  
Logical Result

It is widely acknowledged that strategies to decarbonize energy systems cannot omit the mobility sector. For several decades, particularly in urban areas, a shift from car-based mobility to more environmental-friendly modes has been high on political agendas. Progress has been made in many urban areas, but so far only in small, rather incremental steps. The dominance of the car has remained largely stable in urban transport. For some time now, many experts have argued that processes of digitalization will co-evolve with societal trends and lead to multimodal urban mobility regimes in which private car usage will lose its dominance. In this paper, we examine if stakeholders active in the field believe that, despite digitalization, policy interventions are essential to achieve such a transition. The analysis draws on concepts from transition research and is based on 10 semi-structured interviews with providers of innovative mobility services that may contribute to more multimodal urban mobility systems. Geographical focus is on the City of Stuttgart (Germany). Results indicate broad agreement amongst the interviewees that digitalization alone is not sufficient for achieving a full-scale transition towards multimodal urban mobility. Policy measures that restrict car-based mobility would also be needed. However, many of the interviewed actors doubt that the essential policy mixes will find the necessary political and societal acceptance. Finally, the paper indicates ways to overcome this dilemma.

Transferring Urban Mobility Studies in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to Other Large MENA Cities: Steps toward Sustainable Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houshmand Masoumi ◽  
Erik Fruth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Mobility Studies ◽  
Legal Constraints

AbstractThe number of urban mobility studies and projects in the three large metropoles of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo, is growing while other large cities do not enjoy a large share. It would be efficient for those other large cities to adapt the experiences, projects, and studies of Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to their own contexts. This paper can help facilitate that adaptation. It investigates the transferability and generalisability of the findings of a recent publication by the lead author on mobility choices in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to some other large cities of more than one million inhabitants in the MENA region. The discussion provided here can provide decision-makers in the MENA region with guidance on how to utilise the findings from a recent study on Tehran/Istanbul/Cairo in their own contexts. T-tests were conducted to test the comparability of the three base cities with a sample 57 others with populations of over one million people. The results show that it would be possible to adapt the urban mobility studies of the three base megacities to 3 to 27 cities based on different criteria. Key suggestions identified by this study include providing local accessibility, neighbourhood facilities, and cycling facilities as well as removing social and legal constraints to cycling, advertising cycling, informing people about the harm arising from the overuse of cars, and increasing street connectivity by adding intersections. According to the findings, these evidence-based recommendations can enhance sustainable mobility for the inhabitants of up to 27 large cities.

Autonomous vehicles and freight traffic: towards better efficiency of road, rail or urban logistics?

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Bucsky
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Freight Traffic ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
Private Car

Abstract The freight transport sector is a low profit and high competition business and therefore has less ability to invest in research and development in the field of autonomous vehicles (AV) than the private car industry. There are already different levels of automation technologies in the transport industry, but most of these are serving niche demands and answers have yet to be found about whether it would be worthwhile to industrialise these technologies. New innovations from different fields are constantly changing the freight traffic industry but these are less disruptive than on other markets. The aim of this article is to show the current state of development of freight traffic with regards to AVs and analyse which future directions of development might be viable. The level of automation is very different in the case of different transport modes and most probably the technology will favour road transport over other, less environmentally harmful traffic modes.

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