scholarly journals Supernova constraints on an axion-photon-dark photon interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anson Hook ◽  
Gustavo Marques-Tavares ◽  
Clayton Ristow
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unusual Feature ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Longitudinal Modes ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
Transverse Modes ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Photon Coupling

Abstract We present the supernova constraints on an axion-photon-dark photon coupling, which can be the leading coupling to dark sector models and can also lead to dramatic changes to axion cosmology. We show that the supernova bound on this coupling has two unusual features. One occurs because the scattering that leads to the trapping regime converts axions and dark photons into each other. Thus, if one of the two new particles is sufficiently massive, both production and scattering become suppressed and the bounds from bulk emission and trapped (area) emission both weaken exponentially and do not intersection The other unusual feature occurs because for light dark photons, longitudinal modes couple more weakly than transverse modes do. Since the longitudinal mode is more weakly coupled, it can still cause excessive cooling even if the transverse mode is trapped. Thus, the supernova constraints for massive dark photons look like two independent supernova bounds super-imposed on top of each other.

scholarly journals Dark photon dark matter from charged inflaton

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Firouzjahi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Gorji ◽  
Shinji Mukohyama ◽  
Borna Salehian
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Global Minimum ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Inflaton Field ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
Transverse Modes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Relic Density

Abstract We present a scenario of vector dark matter production during inflation containing a complex inflaton field which is charged under a dark gauge field and which has a symmetry breaking potential. As the inflaton field rolls towards the global minimum of the potential the dark photons become massive with a mass which can be larger than the Hubble scale during inflation. The accumulated energy of the quantum fluctuations of the produced dark photons gives the observed relic density of the dark matter for a wide range of parameters. Depending on the parameters, either the transverse modes or the longitudinal mode or their combination can generate the observed dark matter relic energy density.

scholarly journals Digital Heterodyne Holography Reveals the Non-Quasi-Static Scattering Behaviour of Transversally Coupled Nanodisk Pairs

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Y. Suck ◽  
Sébastien Bidault ◽  
Nicolas Bonod ◽  
Stéphane Collin ◽  
Nathalie Bardou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Interparticle Distance ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fourier Plane ◽  
Static Approximation ◽  
Scattering Pattern ◽  
Transverse Modes

We reconstruct the full three-dimensional scattering pattern of longitudinal and transverse modes in pairs of coupled gold nanodisks using digital heterodyne holography. Near-field simulations prove that, in our experimental conditions, the induced dipoles in the longitudinal mode are in phase while they are nearly in opposite phase for the transverse mode. The scattering efficiency of the two modes is of the same order of magnitude, which goes against the common belief that antisymmetric transverse modes are “dark.” The analysis of the reconstructed hologram in the Fourier plane allows us to estimate the angular scattering pattern for both excited modes. In particular, the antisymmetric transverse mode scatters light mostly into one half-plane, demonstrating that the quasi-static approximation breaks down in nanodisk pairs even for an interparticle distance lower thanλ/4.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal mode-locking in multimode fiber lasers

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 358 (6359) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan G. Wright ◽  
Demetrios N. Christodoulides ◽  
Frank W. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Ultrashort Pulses ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Multimode Fiber ◽  
Nonlinear Wave Propagation ◽  
Longitudinal Modes ◽  
Light Pulses ◽  
Transverse Modes ◽  
Ultrafast Science

A laser is based on the electromagnetic modes of its resonator, which provides the feedback required for oscillation. Enormous progress has been made toward controlling the interactions of longitudinal modes in lasers with a single transverse mode. For example, the field of ultrafast science has been built on lasers that lock many longitudinal modes together to form ultrashort light pulses. However, coherent superposition of longitudinal and transverse modes in a laser has received little attention. We show that modal and chromatic dispersions in fiber lasers can be counteracted by strong spatial and spectral filtering. This allows locking of multiple transverse and longitudinal modes to create ultrashort pulses with a variety of spatiotemporal profiles. Multimode fiber lasers thus open new directions in studies of nonlinear wave propagation and capabilities for applications.

scholarly journals Xenon-1T excess as a possible signal of a sub-GeV hidden sector dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Aboubrahim ◽  
Michael Klasen ◽  
Pran Nath
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Recoil Energy ◽  
Dirac Fermions ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
Physics Model

Abstract We present a particle physics model to explain the observed enhancement in the Xenon-1T data at an electron recoil energy of 2.5 keV. The model is based on a U(1) extension of the Standard Model where the dark sector consists of two essentially mass degenerate Dirac fermions in the sub-GeV region with a small mass splitting interacting with a dark photon. The dark photon is unstable and decays before the big bang nucleosynthesis, which leads to the dark matter constituted of two essentially mass degenerate Dirac fermions. The Xenon-1T excess is computed via the inelastic exothermic scattering of the heavier dark fermion from a bound electron in xenon to the lighter dark fermion producing the observed excess events in the recoil electron energy. The model can be tested with further data from Xenon-1T and in future experiments such as SuperCDMS.

scholarly journals Astrophysical aspects of milli-charged dark matter in a Higgs–Stueckelberg model

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (18) ◽  
pp. 1550089 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. dos Santos ◽  
D. Hadjimichef
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Minimal Coupling ◽  
Astrophysical Application ◽  
Gauge Sector ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Vector Bosons ◽  
The Impact

An extension of the Standard Model (SM) is studied, in which two new vector bosons are introduced, a first boson Z' coupled to the SM by the usual minimal coupling, producing an enlarged gauge sector in the SM. The second boson A' field, in the dark sector of the model, remains massless and originates a dark photon γ'. A hybrid mixing scenario is considered based on a combined Higgs and Stueckelberg mechanisms. In a Compton-like process, a photon scattered by a weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) is converted into a dark photon. This process is studied, in an astrophysical application obtaining an estimate of the impact on stellar cooling of white dwarfs and neutron stars.

DFT study on thermo-elastic properties of Ru2FeZ (Z = Si, Ge, Sn) Heusler alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneeza Iftikhar ◽  
Afaq Ahmad ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Heusler Alloys ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Formation Energies ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Temperature Melting

We studied the thermo-elastic properties of Ru2FeZ (Z[Formula: see text]=[Formula: see text]Si, Ge, Sn) Heusler alloys within the framework of density functional theory. Thermo-elastic properties corresponding to elastic modulus, anisotropy, phase stability, elastic wave velocities, thermal stability, Debye temperature, melting temperature, thermal conductivity and formation energy are calculated. The elastic constants C[Formula: see text] predict the structural and dynamical stabilities while the formation energies show thermal stability of the alloys at 0 K. Pugh’s and Poisson’s ratios display the ductile nature of alloys. All alloys are anisotropic and we also observed that Ru2FeSn is the hardest material than Ru2FeSi and Ru2FeGe. Moreover, longitudinal mode of vibrations are also observed and are maximum along [100], [110] and [111] directions than the transverse mode of vibrations.

scholarly journals Simulated Optical Properties of Gold Nanocubes and Nanobars by Discrete Dipole Approximation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsawafta ◽  
Mamoun Wahbeh ◽  
Vo-Van Truong
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Dipole Approximation ◽  
Discrete Dipole Approximation ◽  
Absorption Cross ◽  
Extinction Cross Section ◽  
Band Position ◽  
Mode Tm

The absorption spectra for a gold nanocube and for a gold nanobar are calculated by using the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA). The results show the excitation of a single albeit broad surface plasmon (SP) band of the gold nanocube. The extinction cross section of the gold nanocube is dominated by the absorption cross section that gains importance as the width increases. Further increasing the nanocube size beyond 80 nm will result in an optical response mainly characterized by scattering properties. The absorption spectrum of the nanobar shows the excitation of both the longitudinal mode (LM) and the transverse mode (TM). The nanobar is also compared to a cylinder, a spherically capped cylinder, and a spheroid of the same aspect ratio. The band position of the TM of the nanobar is red-shifted as compared to the ones calculated for other morphologies, while the LM is either blue-shifted or red-shifted depending on the morphologies considered.

A New Method for Displacement Analysis of Multi-Loop Spatial Linkages Based on Ordered Simple-Opened-Chains

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Wen Kong ◽  
Ting-Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Continuation Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Displacement Analysis ◽  
Cpu Time ◽  
Base Points ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Spatial Linkages

Abstract This paper presents systematically a new method for the displacement analysis (DA) of multi-loop spatial linkages (MLSLs) based on ordered simple-opened-chains (SOCs). In performing DA, a MLSL is converted into not a set of base points, a set of isolated links or a tree with/without isolated links in common use, but a weakly coupled MLSL in this paper. The characteristics of the proposed method are: (a) The number of unknowns in the set of equations for displacement analysis (EDA) of a MLSL is reduced to the minimum; (b) All the possible configurations corresponding to a given set of inputs of a weakly coupled MLSL or a strongly coupled MLSL with the coupled degree k = 1 can be obtained quickly. As compared with the other two methods available to find all the solutions to the DA in the case of MLSL with k = 1, the proposed method is superior to the resultant method in that it is applicable to more complex MLSLs and superior to the continuation method in that it takes much less CPU time to find all the solutions; (c) The set of EDA can be formulated and solved automatically; and (d) The new approach makes it possible to perform the kinematic and kineto-static analyses in a unified and simplified way.

Optimum Multi-Nozzle Configuration for Minimizing the Rayleigh Integral During High-Frequency Transverse Instabilities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Acharya ◽  
Tim Lieuwen
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Acoustic Mode ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Circular Distribution ◽  
Transverse Modes ◽  
Fixed Set ◽  
Circular Configuration ◽  
Swirling Strength ◽  
The Stability

Abstract This paper develops a formalism for optimizing nozzle location/configuration with respect to combustion stability of high-frequency transverse modes in a can combustor. The stability of these acoustically non-compact flames was assessed using the Rayleigh Integral (RI). Several key control parameters influence RI - flame angle, swirling strength, nozzle location, as well as nozzle location with respect to the acoustic mode shape. In this study, we consider a N-around-1 configuration such as typically used in a multi-nozzle can system and study the overall stability of this system for different natural transverse modes. Typically, such nozzles are distributed in a uniformly circular manner for which we study the overall RI and for cases where RI>0, we optimize the nozzle distribution that can reduce and minimize RI. For a fixed geometry such a circular configuration, the analysis shows how the flame's parameters must vary across the different nozzles, to result in a relatively stable system. Additionally, for a fixed set of flame parameters, the analysis also indicates the non-circular distribution of the N nozzles that minimizes RI. Overall, the analysis aims to provide insights on designing nozzle locations around the center nozzle for minimal amplification of a given transverse mode.

scholarly journals Decay and renormalization of a longitudinal mode in a quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnet

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hwan Do ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Travis J. Williams ◽  
Tao Hong ◽  
V. Ovidiu Garlea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inelastic Neutron Scattering ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Inelastic Neutron ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Longitudinal Modes ◽  
Quantum Magnet ◽  
Energy Mode ◽  
The Many

AbstractAn ongoing challenge in the study of quantum materials, is to reveal and explain collective quantum effects in spin systems where interactions between different modes types are important. Here we approach this problem through a combined experimental and theoretical study of interacting transverse and longitudinal modes in an easy-plane quantum magnet near a continuous quantum phase transition. Our inelastic neutron scattering measurements of Ba2FeSi2O7 reveal the emergence, decay, and renormalization of a longitudinal mode throughout the Brillouin zone. The decay of the longitudinal mode is particularly pronounced at the zone center. To account for the many-body effects of the interacting low-energy modes in anisotropic magnets, we generalize the standard spin-wave theory. The measured mode decay and renormalization is reproduced by including all one-loop corrections. The theoretical framework developed here is broadly applicable to quantum magnets with more than one type of low energy mode.

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