scholarly journals Impact of seed protein alleles from three soybean sources on seed composition and agronomic traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (11) ◽  
pp. 2315-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian F. Brzostowski ◽  
Timothy I. Pruski ◽  
James E. Specht ◽  
Brian W. Diers
Keyword(s):  
Seed Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Seed Composition

scholarly journals Genome Duplication in Soybean (Glycine subgenus soja)

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Shoemaker ◽  
K Polzin ◽  
J Labate ◽  
J Specht ◽  
E C Brummer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Protein ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Soybean Genome ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Mapping Data ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Average Size

Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping data from nine populations (Glycine max × G. soja and G. max × G. max) of the Glycine subgenus soja genome led to the identification of many duplicated segments of the genome. Linkage groups contained up to 33 markers that were duplicated on other linkage groups. The size of homoeologous regions ranged from 1.5 to 106.4 cM, with an average size of 45.3 cM. We observed segments in the soybean genome that were present in as many as six copies with an average of 2.55 duplications per segment. The presence of nested duplications suggests that at least one of the original genomes may have undergone an additional round of tetraploidization. Tetraploidization, along with large internal duplications, accounts for the highly duplicated nature of the genome of the subgenus. Quantitative trait loci for seed protein and oil showed correspondence across homoeologous regions, suggesting that the genes or gene families contributing to seed composition have retained similar functions throughout the evolution of the chromosomes.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study identified candidate genes for seed size and seed composition improvement in M. truncatula

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijuan Chen ◽  
Vanessa Lancon-Verdier ◽  
Christine Le Signor ◽  
Yi-Min She ◽  
Yun Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractGrain legumes are highly valuable plant species, as they produce seeds with high protein content. Increasing seed protein production and improving seed nutritional quality represent an agronomical challenge in order to promote plant protein consumption of a growing population. In this study, we used the genetic diversity, naturally present in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for legumes, to identify genes/loci regulating seed traits. Indeed, using sequencing data of 162 accessions from the Medicago HAPMAP collection, we performed genome-wide association study for 32 seed traits related to seed size and seed composition such as seed protein content/concentration, sulfur content/concentration. Using different GWAS and postGWAS methods, we identified 79 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) as regulating seed size, 41 QTNs for seed composition related to nitrogen (i.e. storage protein) and sulfur (i.e. sulfur-containing amino acid) concentrations/contents. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation between seed size and protein content was revealed within the selected Medicago HAPMAP collection. In addition, several QTNs showed highly significant associations in different seed phenotypes for further functional validation studies, including one near an RNA-Binding Domain protein, which represents a valuable candidate as central regulator determining both seed size and composition. Finally, our findings in M. truncatula represent valuable resources to be exploitable in many legume crop species such as pea, common bean, and soybean due to its high synteny, which enable rapid transfer of these results into breeding programs and eventually help the improvement of legume grain production.

Yield improvement in high lysine barley

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Oram ◽  
H Doll
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
High Lysine ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Twenty-three barley genotypes were grown in field plots and the seed-yield components and seed composition were investigated. Ten malting and feed cultivars and waxy endosperm selection lines had the standard concentration of lysine in their seed protein. The other genotypes were five different natural or induced high-lysine mutants and/or selection lines developed from them. High-lysine lines were lower yielding than the most productive normal lysine cultivars because of a decrease in weight per seed, accompanied by a reduced content of the carbohydrates extractable with dimethyl sulfoxide. Ris� mutant no. 7 was exceptional in having fewer seeds per unit area and a normal carbohydrate content. Within the group of lys 3 homozygotes derived from Ris� no. 1508, the higher yielding lines had more seeds per unit area, higher concentrations of extractable carbohydrates, and lower concentrations of crude protein. Similar trends with yield also occurred among the lines homozygous for the lys gene from Hiproly. The yields of the most productive lys and lys 3 homozygotes approached that of Clipper, the leading Australian malting cultivar, but were 25% lower than that of the most productive feed barley, Cutter. The other mutants, Ris� no. 7, Ris� no. 29 and Clipper 500, were lower yielding than the better lys and lys 3 selections. The possibilities for improving the yield and energy content of the latter two high-lysine types by selection are discussed.

scholarly journals Seed protein content and its relationships with agronomic traits in pigeonpea is controlled by both main and epistatic effects QTLs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Obala ◽  
Rachit K. Saxena ◽  
Vikas K. Singh ◽  
Sandip M. Kale ◽  
Vanika Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Epistatic Effects

scholarly journals Inheritance of agronomic and seed composition traits in Glycine max x Glycine soja crosses

1969 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Sylvia Rodríguez de Cianzio ◽  
Walter R. Fehr
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Cytoplasmic Effects

Interspecific crosses between the cultivated soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., and the wild species. Glycine soja Sieb. & Zuce, may be useful for broadening the genetic base of commercial cultivars. The objectives of the study were to evaluate agronomic traits of G. max, G. soja and their F1 hybrids in tropical and temperate environments, to determine whether cytoplasmic effects were present for agronomic traits and seed composition in reciprocal crosses between the two species, and to evaluate the type of gene action that controls the inheritance of traits in interspecific crosses. Reciprocal crosses were made between 'Century' and PI326581 and between 'Amsoy 71' and PI424001. Thirty plants of each of the parents and 50 F1 plants of each cross were grown at two environments in Puerto Rico and one in Iowa. The traits evaluated were date of stages R1 and R8, leaf size, shattering, defoliation, vining, lodging, agronomic type, plant height, 100-seed weight, percentage of seed protein and oil, and percentages of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids in the oil. No significant differences were observed among environments for seven of the 11 agronomic traits evaluated in the two crosses. The relative performance among genotypes for all traits in Iowa and Puerto Rico was similar. This similarity indicates that it is possible to use tropical locations to evaluate the progeny of interspecific crosses. No significant differences between F1 plants of reciprocal crosses were observed in the two crosses for any of the traits; thus, cytoplasmic effects were not important. The type of gene action observed differed among traits and included additive, dominance, and partial dominance.

Fine Mapping of a Seed Protein QTL on Soybean Linkage Group I and Its Correlated Effects on Agronomic Traits

Crop Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 834-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Nichols ◽  
K. D. Glover ◽  
S. R. Carlson ◽  
J. E. Specht ◽  
B. W. Diers
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Group I

scholarly journals Characterization of a diverse USDA collection of wild soybean (glycine soja siebold and zucc.) accessions and subsequent mapping for seed composition and agronomic traits in a RIL population

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thang Cao La
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plant Introductions

The relatively low genomic variation of current U.S. soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill] cultivars constrains the improvement of grain yield, seed quality, and other agronomic traits within soybean breeding programs. Recently, a substantial effort has been undertaken to introduce novel genetic diversity present in wild soybean (Glycine soja Siebold and Zucc.) into new elite cultivars, in both public and private applied soybean breeding programs. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the phenotypic diversity within a core collection of 80 G. soja plant introductions (PIs) in the United States Department of Agriculture National Genetic Resources Program that were collected in China, Japan, Russia, and South Korea, and to analyze the correlations between agronomic and seed composition traits. Field tests were conducted in Missouri and North Carolina during three years, 2013, 2014, and 2015, in a randomized complete block design (n=3). The phenotypic data collected included plant maturity date, seed weight, and the seed concentration of protein, oil, essential amino acid, fatty acid, and soluble carbohydrates. Analyzing the data from six environments, we found genotype was a significant (p less than 0.0001) source of variation for maturity date, seed weight, seed protein and amino acids, seed oil and fatty acids, and seed carbohydrates. Significant correlations were observed between numerous traits. The core collection had lower seed weight, higher seed content of protein, linolenic acid, raffinose and stachyose but lower seed content of oil and oleic acid than those of the cultivated soybean lines that were used as checks. The amino acid profile of the core collection was significantly different from that of the checks. An association analysis revealed 19 SNP that were significantly associated with maturity, seed weight, and seed contents of aspartic acid, glutamine, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. The information and data collected in this study will be invaluable in guiding soybean breeders and geneticists in selecting promising Glycine soja plant introductions for research and cultivar improvement. In addition the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the contents of seed protein and oil, maturity, branching traits, height, lodging, and yield in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from one single F2 plant from the cross between Osage and PI593983 was carried out. The mapping population in this study included 164 F4:6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Osage, a cultivated soybean variety, and PI593983, a wild soybean accession. Field tests were carried out in Missouri for two years during 2016 and 2017, in a randomized complete block design (n=2). Both protein and oil contents showed high heritabilities. Seed protein and seed oil were negatively correlated (-0.77). A total of 4,374 polymorphic markers were used to construct a genetic linkage map, and nine QTLs for protein content, explained 7.6 to 36.7% of variance, and seven QTLs for oil content, explained for 7.8 to 29.7% of variance, were detected using composite interval mapping. addition we identified eight novel QTLs and confirmed sixteen QTLs associated with maturity (R2 = 6.4 to 26.3%), plant height (R2 = 7.4 to 15.5%), and total branch length (R2 = 9.3% and 14.5%) in individual and across environments, and the ratio of total branch length to plant height (R2 = 11.8%), yield (R2 =12.8 and 15.7), and lodging (R2 = 12.1 and 13.4) in individual studied environments. Sixteen QTLs for maturity, yield, and plant height confirmed previously reported QTLs, and eight QTLs have not been reported before. The results of this study will facilitate the identification of the causative genes for seed protein and oil, maturity, height, lodging, and branching traits, and will help soybean breeder improve soybean performance by developing markers for marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Effects of Harvest-Aids on Seed Nutrition in Soybean under Midsouth USA Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
H. Arnold Bruns ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas ◽  
Daniel K. Fisher ◽  
Alemu Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Harvest Efficiency

Interest in using harvest aids (defoliants or crop desiccants) such as paraquat, carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate, and sodium chlorate (NaClO3) have become increasingly important to assure harvest efficiency, producer profit, and to maintain seed quality. However, information on the effects of harvest aids on seed nutrition (composition) (protein, oil, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids) in soybean is very limited. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of harvest aids on seed protein, oil, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids in soybean. Our hypothesis was that harvest aid may influence seed nutrition, especially at R6 as at R6 the seeds may still undergo biochemical changes. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 under Midsouth USA environmental conditions in which harvest aids were applied at R6 (seed-fill) and R7 (yellow pods) growth stages. Harvest aids applied included an untreated control, 0.28 kg ai ha−1 of paraquat, 0.28 kg ai ha−1 of paraquat, and 1.015 kg ai ha−1 of carfentrazone-ethyl (AIM); 6.72 kg ai ha−1 sodium chlorate, 1.015 kg ai ha−1 carfentrazone-ethyl; and 2.0 kg ae ha−1 glyphosate. Results showed that the application of harvest aids at either R6 or R7 resulted in the alteration of some seed composition such as protein, oil, oleic acid, fructose, and little effects on amino acids. In addition, harvest aids affected seed composition constituents differently depending on year and growth stage. This research demonstrated the possible alteration of some nutrients by harvest aids. This research helps growers and scientists to advance the understanding and management of harvest aids and investigate possible effects of harvest aids on seed nutrition.

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