scholarly journals Investigating support by minimal detectable displacement in confidence region determination and significance test of displacements

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Prószyński ◽  
Sławomir Łapiński
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Region ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Error Probabilities ◽  
Initial Research

AbstractThe Minimal Detectable Displacement (MDD) is an important measure of monitoring networks sensitivity to displacements. In addition to the accuracy criteria, it is used as a detectability criterion in the optimal design of such networks. The paper examines whether the MDD provides grounds for verifying the correctness of the confidence, and the significance thresholds applied in the analyses of the determined displacements. According to our knowledge, the task so formulated has not yet been the subject of research presented in the literature in the field of geodetic determination of displacements. Hence, the approach presented here can be regarded as a new proposal extending the application area of the MDD. The investigations are focused on a probabilistic aspect of combining confidence and detectability as well as significance and detectability by the superimposition of the corresponding ellipsoids and their joint analysis. An initial research result is the diagrams showing a significance index and a non-centrality parameter as functions of the rank of the covariance matrix for displacements and also of system redundancy for specified values of Type I and Type II error probabilities. The diagrams, together with the theoretical basis created within the research, made it possible to analyse and evaluate the support by Minimal Detectable Displacement in confidence region determination and significance test of displacements. Based on the analysis of MDD support, two options of modifying the confidence and significance thresholds related to single point displacements are proposed for practical use.

Preliminary Studies on the Determination of FLD for Single Point Incremental Sheet Metal Forming

2012 ◽  
Vol 504-506 ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklos Tisza ◽  
Péter Zoltán Kovács ◽  
Zsolt Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Incremental Sheet Metal Forming

Development of new technologies and processes for small batch and prototype production of sheet metal components has a very important role in the recent years. The reason is the quick and efficient response to the market demands. For this reasons new manufacturing concepts have to be developed in order to enable a fast and reliable production of complex components and parts without investing in special forming machines. The need for flexible forming processes has been accelerated during the last 15 years, and by these developments the technology reaches new extensions. Incremental sheet metal forming (ISMF) may be regarded as one of the promising developments for these purposes. A comprehensive research work is in progress at the University of Miskolc (Hungary) to study the effect of important process parameters with particular emphasis on the shape and dimensional accuracy of the products and particularly on the formability limitations of the process. In this paper, some results concerning the determination of forming limit diagrams for single point incremental sheet metal forming will be described.

Technical Analysis of Ocean Towing Evolutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartley Eckhardt ◽  
Daniel Fridline ◽  
Richard Burke
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Strain Monitoring ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Offshore Oil

Ocean towing in general, and non-routine tows in particular, present unique technical challenges to towing vessel owners/operators, salvors, the offshore oil/gas and wind industries, and others. When such tows “go wrong”, the harm to human life, property and/or the environment can be significant. The authors have drawn from their work on the Towing Safety Advisory Committee’s investigation of the grounding of the MODU Kulluk to present methods and considerations in analyzing ocean towing evolutions, both “routine” and “non-routine”. (TASK 14-01) The methods and considerations presented should be employed in advance of a towing evolution, but can be used in accident reconstruction and forensic analysis when an evolution has failed. The methods presented are iterative, and consider 2 x 6 degree freedom of motion (of the towing vessel(s) and towed vessel respectively) and characteristics of the towline, and facilitate determination of: Worst Case Conditions. Extreme Towline Tension (ETT) as a function of sea state and speed. Limits of the Tow (Go-No Go Criteria). Recommended Catenary Length as a function of sea state and speed. Size and Selection of the Towing Vessel and Gear, including: Required Bollard Pull. Required Strength, Characteristics and Condition of the Towline. Limits and Set Points of the Towing Winch, Automatic or Manual. Required Strength and Characteristics of the Synthetic Emergency Towline and its methods of deployment and connection. Working Load Limit (WLL) of the Shackles, Delta Plate and Attachment Points. Required Strength and Characteristics of Bridles, Pendant and Surge Gear/Shock Lines. The authors further explore the implications of single point failure modes, redundancy in gear and towing vessel(s), high cycle fatigue, and strain monitoring.

ANALISA LOGAM BESI (Fe) DI SUNGAI PASAR DAERAH BELANGWETAN KLATEN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Rahmi Nurhaini ◽  
Arief Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Republic

Iron (Fe) is one of many heavy metals that is corrosive resistant, dense, and has a low melting point. If accumulated in the body, the metal can cause some medical conditions, such as irritation to skin and eyes, breathing problems, and in the long term, cancer. This research aims to know generally the spread of metallic iron (Fe) in the river Pasar in Belangwetan, Klaten. This study was conducted using an observational method in which researchers did not examine the effects of interventions. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method taken from three points, namely the upper, middle, lower. Determination of iron levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) obtained a positive result, and the data was processed using SPSS to determine the Mean and Standard Deviation. Of the research result, it could be known the Mean score was 2.33 ppm and SD was 0.0352. The result of this research indicated that the levels of iron in the river Pasar in Belangwetan were 2.33 ppm. It means that the levels violate the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is not more than 1mg/L (1ppm) in the clean water

scholarly journals The Empirical and Theoretical Miscible Characterization Method in Gas-Enhanced Oil Recovery

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wang Chengjun ◽  
Li Xiaorui
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Reservoir Engineering ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Development Scheme ◽  
Gas Flooding ◽  
New Ideas

The determination of miscible characteristic is one of the key technologies for enhancing oil recovery of gas flooding. If the miscible characteristic at each development period of gas flooding can be known in real time, it will be helpful to guide gas flooding development scheme. The minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is mostly used to describe miscible characteristic. Currently, the MMP forecasting methods can be classified into two categories—the empirical method and theoretical calculation method. In this paper, the main controlling factors affecting MMP are analyzed combined with reservoir engineering method, phase equilibrium theory, reservoir numerical simulation technology, and so on. Based on this, new empirical and theoretical MMP forecasting model was built. Meanwhile, new ideas for improving forecasting accuracy through modifying miscible criterion were proposed. The calculation accuracies of the two MMP forecasting models can be improved to over 90% that is more accurate and adapted than other methods. This research result can supply new ideas for gas flooding MMP forecasting.

Determination of Technological Forces in the Incremental Forming Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Radu Eugen Breaz ◽  
Melania Tera ◽  
Octavian Bologa ◽  
Sever Gabriel Racz
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Incremental Forming ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Feed Drive ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine

The paper presents a joint theoretical and experimental approach to determine the technological forces within the asymmetric single point incremental forming ASPIF process, based upon a theoretical model, image processing and data acquisition. The first step of this approach was to develop a theoretical model of the forces within the process, based upon the model of a mechanical feed drive of a CNC milling machine. By means of this model, relationships between the resistant torque at the motor spindle level and the technological force on the movement axis could be determined. Using an image processing method, which allowed the user to extract information within the machines operator panel and analytical relationships, the technological forces were determined. The results were compared with the measured values, obtained by means of a data acquisition system.

scholarly journals Immunochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Cartilage Subtypes in Rabbit

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1049-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Naumann ◽  
James E. Dennis ◽  
Amad Awadallah ◽  
David A. Carrino ◽  
Joseph M. Mansour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Auricular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Type Vi Collagen ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Nasal Cartilage

Cartilage is categorized into three general subgroups, hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage, based primarily on morphologic criteria and secondarily on collagen (Types I and II) and elastin content. To more precisely define the different cartilage subtypes, rabbit cartilage isolated from joint, nose, auricle, epiglottis, and meniscus was characterized by immunohistochemical (IHC) localization of elastin and of collagen Types I, II, V, VI, and X, by biochemical analysis of total glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, and by biomechanical indentation assay. Toluidine blue staining and safranin-O staining were used for morphological assessment of the cartilage subtypes. IHC staining of the cartilage samples showed a characteristic pattern of staining for the collagen antibodies that varied in both location and intensity. Auricular cartilage is discriminated from other subtypes by interterritorial elastin staining and no staining for Type VI collagen. Epiglottal cartilage is characterized by positive elastin staining and intense staining for Type VI collagen. The unique pattern for nasal cartilage is intense staining for Type V collagen and collagen X, whereas articular cartilage is negative for elastin (interterritorially) and only weakly positive for collagen Types V and VI. Meniscal cartilage shows the greatest intensity of staining for Type I collagen, weak staining for collagens V and VI, and no staining with antibody to collagen Type X. Matching cartilage samples were categorized by total GAG content, which showed increasing total GAG content from elastic cartilage (auricle, epiglottis) to fibrocartilage (meniscus) to hyaline cartilage (nose, knee joint). Analysis of aggregate modulus showed nasal and auricular cartilage to have the greatest stiffness, epiglottal and meniscal tissue the lowest, and articular cartilage intermediate. This study illustrates the differences and identifies unique characteristics of the different cartilage subtypes in rabbits. The results provide a baseline of data for generating and evaluating engineered repair cartilage tissue synthesized in vitro or for post-implantation analysis.

scholarly journals PENGARUH FUNGSI PENGENDALIAN OLEH KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP DISIPLIN SISWA

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yovitha Yuliejantiningsih Program Pascasarjana MP Universitas Negeri Malang
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Student Behavior ◽  
Research Result ◽  
School Principal ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Behavior Monitoring ◽  
Effective Contribution

Abstract: This article explain the effect of controling function by school principal to student disciple. Controling function by school principal consist of determining regulation for student, monitoring of student behavior, and correction action. Data collection using questionair and the sample are students of 3th grade of Publict Senior High School in Mojokerto. The sampling system using proportional random sampling. Data analysis using desciptive analysis and regression. The?é?á research result shows that controling function by school principal is good and student discipline are hight. Controling function by school principal has significant effect to student discipline. The effective contribution of controling function by school principal to student discipline is 7,461 %. Further explation shows that there is no effect of determination of refulation for student to student discipline, there is no effect of behavior monitoring to student discipline, and there is a significant effect of correction action by school principal to student discipline. ?é?á Abstrak: Artikel ini menguraikan pengaruh fungsi pengendalian oleh kepala sekolah terhadap disiplin siswa. Fungsi pengendalian ini meliputi penetapan peraturan bagi siswa, monitoring perilaku siswa, dan tindakan korektif/perbaikan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan sampel penelitian siswa kelas 3 SMA Negeri di Kota Mojokerto. Penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi pengendalian oleh kepala sekolah adalah baik dan disiplin siswa sangat tinggi. Fungsi pengendalian oleh kepala sekolah memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap disiplin siswa. Sumbangan efektif fungsi pengendalian oleh kepala sekolah terhadap disiplin siswa sebesar 7,461%. Bila dijabarkan lebih lanjut, maka dapat diketahui bahwa tidak ada pengaruh dari penetapan peraturan terhadap disiplin siswa; tidak ada pengaruh dari monitoring perilaku oleh kepala sekolah terhadap disiplin siswa; dan ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari tindakan korektif/perbaikan yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah terhadap disiplin siswa. Key Words: student discipline, controling function

Single point determination of intrinsic viscosity

1963 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. S30-S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Z. Naar ◽  
H. H. Zabusky ◽  
R. F. Heitmiller
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Point Determination
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