Adaptation of AMPK-mTOR-signal pathways and lipid metabolism in response to low- and high-level rapeseed meal diet in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Xu-Fang Liang ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib Alam ◽  
Haocan Luo ◽  
Yanpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Siniperca Chuatsi ◽  
Chinese Perch ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Adaptation of AMPK-mTOR-signal pathways and lipid metabolism in response to low- and high-rapeseed meal diet in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Xu-Fang Liang ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib Alam ◽  
Haocan Luo ◽  
Yanpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Chinese Perch ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Background: Chinese perch, a carnivorous fish, can accept artificial diet after domestication nowadays, and this farm way will gain high economic interest and sustainability. However, the high content and high quality requirement of dietary protein make it need the high cost in Chinese perch. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of fish meal replacement by low- or high-rapeseed meal on growth performance, feeding, lipid and glucose metabolism. Methods: Three experimental diets were formulated with 0, 10% and 30% rapeseed meal, named as control, RSL and RSH, groups respectively. After the 8-week of feeding trial, growth performance, lipid metabolism and AMPK-mTOR-signal pathways were measured. Results: Chinese perch fed with RSH and RSL diets showed significantly decreased WG, SGR, BFR, VSI, MSI and the whole-body crude lipid compared to those fed with the control diet (P < 0.05). Fish in RSL group decreased feed intake, serum LDL-C, hepatic mRNA expression of LPL, PEPCK and phosphorylated Grb10 (P < 0.05). In visceral adipose tissue, mRNA expression of FAS, SREBP1, ACC1, HL, CPT1 and PEPCK were all significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05). Fish in RSH group showed phosphorylated AMPK, hepatic mRNA expression of SREBP1, ACC1, FAS, PPARα and CPT1 were down-regulated, while HSL, G6PD and PC were up-regulated (P < 0.05). In visceral adipose tissue, mRNA expressions of SREBP1, LPL, CPT1 and PEPCK were down-regulated, while mRNA expression of HSL was up-regulated (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Chinese perch fed with RSL and RSH diets showed decreased fat deposition in viscera. Fish fed with low level of rapeseed meal diet ate less diet, which caused inhibited lipid metabolism in the liver and visceral adipose tissues.Fish fed with high level of rapeseed meal diet inhibited hepatic FA synthesis, activated lipolysis, hence reducing Acetyl-CoA pool. In turn, β-oxidation were inhibited, glycolysis was activated, thus lipid accumulation was decreased. In visceral adipose tissue, lipid uptake was inhibited, caused inhibited FA synthesis, β-oxidation, glycerol synthesis, and improved lipolysis.

Differences of gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in Chinese perch ( Siniperca chuatsi ) with different growth rates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Zhang ◽  
Hexiong Feng ◽  
Xu‐Fang Liang ◽  
Shan He ◽  
Qiwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Siniperca Chuatsi ◽  
Chinese Perch

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate To Lipid Ratios On Growth Performance, Body Composition, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Lipid Metabolism And Gene Expression of Central Appetite Regulating Factors In Chinese Perch (Siniperca Chuatsi)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Peng ◽  
Xu-Fang Liang ◽  
Farui Chai ◽  
Hexiong Feng ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Siniperca Chuatsi ◽  
Chinese Perch ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid (CHO: L) ratios on growth performance, body composition, serum biochemical indexes, lipid metabolism and gene expression of central appetite regulating factors in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) (mean initial weight: 12.86 ± 0.10 g). Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets (fish meal, casein as main protein sources) were formulated to contain different graded CHO:L ratio diets ranging from 0.12, 0.86, 1.71, 3.29 and 7.19. Each diet was assigned to triplicate groups of 18 experimental fish for 8 weeks. Our results revealed that final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) increased with dietary CHO:L ratio from 0.12 to 1.71, and then decreased with further increases in dietary CHO:L ratio. A two-slope broken-line regression analysis based on WGR showed that the optimal dietary CHO: L level for maximum growth performance of fish was 1.60. Crude lipid and crude protein content in the liver and glycogen concentration in the muscle and liver were significantly influenced by the dietary CHO:L ratios (P < 0.05). The lowest crude lipid content in the liver was observed in fish fed the diet with a CHO:L ratio of 1.71(P < 0.05). Dietary CHO:L ratios significantly induced the Glu contents of serum (P < 0.05). The relative expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as srebp1 and fas in the liver showed a trend of first decreased and then increased with the increase of dietary CHO:L ratios levels. Appropriate CHO:L ratio in the diet can effectively reduce the accumulation of liver fat. We observed in fish fed the 1.71 CHO:L ratio diet showed higher feed intake, up‐regulated mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti gene-related protein (AGRP), down‐regulated mRNA expression of cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and pro‐opiomelanocorticoid (POMC) significantly as compared to control group. Thus, these results provide the theoretical basis for feed formulation to determine the appropriate CHO:L ratio requirement of Chinese perch.

Metabolic responses of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) to different levels of dietary carbohydrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Zhang ◽  
Xu-fang Liang ◽  
Shan He ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Siniperca Chuatsi ◽  
Chinese Perch ◽  
Different Levels

EFFECTS OF FEEDING A HIGH LEVEL OF TOWER RAPESEED MEAL IN DAIRY RATIONS ON FEED INTAKE AND MILK PRODUCTION

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. SHARMA ◽  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
J. A. MCKIRDY
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Short Term ◽  
N Retention ◽  
High Level

In experiment 1, 12 cows were used to compare the two (0–0) rapeseed meal (1788 and Tower) varieties with the commercial rapeseed meal (CRSM) and soybean meal (SBM). Feed intake, milk yield and fat content were not different (P > 0.05) among the four treatments; however, protein content was higher (P < 0.05) for the cows fed CRSM and SBM diets than for those fed the 1788–RSM diet. But more (P < 0.05) milk fat was produced by the cows fed 1788–RSM than by those fed CRSM and SBM diets. In experiment 2, eight cows were used to determine the effects of replacing SBM with Tower and also replacing a portion of Tower with urea (TU) in a mixed or extruded (TUE) form on feed intake, milk yield and nitrogen (N) retention. No differences were observed in feed consumption, milk yield or composition among the treatments. Serum thyroxine (T4) level was higher (P < 0.05) for the cows fed SBM than for those fed the 1788–SBM and was similar to levels for cows fed CRSM and Tower in the first experiment. However, no differences were found in thyroxine level in the second experiment. Extrusion of Tower–urea mixture increased (P < 0.05) the N retention compared with other treatments. These short-term studies suggest that up to 25% Tower RSM can be used in dairy rations without adverse effect on performance.

scholarly journals Redirection of lipid flux toward phospholipids in yeast increases fatty acid turnover and secretion

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1262-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Gonçalves Teixeira ◽  
Verena Siewers ◽  
Jens Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Network ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Phospholipid Hydrolysis ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
High Level

Bio-based production of fatty acids and fatty acid-derived products can enable sustainable substitution of petroleum-derived fuels and chemicals. However, developing new microbial cell factories for producing high levels of fatty acids requires extensive engineering of lipid metabolism, a complex and tightly regulated metabolic network. Here we generated a Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform strain with a simplified lipid metabolism network with high-level production of free fatty acids (FFAs) due to redirected fatty acid metabolism and reduced feedback regulation. Deletion of the main fatty acid activation genes (the first step in β-oxidation), main storage lipid formation genes, and phosphatidate phosphatase genes resulted in a constrained lipid metabolic network in which fatty acid flux was directed to a large extent toward phospholipids. This resulted in simultaneous increases of phospholipids by up to 2.8-fold and of FFAs by up to 40-fold compared with wild-type levels. Further deletion of phospholipase genes PLB1 and PLB2 resulted in a 46% decrease in FFA levels and 105% increase in phospholipid levels, suggesting that phospholipid hydrolysis plays an important role in FFA production when phospholipid levels are increased. The multiple deletion mutant generated allowed for a study of fatty acid dynamics in lipid metabolism and represents a platform strain with interesting properties that provide insight into the future development of lipid-related cell factories.

COMBINATION ABILITY OF SELECTIVE CARP GROUPS DURING TWO-LINE BREEDING

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
G.I. PRONINA ◽  
◽  
A.G. MANNAPOV
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
The Cross ◽  
High Level

This paper presents the results of studying the productive and physiological properties of carp crosses – interline or interbreed hybrids of the first generation. The resulting crosses have a high potential for growth, metabolism, and non-specific cellular immunity. It was found that the studied cross-breeding combinations produced a heterotic effect, which was manifested in different ways depending on the climate zone, planting density, and feeding. In the “Ergeninsky” cross, obtained from crossing the local scaly and Moldavian mirror lines, the true heterosis in relative growth rate amounted to 85–89%. As compared with the parent forms, it has a higher immune defense against pathogens, judging by the large proportion of Mature segmentonuclear neutrophils. The “Mirror” cross is the result of crossing males of the Moldavian mirror line and females of the Volga frame carp that has a scattered scale cover –100%, body weight significantly exceeds the Moldavian mirror parent form. The cross has a smaller proportion of monocytes and neutrophils in the leukogram, and the content of lysosomal cationic protein in the latter is lower, which suggests that these phagocytes are consumed in the process of immune defense. As compared with the parent forms, the cross has more intensive protein metabolism, which can be proved by the high content of total protein and albumins, ALT activity. The lipid metabolism can be determined by the content of cholesterol. The activity of creatine kinase in the “Volzhsky” cross is 2–3 times lower as compared to the initial groups. The “Volga” cross is a reciprocal interbreed hybrid of the Southern zonal type of the Chuvash scaly carp and the Volga frame carp that has a high level of lipid metabolism.

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