The genomic history of southwestern Chinese populations demonstrated massive population migration and admixture among proto-Hmong–Mien speakers and incoming migrants

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yicheng Wang ◽  
Xing Zou ◽  
Mengge Wang ◽  
Didi Yuan ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Migration ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Analysis of whole-genome re-sequencing data of ducks reveals a diverse demographic history and extensive gene flow between Southeast/South Asian and Chinese populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Jiang ◽  
Ruiyi Lin ◽  
Changyi Xiao ◽  
Tanghui Xie ◽  
Yaoxin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The most prolific duck genetic resource in the world is located in Southeast/South Asia but little is known about the domestication and complex histories of these duck populations. Results Based on whole-genome resequencing data of 78 ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and 31 published whole-genome duck sequences, we detected three geographic distinct genetic groups, including local Chinese, wild, and local Southeast/South Asian populations. We inferred the demographic history of these duck populations with different geographical distributions and found that the Chinese and Southeast/South Asian ducks shared similar demographic features. The Chinese domestic ducks experienced the strongest population bottleneck caused by domestication and the last glacial maximum (LGM) period, whereas the Chinese wild ducks experienced a relatively weak bottleneck caused by domestication only. Furthermore, the bottleneck was more severe in the local Southeast/South Asian populations than in the local Chinese populations, which resulted in a smaller effective population size for the former (7100–11,900). We show that extensive gene flow has occurred between the Southeast/South Asian and Chinese populations, and between the Southeast Asian and South Asian populations. Prolonged gene flow was detected between the Guangxi population from China and its neighboring Southeast/South Asian populations. In addition, based on multiple statistical approaches, we identified a genomic region that included three genes (PNPLA8, THAP5, and DNAJB9) on duck chromosome 1 with a high probability of gene flow between the Guangxi and Southeast/South Asian populations. Finally, we detected strong signatures of selection in genes that are involved in signaling pathways of the nervous system development (e.g., ADCYAP1R1 and PDC) and in genes that are associated with morphological traits such as cell growth (e.g., IGF1R). Conclusions Our findings provide valuable information for a better understanding of the domestication and demographic history of the duck, and of the gene flow between local duck populations from Southeast/South Asia and China.

scholarly journals Invasion History of Sirex noctilio Based on COI Sequence: The First Six Years in China

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueting Sun ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Alain Roques ◽  
Youqing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
History Of

Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae: Siricinae), a new invasive species in China, is a significant international forestry pest which, transported via logs and related wood packing materials, has led to environmental damage and substantial economic loss in many countries around the world. It was first detected in China in 2013, and since then infestations have been found in 18 additional sites. Using a 322 bp fragment of the mitochondrial barcode gene COI, we studied the genetic diversity and structure of S. noctilio populations in both native and invaded ranges, with a specific focus in China. Twelve haplotypes were found across the native and invaded distribution of the pest, of which three were dominant; among these there were only one or two mutational steps between each pair of haplotypes. No obvious genetic structure was found other than in Chinese populations. China has a unique and dominant haplotype not found elsewhere, and compared with the rest of the world, the genetic structure of Chinese populations suggested a multiple invasion scenario.

THE HISTORY OF POPULATION MIGRATION FROM EASTERN TURKESTAN IN THE FERGHANA REGION AT THE END OF THE XIX CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Akrom Akhunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Military Leader ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eastern Turkestan ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Military

The article discusses the problem of the peoples of East Turkestan fleeing the oppression of the Chinese Manchus and moving to two regions of Central Asia: the 70s and the Fergana Valley.An independent state will be created in East Turkestan by the military leader and diplomat Yakubbek. After his death in 1877, a struggle for the throne began between his sons, which passed into the hands of the Chinese. The occupation of the Etishahr state led to a massive resettlement ofthe population to the Fergana Valley. As a result of migration, large numbers of ethnic Uyghurs migrated to the Fergana Valley and Uyghur villages emerged.

scholarly journals Major milestones in the history of the Jewish Autonomous Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
V.S. GUREVICH
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Population ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
System Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Far East

The article contains the history of the Jewish Autonomous region formation, its administrative-territorial system, changes in the autonomy borders and its municipalities. The author analyzes the Jewish population migration processes in the Russian Far East.

Auricular pseudocyst in the tropics: a multi-racial Singapore experience

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Y. B. Tan ◽  
P. P. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Pressure Application ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
The Tropics

Endochondral pseudocyst of the auricle is an uncommon condition that affects predominantly Chinese males, with many reports studying this condition in homogenous Chinese populations. There have been few large-scale reports describing the features of this disease among the other Asian groups. In one of the largest series described to date, we report the epidemiological features, clinico-pathologic characteristics, and success of surgical treatment in 40 patients of different Asian groups presenting with pseudocyst of the auricle. Results showed a Chinese predominance (90 per cent), followed by Malays (five per cent) and Eurasians (five per cent). All had unilateral presentations apart from one patient. Most (55 per cent) presented within two weeks of auricular swelling. Few (10 per cent) had a history of trauma. The pseudocysts predominantly affected the concha (61 per cent). Surgery comprised excision of the anterior wall followed by local pressure application. Only 2.5 per cent had recurrence after surgery. These findings confirm earlier understood features of this disease while revealing some notable variations.

scholarly journals Risk of coronary heart disease in patients with periodontitis among the middled-aged and elderly in China: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Gao ◽  
Zhiyuan Wu ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Lixin Tao ◽  
Yanxia Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Risk

Abstract Background Convincing evidence of the periodontitis as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) is lacking due to shared risk factors, and no cohort study has investigated the association between CHD and periodontitis in Chinese populations. Methods This study used a prospective cohort study design. The analysis included 4591 participants aged 40 years and older (3146 men and 1445 women). The association between CHD and periodontitis was estimated using relative risk (RR) calculated using modified Poisson regression. Multiple mediation analysis was used to differentiate the relative effects (RE) from different risk factors on the effect of periodontitis on CHD. Results In the analysis using the imputed dataset and fully adjusted model, participants with periodontitis at baseline had 37% increased risk of CHD overall compared to those without periodontitis at baseline (RR 1.37; 95% CI 0.96–1.95). Most of the association can be explained by age, sex, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, uric acid and education (RE 0.76; 95% CI 0.41–1.02). Conclusion Periodontitis was weakly associated with an increased risk of CHD among the middled-aged and elderly in China. Further studies are required to identify more mediators and elucidate the mechanisms of how periodontitis increases the risk of CHD.

scholarly journals Genetic Risks and Demographic History of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Piskunov ◽  
Vera Mukhina ◽  
Gulnara Svishcheva ◽  
Valery Voronkova ◽  
Yurii Stolpovsky
Keyword(s):  
Demographic History ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Euro Pean ◽  
The World ◽  
Genetic Risks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arid Steppe

Recent climatic disasters (dzudzs) and uncontrolled massive breeding endangered valuable ge-netic resources of Mongolian goats labored by five thousand years of evolution in extremes of Al-tai mountains and Gobi deserts. Meanwhile, Mongolian goats has never been characterized by genomic data. We used Illumina Goat SNP50 to investigate phylogenic relationships and genetic risks in 5 local Mongolian populations: Erchim (N=37) from geographically remote Darkhat Valley in the northern mountains, Ulgii Red (N=35) and Dorgon (N=28) from the western mountain region, Buural (N=34) from the western steppe and mountain areas and Gobi Gurvan Saikhan (N=33) from semi-arid steppe area in the South Gobi region. ROH analyses, estimated populations sizes and Fst values showed South Gobi and Darkhat Valley goats to be of a high risk of inbreed-ing that however appear to be of distinct origin (artificial selection vs geographical isolation). In-dices of genetic differentiations between Mongolian goats were relatively low compared to Euro-pean breeds. Meanwhile, we suggest direct comparison is not fully appropriate given that Mongo-lian breeds were not subjected to intense selection. Darkhat Valley goats were clearly differentiat-ed from other Mongolian breeds according to various types of analyses. Phylogenetic relationships within XXX breeds of the rest of the world plotted Mongolian goats between some Russian (Altai, Orenburg) and Chinese populations (Nanjiang and Qinggeli). Thus, present study (i) highlights demographic history Mongolian goats and (ii)provides unified SNP-data called for support deci-sions in conservational genetics. Finally, our work (iii) raises a question of how exactly these data should be compared to make objective choices.

scholarly journals The Occupation History of the Region Between the Dvina and Lovat Rivers in Relation to the Dynamics of Environmental Change

Radiocarbon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
G. I. Zaitseva ◽  
A. M. Mikliaev ◽  
A. N. Mazurkevich
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
River Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

We show how 14C dating may be combined with palynological and paleogeographical research to correlate human occupation history with environmental change, focusing on archaeological sites in the Dvina–Lovat River region of Russia. Cultures in this region range from Early Neolithic to the Middle Ages, ca. 5500 bc–ad 100, based on calibrated 14C ages. The dynamics of water basins in the region, related to climatic change, are one cause of population migration.

scholarly journals The Genetic Structure and East-West Population Admixture in Northwest China Inferred From Genome-Wide Array Genotyping

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ma ◽  
Jinwen Chen ◽  
Xiaomin Yang ◽  
Jingya Bai ◽  
Siwei Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Population History ◽  
Genetic Admixture ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
History Of ◽  
East And West

Northwest China is a contacting region for East and West Eurasia and an important center for investigating the migration and admixture history of human populations. However, the comprehensive genetic structure and admixture history of the Altaic speaking populations and Hui group in Northwest China were still not fully characterized due to insufficient sampling and the lack of genome-wide data. Thus, We genotyped genome-wide SNPs for 140 individuals from five Chinese Mongolic, Turkic speaking groups including Dongxiang, Bonan, Yugur, and Salar, as well as the Hui group. Analysis based on allele-sharing and haplotype-sharing were used to elucidate the population history of Northwest Chinese populations, including PCA, ADMIXTURE, pairwise Fst genetic distance, f-statistics, qpWave/qpAdm and ALDER, fineSTRUCTURE and GLOBETROTTER. We observed Dongxiang, Bonan, Yugur, Salar, and Hui people were admixed populations deriving ancestry from both East and West Eurasians, with the proportions of West Eurasian related contributions ranging from 9 to 15%. The genetic admixture was probably driven by male-biased migration- showing a higher frequency of West Eurasian related Y chromosomal lineages than that of mtDNA detected in Northwest China. ALDER-based admixture and haplotype-based GLOBETROTTER showed this observed West Eurasian admixture signal was introduced into East Eurasia approximately 700 ∼1,000 years ago. Generally, our findings provided supporting evidence that the flourish transcontinental communication between East and West Eurasia played a vital role in the genetic formation of northwest Chinese populations.

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