scholarly journals The role of IT in energy systems: the digital revolution as part of the problem or part of the solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Friederich Kupzog ◽  
Ross King ◽  
Mark Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Role Of It

Abstract The architectural design of our energy systems dates back to a time without information technology (IT). Over time, IT was applied where it increased efficiency and safety. About 12 years ago, the Smart Grid era began. In the meantime, we talk about digitalization. Electrical energy systems require embedded systems, Internet of Things, computation clusters and data analytics. However, IT also has another role in the energy system, namely that of a substantial consumer. Crypto currencies and data centers are on the rise. We analyze impacts on energy demand and discuss risks and chances of this development.

scholarly journals Optimal Design on Fossil-to-Renewable Energy Transition of Regional Integrated Energy Systems under CO2 Emission Abatement Control: A Case Study in Dalian, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2879
Author(s):  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Hailin Mu ◽  
Longxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Emission Abatement ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems

Optimal design of regional integrated energy systems (RIES) offers great potential for better managing energy sources, lower costs and reducing environmental impact. To capture the transition process from fossil fuel to renewable energy, a flexible RIES, including the traditional energy system (TES) based on the coal and biomass based distributed energy system (BDES), was designed to meet a regional multiple energy demand. In this paper, we analyze multiple scenarios based on a new rural community in Dalian (China) to capture the relationship among the energy supply cost, increased share of biomass, system configuration transformation, and renewable subsidy according to regional CO2 emission abatement control targets. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model was developed to find the optimal solutions. The results indicated that a 40.58% increase in the share of biomass in the RIES was the most cost-effective way as compared to the separate TES and BDES. Based on the RIES with minimal cost, by setting a CO2 emission reduction control within 40%, the RIES could ensure a competitive total annual cost as compared to the TES. In addition, when the reduction control exceeds 40%, a subsidy of 53.83 to 261.26 RMB/t of biomass would be needed to cover the extra cost to further increase the share of biomass resource and decrease the CO2 emission.

Mississippi County Community College Solar Photovoltaic Total Energy Project

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Community College ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Total System ◽  
Efficient Operation

Mississippi County Community College at Blytheville, Arkansas, will derive its total electrical and thermal energy demand from an actively cooled photovoltaic energy system being developed under the management of TEAM, Inc. of Springfield, Virginia. The facility has a design peak electrical requirement for 240 kw to be supplied by a 26-sun concentrating collector field that fully tracks E-W. A 2.4 megawatt-hour electrical energy storage system under consideration is an iron redox system using FeCl2 electrolyte and pressure-molded carbon/PVC electrodes. The power conditioning system will include a 300-kw solid-state inverter to furnish 480-v, three-phase, 60-Hz ac to the College, and appropriate switching to acquire utility company power in emergencies. Process control includes the capability to gather vital signs on the collectors, thermal loop, electrical storage and building demands, and to provide closed-loop tracking and all control signals for energy efficient operation of the total system.

Towards a 3D Spatial Urban Energy Modelling Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Bahu ◽  
Andreas Koch ◽  
Enrique Kremers ◽  
Syed Monjur Murshed
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
City Models ◽  
Modelling Approach

Today's needs to reduce the environmental impact of energy use impose dramatic changes for energy infrastructure and existing demand patterns (e.g. buildings) corresponding to their specific context. In addition, future energy systems are expected to integrate a considerable share of fluctuating power sources and equally a high share of distributed generation of electricity. Energy system models capable of describing such future systems and allowing the simulation of the impact of these developments thus require a spatial representation in order to reflect the local context and the boundary conditions. This paper describes two recent research approaches developed at EIFER in the fields of (a) geo-localised simulation of heat energy demand in cities based on 3D morphological data and (b) spatially explicit Agent-Based Models (ABM) for the simulation of smart grids. 3D city models were used to assess solar potential and heat energy demand of residential buildings which enable cities to target the building refurbishment potentials. Distributed energy systems require innovative modelling techniques where individual components are represented and can interact. With this approach, several smart grid demonstrators were simulated, where heterogeneous models are spatially represented. Coupling 3D geodata with energy system ABMs holds different advantages for both approaches. On one hand, energy system models can be enhanced with high resolution data from 3D city models and their semantic relations. Furthermore, they allow for spatial analysis and visualisation of the results, with emphasis on spatially and structurally correlations among the different layers (e.g. infrastructure, buildings, administrative zones) to provide an integrated approach. On the other hand, 3D models can benefit from more detailed system description of energy infrastructure, representing dynamic phenomena and high resolution models for energy use at component level. The proposed modelling strategies conceptually and practically integrate urban spatial and energy planning approaches. The combined modelling approach that will be developed based on the described sectorial models holds the potential to represent hybrid energy systems coupling distributed generation of electricity with thermal conversion systems.

A Software Optimization of the Solar Energy System Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Lukáš Skalík ◽  
Otília Lulkovičová
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hot Water

The energy demand of buildings represents in the balance of heat use and heat consumption of energy complex in the Slovak national economy second largest savings potential. Their complex energy demands is the sum of total investment input to ensure thermal protection and annual operational demands of particular energy systems during their lifetime in building. The application of energy systems based on thermal solar systems reduces energy consumption and operating costs of building for support heating and domestic hot water as well as savings of non-renewable fossil fuels. Correctly designed solar energy system depends on many characteristics, i. e. appropriate solar collector area and tank volume, collector tilt and orientation as well as quality of used components. The evaluation of thermal solar system components by calculation software shows how can be the original thermal solar system improved by means of performance. The system performance can be improved of more than 31 % than in given system by changing four thermal solar system parameters such as heat loss coefficient and aperture area of used solar collector, storage tank volume and its height and diameter ratio.

scholarly journals Big Data in Smart Energy Systems: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Keziban Seçkin Codal ◽  
İzzet Arı ◽  
H. Kemal İlter
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Smart Energy Systems ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is an undeniable fact. Considering that two-thirds of greenhouse gas emissions originate from the energy sector, it is expected that the world's energy system will be transformed with renewable energy sources. Energy efficiency will be continuously increased. Reducing energy-related carbon dioxide emissions is the heart of the energy transition. Big data in energy systems play a crucial role in evaluating the adaptive capacity and investing more smartly to manage energy demand and supply. Indeed, the impact of the smart energy grid and meters on smart energy systems provide and assist decision-makers in transforming energy production, consumption, and communities. This study reviews the literature for aligning big data and smart energy systems and criticized according to regional perspective, period, disciplines, big data characteristics, and used data analytics. The critical review has been categorized into present themes. The results address issues, including scientific studies using data analysis techniques that take into account the characteristics of big data in the smart energy literature and the future of smart energy approaches. The manuscripts on big data in smart energy systems are a promising issue, albeit it is essential to expand subjects through comprehensive interdisciplinary studies

scholarly journals Assessment of sustainability of different renewable energy systems based on life cycle exergy analysis

Tehnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-602
Author(s):  
Branislav Petrović ◽  
Milan Gojak
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
System Sustainability

The sustainable development of energy systems does not only involve the use of renewable energy resources but the increase in their efficiency as well, enabling society to maximise the benefits of their consumption. The production of electrical energy from clean and renewable sources contributes to lowered fossil fuel exploitation and the reduction of its damaging effect on the environment. This is a way to reach the global target of sustainable development - striking a balance between resource consumption and the achievable natural cycle regeneration. Environmental protection is in the focus of attention. Namely, when energy system sustainability is assessed, in addition to the ecological sustainability assessment (based on life cycle analysis - LCA), attention should be paid to the decrease in energy quality in energy processes (exergy loss). This paper presents the thermodynamic approach to energy system sustainability assessment by applying life cycle exergy analysis (LCEA). The key issue is the assessment of systems which use sustainable energy sources: the wind turbine and the stand-alone photovoltaic solar system.

scholarly journals Indicators for the optimization of sustainable urban energy systems based on energy system modeling

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Klemm ◽  
Frauke Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sustainability ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Absolute Energy ◽  
Final Energy Demand

Abstract Background Urban energy systems are responsible for 75% of the world’s energy consumption and for 70% of the worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. Energy system models are used to optimize, benchmark and compare such energy systems with the help of energy sustainability indicators. We discuss several indicators for their basic suitability and their response to changing boundary conditions, system structures and reference values. The most suitable parameters are applied to four different supply scenarios of a real-world urban energy system. Results There is a number of energy sustainability indicators, but not all of them are suitable for the use in urban energy system optimization models. Shortcomings originate from the omission of upstream energy supply chains (secondary energy efficiency), from limited capabilities to compare small energy systems (energy productivity), from excessive accounting expense (regeneration rate), from unsuitable accounting methods (primary energy efficiency), from a questionable impact of some indicators on the overall system sustainability (self-sufficiency), from the lack of detailed information content (share of renewables), and more. On the other hand, indicators of absolute greenhouse gas emissions, energy costs, and final energy demand are well suitable for the use in optimization models. However, each of these indicators only represents partial aspects of energy sustainability; the use of only one indicator in the optimization process increases the risk that other important aspects will deteriorate significantly, eventually leading to suboptimal or even unrealistic scenarios in practice. Therefore, multi-criteria approaches should be used to enable a more holistic optimization and planning of sustainable urban energy systems. Conclusion We recommend multi-criteria optimization approaches using the indicators of absolute greenhouse gas emissions, absolute energy costs, and absolute energy demand. For benchmarking and comparison purposes, specific indicators should be used and therefore related to the final energy demand, respectively, the number of inhabitants. Our example scenarios demonstrate modeling strategies to optimize sustainability of urban energy systems.

Flexible energy systems for planning the world’s main copper mines considering geographical conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Moreno Leiva ◽  
Jannik Haas ◽  
Wolfgang Nowak ◽  
Tobias Junne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Ore Grade

<p>Energy systems of the future will be highly renewable, but building the required infrastructure will require vast amounts of materials. Particularly, renewable energy technologies are more copper-intensive than conventional ones and the production of this metal is intensive in energy and emissions. Moreover, as mineral resources are being depleted, more energy is required for their extraction, with subsequent increase in environmental impacts. Highly stressed and uncertain water resources only worsen this situation.</p><p>In this work, we will first provide a comprehensive review of the limited available energy planning approaches on copper mines, including transferrable learnings from other fields. Our second contribution is to compare the influence of different geographical locations on the optimal design of energy systems to supply the world’s main copper mines. For this, we use a linear energy system optimization model, whose main inputs are hourly time series for solar irradiation and power demand, and projections for energy technology costs and ore grade decline. Our third contribution is to propose a multi-vector energy system with novel demand-side management options, specific to copper production processes, including water demand management, illustrated on a case study in Chile (where mining uses a third of the nationwide electricity).</p><p>In the first part, the review, we learned that energy demand models in copper mines have only coarse temporal and operational resolutions, and require major improvements. Also, demand-side management options remain unstudied but could promise large potentials. In general, the models applied in copper energy planning seem overly simplistic when contrasted to available energy decision tools.</p><p>For the second part, we observed that in most locations, using local photovoltaic power not only lowers future electricity costs but also compensates for increased energy demand from ore grade decline. Some regions gain a clear competitive advantage due to extremely favorable climatic conditions.</p><p>In the third and final part, regarding the demand-side management, we saw how the geography and the spatial design of the mines strongly influence the available options and their performance. Jointly planning flexible water and energy supply seems to be particularly attractive. Also, there is space for smart scheduling of maintenance of the production lines, the hardness of the rock feed, oxygen production, and the hauling (rock transport) fleet.</p><p>As an outlook,  we highlight the need for consideration of lifecycle impacts as a design goal, and to further develop demand model’s and their flexibility on the mining side. We expect that implementing these smarter approaches will help secure a cleaner material supply for the global energy transition.</p>

scholarly journals Improving Energy Sustainability of Suburban Areas by Using Distributed Energy Systems: A Case Study

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Beaud Muriel ◽  
Amarasinghage Tharindu Dasun Perera ◽  
Cai Hanmin ◽  
Andrew Bollinger ◽  
Kristina Orehounig
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Urban Density ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Distributed Energy System ◽  
The Impact

The building sector plays a vital role in Switzerland’s climate policy. In order to support the energy transition in the building sector, Rolle, a suburban area located along the shore of Lake Geneva is considered in this study to understand the promising future scenarios for integration of renewable energy technologies. The area is clustered into 12 clusters and a distributed energy system is designed for each cluster. Subsequently, three energy systems with contrasting densities are taken for further comparison to understand the impact of urban density on the design of the distributed energy system. The study reveals that urban density will influence the peak as well as the annual energy demand of the energy hubs. The study reveals that the energy technologies used in the energy hubs are strongly influenced by the capacity of the system (peak and annual energy demand). Energy systems with higher capacities are less sensitive to the market changes when compared to the systems with lower capacities (leading to sparse suburban areas).

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