Genetic diversity and classification of the outer capsid glycoprotein VP7 of porcine group B rotaviruses

2009 ◽  
Vol 154 (11) ◽  
pp. 1785-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazufumi Kuga ◽  
Ayako Miyazaki ◽  
Takako Suzuki ◽  
Michihiro Takagi ◽  
Nachiko Hattori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Group B ◽  
Outer Capsid

scholarly journals Microsatellite-Based Genetic Structure and Hybrid Detection in Alpacas Bred in Poland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2193
Author(s):  
Angelika Podbielska ◽  
Katarzyna Piórkowska ◽  
Tomasz Szmatoła
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Hybrid Detection ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Mixed Origin ◽  
Generation Hybrid

This study aimed to characterize the population structure and genetic diversity of alpacas maintained in Poland using 17 microsatellite markers recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics. The classification of llamas, alpacas, and hybrids of both based on phenotype is often difficult due to long-term admixture. Our results showed that microsatellite markers can distinguish alpacas from llamas and provide information about the level of admixture of one species in another. Alpacas admixed with llamas constituted 8.8% of the tested individuals, with the first-generation hybrid displaying only 7.4% of llama admixture. The results showed that Poland hosts a high alpaca genetic diversity as a consequence of their mixed origin. More than 200 different alleles were identified and the average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity values were 0.745 and 0.768, respectively, the average coefficient of inbreeding was 0.034, and the average polymorphism information content value was 0.741. The probability of exclusion for one parent was estimated at 0.99995 and for two parents at 0.99999.

scholarly journals Use of morpho-agronomic traits and DNA profiling for classification of genetic diversity in papaya

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 6646-6663 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.N. de Jesus ◽  
J.P.X. de Freitas ◽  
J.L.L. Dantas ◽  
E.J. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dna Profiling

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in Indian Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp. complex) using morphological and molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Moharil ◽  
Dipti Gawai ◽  
N. Dikshit ◽  
M.S. Dudhare ◽  
P. V. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
High Degree

In the present study, morphological and molecular markers (RAPD primers) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 21 accessions of Echinochloa spp. complex comprising the wild and cultivated species collected from Melghat and adjoining regions of Vidarbha, Maharashtra. The availability of diverse genetic resources is a prerequisite for genetic improvement of any crop including barnyard millet. A high degree of molecular diversity among the landraces was detected. Among the 21 genotypes, two major groups (A and B) were formed, at 67.28 % similarity, which clearly encompasses 15 accessions of E. frumentacea and 6 accessions of E. colona. Higher similarity was observed in accessions of E. frumentacea. The accessions IC 597322 and IC 597323 also IC 597302 and IC 597304 showed more than 94% similarity among themselves. The classification of genetic diversity has enabled clear-cut grouping of barnyard millet accessions into two morphological races (E. frumentacea and E. colona).

Secondary intra-arterial chemotherapy and/or intravitreal chemotherapy as salvage treatment for retinoblastoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212095758
Author(s):  
Ibadulla Mirzayev ◽  
Ahmet Kaan Gündüz ◽  
Kıvılcım Yavuz ◽  
Mehmet Zahid Şekkeli ◽  
Funda Seher Özalp Ateş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Salvage Treatment ◽  
External Radiotherapy ◽  
Intravitreal Chemotherapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Purpose: To evaluate the results of secondary intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) and/or intravitreal chemotherapy (IVC) as a salvage treatment for retinoblastoma (RB). Materials and Methods: The medical records of 31 (20 male, 11 female) cases (with 38 eyes) who underwent secondary IAC and/or IVC between February 2010 and June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Thirteen (41.9%) cases had unilateral and 18 (58.1%) had bilateral RB. According to the International Classification of RB, 6 (15.8%) eyes had group B, 9 (23.7%) eyes had group C, 16 (42.1%) eyes had group D, and 7 (18.4%) eyes had group E RB at diagnosis. All patients underwent six-cycle intravenous chemotherapy as primary treatment and 8 eyes received external radiotherapy before IAC/IVC. Secondary IAC was performed in 21 (55.3%) eyes, IVC in 10 (26.3%) eyes, and IAC + IVC in 7 (18.4%) eyes. External radiotherapy was applied in 2 (5.3%) eyes after IAC/IVC, one of which was later enucleated. In total, 17 (44.7%) eyes undergoing secondary IAC/IVC treatments were enucleated. Metastasis and death were not observed in any case during the mean follow-up period of 59.3 (median 61, range: 10–98) months. Discussion: Although 60.5% of the eyes undergoing IAC/IVC consisted of groups D and E RB, globe salvage and survival rates were 55.3% and 100.0%, respectively. External radiotherapy was required in 5.3% of the eyes after IAC/IVC. In conclusion, IAC and IVC are safe and effective treatment methods in eyes with RB unresponsive to other eye-preserving treatments and those demonstrating recurrence.

Creative friendship and political diversity in Catalonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2035-2052
Author(s):  
Carme Garcia Yeste ◽  
Mar Joanpere ◽  
Oriol Rios-Gonzalez ◽  
Teresa Morlà-Folch
Keyword(s):  
Research Project ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

The atmosphere of political confrontation in Catalonia has recently had a considerable impact in WhatsApp groups analyzed within the framework of the IMPACT-EV (Evaluating the impact and outcomes of EU SSH research) project (FP7). We developed a classification of four impacts. (a) In most cases where pro-independence supporters and Spanish nationalists have participated in WhatsApp groups, conversations about Catalan independence have broken groups up due to the groups being deleted, someone being removed, or someone leaving the group. (b) Most groups that have agreed to not speak about the issue have continued without conflict. (c) Groups that have been maintained have survived because their members hold the same political position. (d) Only some groups have persisted despite discussing the topic due to a respect for differing political positions. In this article, we analyze this reality from the conversations of different WhatsApp groups, and by employing the communicative methodology of research, we identify a predominance of links of instrumental friendship in Typology a and links of democratic friendship in Typology d.

scholarly journals A direct correlation between commissural orientation and annular shape in bicuspid aortic valves: a new anatomical and computed tomography classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-670
Author(s):  
Ilaria Chirichilli ◽  
Francesco Giosuè Irace ◽  
Luca Paolo Weltert ◽  
Andrea Salica ◽  
Lorenzo Guerrieri Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Aortic Annulus ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Elliptical Shape ◽  
Anatomical Classification ◽  
Bicuspid Aortic Valves ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Symmetrical Type

Abstract OBJECTIVES The shape of the aortic annulus is still under debate. Recent findings suggest a possible gradual spectrum of circularity from tricuspid aortic valves (TAVs), to type 1 bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) to type 0 BAVs. BAVs have been recently classified in a symmetrical (type A), asymmetrical (type B) or very asymmetrical (type C) phenotype according to the commissural orientation (CO) (160°–180°, 140°–159° and 120°–139°, respectively). The aim of this study is to verify in BAVs the correlation between the aortic annular shape and the CO of valve cusps and to suggest a new anatomical and geometric classification of BAVs based on CO and annular shape. METHODS We retrospectively selected 191 consecutive patients who underwent both electrocardiography-gated computed tomography scan of the aortic root and transthoracic echocardiography between January 2016 and June 2019. The population was divided into 2 groups: 54 BAVs and 137 TAVs. We analysed the subgroup of BAV patients and divided them into group A, group B and group C depending on the CO. The shape of the aortic annulus was considered ‘circular’ or ‘elliptic’ according to the ellipticity index (EI).We studied the possible correlation between CO and annular shape in BAVs. We also analysed the subgroup of TAV patients studying their annular shape and EI. RESULTS After univariate linear regression, BAV patients showed a significant correlation between the CO and the EI (R = −0, 445, R2 = 0, 198, P = 0.001). As the CO decreases, the EI increases and approaches an elliptical shape. After grouping BAVs according to the CO, a mean EI of 1.10 ± 0.07 was found in group A, 1.13 ± 0.08 in group B, 1.18 ± 0.07 in group C, P = 0.0097 indicating a gradual spectrum of ellipticity with the decrease of CO. TAVs subgroup showed a mean EI of 1.27 ± 0.09, suggesting that the more the CO is reduced in BAVs, the more the annulus probably tends towards the very elliptical shape of TAVs. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a linear correlation between CO and annular shape in BAVs. In particular, the aortic annulus follows a continuous spectrum of ellipticity depending on the CO. These findings lay the groundwork for a new anatomical classification of BAVs based on CO and annular shape.

Effectiveness of training programmes used in two stables of thoroughbred race horses

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Szarska ◽  
A. Cywińska ◽  
P. Ostaszewski ◽  
A. Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Group B ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Gps System ◽  
Race Horses

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the training methods used in two stables and their effects on selected blood parameters and race results. A total number of 36 thoroughbred race horses was examined in two groups, trained by two trainers. Twenty-four horses (group A) were trained at Sluzewiec and the remaining twelve horses (group B) were kept and trained in a private stable. The experiment lasted for five months. The activities of CPK (creatine phosphokinase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and the concentration of LA (lactic acid) were determined. The speed was controlled and recorded by a Garmin GPS system. The analysis of the General Handicap rating demonstrated that the training methods used in stable A were more effective and resulted in better classification of these horses. Training methods in both stables were evaluated and compared on the basis of maximal speeds during training sessions and related post exercise LA concentrations. The main differences between training methods used in both stables concerned the workload and the time of work with the rider. Analysis of the values measured in individual horses from stable B have shown that AST and CK activities were high not only in all young, 2-year-old horses but also in three older ones. This seems to confirm the lack of balance and proper movement coordination in these horses, resulting in high activities of muscle enzymes.

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