Effectiveness of training programmes used in two stables of thoroughbred race horses

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Szarska ◽  
A. Cywińska ◽  
P. Ostaszewski ◽  
A. Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Group B ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Gps System ◽  
Race Horses

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the training methods used in two stables and their effects on selected blood parameters and race results. A total number of 36 thoroughbred race horses was examined in two groups, trained by two trainers. Twenty-four horses (group A) were trained at Sluzewiec and the remaining twelve horses (group B) were kept and trained in a private stable. The experiment lasted for five months. The activities of CPK (creatine phosphokinase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and the concentration of LA (lactic acid) were determined. The speed was controlled and recorded by a Garmin GPS system. The analysis of the General Handicap rating demonstrated that the training methods used in stable A were more effective and resulted in better classification of these horses. Training methods in both stables were evaluated and compared on the basis of maximal speeds during training sessions and related post exercise LA concentrations. The main differences between training methods used in both stables concerned the workload and the time of work with the rider. Analysis of the values measured in individual horses from stable B have shown that AST and CK activities were high not only in all young, 2-year-old horses but also in three older ones. This seems to confirm the lack of balance and proper movement coordination in these horses, resulting in high activities of muscle enzymes.

scholarly journals A direct correlation between commissural orientation and annular shape in bicuspid aortic valves: a new anatomical and computed tomography classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-670
Author(s):  
Ilaria Chirichilli ◽  
Francesco Giosuè Irace ◽  
Luca Paolo Weltert ◽  
Andrea Salica ◽  
Lorenzo Guerrieri Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Aortic Annulus ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Elliptical Shape ◽  
Anatomical Classification ◽  
Bicuspid Aortic Valves ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Symmetrical Type

Abstract OBJECTIVES The shape of the aortic annulus is still under debate. Recent findings suggest a possible gradual spectrum of circularity from tricuspid aortic valves (TAVs), to type 1 bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) to type 0 BAVs. BAVs have been recently classified in a symmetrical (type A), asymmetrical (type B) or very asymmetrical (type C) phenotype according to the commissural orientation (CO) (160°–180°, 140°–159° and 120°–139°, respectively). The aim of this study is to verify in BAVs the correlation between the aortic annular shape and the CO of valve cusps and to suggest a new anatomical and geometric classification of BAVs based on CO and annular shape. METHODS We retrospectively selected 191 consecutive patients who underwent both electrocardiography-gated computed tomography scan of the aortic root and transthoracic echocardiography between January 2016 and June 2019. The population was divided into 2 groups: 54 BAVs and 137 TAVs. We analysed the subgroup of BAV patients and divided them into group A, group B and group C depending on the CO. The shape of the aortic annulus was considered ‘circular’ or ‘elliptic’ according to the ellipticity index (EI).We studied the possible correlation between CO and annular shape in BAVs. We also analysed the subgroup of TAV patients studying their annular shape and EI. RESULTS After univariate linear regression, BAV patients showed a significant correlation between the CO and the EI (R = −0, 445, R2 = 0, 198, P = 0.001). As the CO decreases, the EI increases and approaches an elliptical shape. After grouping BAVs according to the CO, a mean EI of 1.10 ± 0.07 was found in group A, 1.13 ± 0.08 in group B, 1.18 ± 0.07 in group C, P = 0.0097 indicating a gradual spectrum of ellipticity with the decrease of CO. TAVs subgroup showed a mean EI of 1.27 ± 0.09, suggesting that the more the CO is reduced in BAVs, the more the annulus probably tends towards the very elliptical shape of TAVs. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a linear correlation between CO and annular shape in BAVs. In particular, the aortic annulus follows a continuous spectrum of ellipticity depending on the CO. These findings lay the groundwork for a new anatomical classification of BAVs based on CO and annular shape.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Taalishadi Churna Compared with Sitopaladi Churna in the Management of Kasa

2021 ◽  
pp. 463-470
Author(s):  
Sirjana Shrestha ◽  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Sabbu Thasineku ◽  
Jitendra Shrestha ◽  
D.L. Bharkher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lottery System

Introduction: Kasa is a Vata-kapha pradhana disease, caused due to Vata vimargagaman and Pranavaha shrotodusti. Due to the various similarities in its clinical presentation, Kasa can be correlated with cough (bronchitis). According to National center for health statistics, 62 million cases of common cold and cough occurs each year. Methodology: A total of 44 patients diagnosed as Kasa were randomly divided as per the lottery system of randomization. The patients of Group A were given 5 gram of Sitopaladi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of Group B were given 5 gram of Taalishadi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of both the groups were supposed to follow the dietary and behavioural advices. The response of the drug was assessed at pre-treatment and post-treatment time. Results: There was equal significant change in all of the Roga bala, Agni bala and Deha bala parameters by both Sitopaladi and Taalishadi Churna. It was revealed that all other blood parameters except Hb, TLC and Neutrophil count used in the study were not significant in both the groups. Both drugs were found equally highly significant (p< 0.0001) in Sushka kasa and Swarabheda. Sitopaladi churna was more effective in relieving Hritparswashool (p=0.002) whereas Taalishadi churna is more effective in reducing Pitanisthivanam (p=0.007). In case of Nirghosh, Sitopaladi churna was more effective (p<0.0001). On the other hand, Taalishadi churna was more effective in relieving Peenasa (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both Sitopaladi Churna and Taalishadi Churna were found to be equally effective in the treatment of Kasa.

Comparison of Allopurinol And Febuxostat in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemic Patients and their Impact on Serum Creatinine

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Tafazzul Hussain ◽  
Musarrat Sultana ◽  
Syeda Amber Zaidi ◽  
Syed Saud Hasan ◽  
Mohsin Turab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To determine the effect of Allopurinol & Febuxostat for the treatment of hyperuricemic patients & its influence on renal function by measuring serum creatinine level. Study Design & setting: The clinical trial was conducted at Dr. Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, during the period of September 2018 to March 2019 Methodology: 60 patients with sUA > 6.8 mg/dl were registered. A detailed history was taken, patient's baseline serum Uric Acid (sUA) & serum Creatinine were measured. Patients were divided into two groups to receive Allopurinol, 300 mg & Febuxostat 80 mg, daily for 90-days. The blood parameters were repeated at day 30 and 90. Results: Group-A (Allopurinol treated patients) baseline uric acid changed from mean 8.79 ± 0.98 mg/dl to 6.40 ± 0.86 mg/dl at day 90. In Group-B (Febuxostat treated patients) sUA baseline mean changed from 8.85 ± 0.97 mg/dl to 5.96 ± 0.68 mg/dl. Mean difference ± SD change of serum uric acid in Group-A was 2.39 ± 1.15 mg/dl and with Group-B it was 2.90 ± 0.87 mg/dl. Mean Serum Creatinine in Group-A changed from 1.54 ± 0.39 mg/dl to mean 1.48 ± 0.40 mg/dl compared with Group-B where it changed from 1.42 ± 0.30 mg/dl to 1.45 ± 0.31 mg/dl at day-90. Mean difference ± SD of serum Creatinine in Group-A was 0.11 ± 0.25 mg/dl & in Group-B it was, 0.03 ± 0.15 mg/dl. The above changes were statistically non-significant with p-value of 0.144. Conclusion: Allopurinol and Febuxostat treatment resulted in improvement of serum Uric Acid levels while maintaining their renal function

scholarly journals Effects of colistin sulfate on hematological parameters in broiler

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Md Nazmul Hasan ◽  
Md Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Kazi Rafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Colistin Sulfate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Hematological indication is an important finding for pathophysiological analysis of biological science. This study was designed with the aim to investigate the effects of residual antibiotics on hematological parameters of broiler following discriminate and indiscriminate use. The day old broiler chicks were collected and reared up to 31 days. The treatment was started from the day 16th until sacrifice. The chicks were randomly divided into three groups namely control group (Group A), discriminate antibiotic group (Group B) and indiscriminate antibiotic group (Group C) on the 14th day. The discriminate group was treated with antibiotic, colistin sulfate maintaining the withdrawal period of one week. In case of indiscriminate group the withdrawal period was not maintained and antibiotic treatment was continued till the day of sacrifice. The Hb (%) of control, discriminate and indiscriminate groups were 8.34±0.15, 6.89±0.27, and 7.14±0.23 respectively. The differences among means were statistically significant (P<0.05). The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of control, discriminate, and indiscriminate groups were 23.51±0.76, 21.17±0.94, and 22.83±1.19 respectively. The differences among means were statistically significant. The multiple pair wise comparison of means of blood parameters revealed that there was no significant difference among discriminate and indiscriminate groups. From the above findings, this research could be considered a need based research in Bangladesh to ascertain the influential effect of antibiotic on hematological parameters in broiler. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (2), 113-117

scholarly journals Classification of previously unclassified cases of craniosynostosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. E1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Chumas ◽  
Giuseppe Cinalli ◽  
Eric Arnaud ◽  
Daniel Marchac ◽  
Dominique Renier
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Complex Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lower Intelligence ◽  
Second Procedure

Cases of craniosynostosis usually fall into well-demarcated categories: those related to a syndrome or identified by a combination of suture involvement and morphological appearance. Between 1976 and 1995, 53 (3.6%) of 1474 cases in the craniofacial databank were assessed and designated as nonsyndromic but unclassifiable. The records and radiological studies obtained in these patients were retrospectively analyzed and comparisons were made with patients classified in the databank as having simple craniosynostoses. It proved possible to divide the formerly unclassifiable cases into two groups: those with “two-suture disease” (Group A) and a “complex” group (Group B) in which more than two sutures were affected. Group A consisted of 36 cases (68%) of patients presenting with clear evidence of simultaneous involvement of two sutures but with no progression over time to suggest a more diffuse pansynostosis. Suture involvement was as follows: 17 of 36 sagittal plus one coronal; seven of 36 sagittal plus metopic; six of 36 sagittal plus one lambdoid; and six of 36 metopic plus one coronal. The only significant difference between the Group A cases and the cases of simple craniosynostoses was in the percentage requiring a second operation (24% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001). Group B consisted of 17 cases in which the patients presented at a slightly earlier age (mean 1 year) with severe morphological changes and multiple suture involvement. At the time of surgery, six of 17 patients showed large areas of lacunae within the cranial vault, making craniectomy the only option. In Group B, 10 of 17 patients displayed bilateral lambdoid plus sagittal suture involvement resulting in marked occipital recession posteriorly, whereas anteriorly in six of these 10 patients there was a massive frontal bone associated with posteriorly located coronal sutures. In contrast, there were also four patients in Group B with bilateral coronal plus metopic involvement resulting in a small frontal bone. There was a trend toward a lower intelligence quotient and a worse morphological outcome in the patients in Group B, but again the only result attaining statistical significance when compared to the databank was the rate of second operation (37.5 vs. 5%, p < 0.0001). “Two-suture synostosis” is a relatively straightforward condition and is treatable with standard craniosynostosis techniques. However, possibly as a result of surgical compromise when two sutures are involved, the rate of reoperation is far higher than in simple suture cases. In contrast, patients in the “complex” group presenting with severe multisuture involvement require a more tailor-made approach to their management that often entails a second procedure.

scholarly journals Difensil Immuno Reduces Recurrence and Severity of Tonsillitis in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Di Stadio ◽  
Antonio della Volpe ◽  
Fiammetta M. Korsch ◽  
Antonietta De Lucia ◽  
Massimo Ralli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Group A ◽  
Volume Blood ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oral Supplements

Oral supplements (OS) support the immune system in fighting upper airways infection. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Difensil Immuno (DI) on the recurrence of tonsillitis and fever in children. A multicentric randomized clinical trial was conducted. One-hundred and twenty children with chronic tonsillitis were randomly assigned to group A, B or control. Patients in group A were treated with 10 mL of DI for 90 consecutive days, patients in group B underwent treatment with 15 mL of DI for 45 consecutive days. The following data were collected at baseline (T0), T1 and T2: tonsillitis and fever episodes, tonsillar volume, blood test results. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze within and between variances. Patients in group A and B statistically improved their clinical parameters (episode of tonsillitis and fever, tonsillar volume) when compared to control group both at T1 and T2. However, T1 variances were more consistent in group A than in group B. All patients in the study groups improved their clinical outcomes. No statistically significant variances were observed in blood parameters both at T1 and T2. Our results suggest that children treated with DI had fewer episodes of tonsillitis and fever and a reduction in their tonsillar volume.

scholarly journals Genetic Interactions Among Late-Flowering Mutants of Arabidopsis

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 885-892
Author(s):  
M Koornneef ◽  
C Alonso-Blanco ◽  
H Blankestijn-de Vries ◽  
C J Hanhart ◽  
A J M Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Days

Abstract Flowering time in Arabidopsis is controlled by a large number of genes, identified by induced mutations. Forty-two double mutants involving 10 of these loci were obtained and analyzed for their flowering behavior under long-day conditions, with and without vernalization, and under short-day conditions. The genetic interactions between the various mutants proved to be complex, although a major epistatic group (called group A) could be identified corresponding to the mutants, which are relatively insensitive to vernalization and daylength. In contrast, the genetic behavior of the mutants much more responsive to these environmental factors (group B) is more complex. The vernalization responsiveness of the group B mutants did not compensate for the lateness of the group A mutants. This indicated that these genes do not control vernalization sensitivity as such, but provide a factor that becomes limiting in short days. The classification of these mutants in different physiological groups is discussed in relation to the detected genetic interactions, and based on these interactions a more detailed model of their role in flowering initiation is proposed.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of dynamics of level of the acute phase C-reactive protein and its connection with the immune system of organism in patients, suffering the ulcer gastro-intestinal hemorrhage with concurrent cardio-vascular pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
M. V. Trofimov ◽  
V. P. Kryshen ◽  
A. V. Chukhrienko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Intestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Group B

Objective. To improve the investigated efficacy of treatment in elderly and senile patients, suffering the ulcer gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, in accordance to dynamics of levels of C-reactive protein, the immune system indices, and in connection with clinical picture studied. Materials and methods. Prospective investigation was conducted in 35 patients of elderly and senile age (in accordance to classification of The World Health Organization – 61 - 90 yrs old), suffering the ulcer gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, the course of which was complicated by cardio-vascular pathology – an acute coronary syndrome (angina pectoris, atrial fibrillation, extrasystole, arrhythmia of various genesis) and an acute myocardial infarctionі in 2019 - 2021 yrs. There were 16 (46%) women and 19 (54%) men. Average age of the patients have constituted 76.3 yrs old. This category of patients was distributed in accordance to methods of treatment of coexistent cardio-vascular pathology: Group A – 20 patients, who took hypotensive therapy in accordance to standard scheme, Group B – 15 patients, who took a «double» therapy. The control group consisted of 50 relatively healthy persons (donors), who have had approximately equal age, the gender distribution with the patients investigated, while procedure of the indices determination in them was the same. Results. Degree of the blood loss in accordance to classification of Marino (1998) was investigated. In Group A a small blood loss was observed in 7 (35%), and a middle one – in 13 (65%) patients. In group B big blood loss was noted in 9 (60%), while a massive one – in 6 (40%) patients. The term before admittance to hospital and preparations, which the patients took for treatment of cardio-vascular pathology – anticoagulants, antiaggregants, hypotensive, and their combinations as well – have impacted the blood loss degree. The dynamics of levels of C-reactive protein, іnterleukin-6 and іnterleukin-4 in these groups of patients was determined. Conclusion. On the 7th day in groups A and B normalization of levels of the acute phase index of C-reactive protein, proinflammatory interleukin-6 and proinflammatory interleukin-4 (in group B especially expressed) was not revealed. Potent interrelationship between levels of С-reactive protein and interleukin-6 was revealed, but it was statistically nonsignificant due to small size of statistical sample of the groups. Level of interleukin-4 was sharply reduced without a tendency to normalization (p <0,01). At the same time, therapy of comorbidities in patients with cardio-vascular pathology influenced a state of interleukins mentioned above. Clinical significance of immune indices was proved on multiple clinical examples and may constitute one of objective criteria for estimation of the patients’ state, prognostication of the disease course and correction of the treatment initialized.

scholarly journals New diagnostic tenet of the esthetic midface for clinical assessment of anterior malar projection

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott T. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Vector Group ◽  
Visual Classification ◽  
Positive Vector ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Craniofacial Syndromes

ABSTRACTObjective:To determine whether a visual classification of anterior malar support using vector relationships is supported by cephalometric analysis.Materials and Methods:Forty white subjects between the ages of 10 and 12 years, without craniofacial syndromes or previous orthodontic treatment, were equally divided into groups based on visual assessment of negative and positive vector relationships. Group A comprised 20 subjects (10 male, 10 female) exhibiting a positive vector relationship. Group B comprised 20 subjects (10 male, 10 female) displaying a negative vector relationship. Sella-nasion-orbitale (SNO) angulations were measured to evaluate the subjects' anteroposterior position of the malar eminence relative to the cranial base. Gender differences and significant differences in SNO measurements between groups A and B were assessed with Mann-Whitney U-tests.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between genders. SNO angulations in the negative vector group were smaller than the positive vector controls by an average of 6.0 degrees, and the difference was highly significant (P &lt; .0001).Conclusion:Compared with subjects exhibiting a positive vector relationship, individuals displaying a negative vector relationship had significantly reduced malar support. Anterior malar projection can be effectively classified through visual assessment of vector relationships.

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