Low-dose grape pomace and omija fruit extract is more effective than high-dose in lowering oxidative stress and fat-pad mass in db/db mice

Strenuous exercise is known to induce oxidative stress leading to the generation of free radicals. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of lycopene, an antioxidant nutrient, at a relatively low dose (2·6 mg/kg per d) and a relatively high dose (7·8 mg/kg per d) on the antioxidant status of blood and skeletal muscle tissues in rats after exhaustive exercise. Rats were divided into six groups: sedentary control (C); sedentary control with low-dose lycopene (CLL); sedentary control with high-dose lycopene (CHL); exhaustive exercise (E); exhaustive exercise with low-dose lycopene (ELL); exhaustive exercise with high-dose lycopene (EHL). After 30 d, the rats in the three C groups were killed without exercise, but the rats in the three E groups were killed immediately after an exhaustive running test on a motorised treadmill. The results showed that xanthine oxidase (XO) activities of plasma and muscle, and muscular myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in group E were significantly increased compared with group C. Compared with group E, the elevations of XO and MPO activities of muscle were significantly decreased in group EHL. The malondialdehyde concentrations of plasma and tissues in group E were significantly increased by 72 and 114 %, respectively, compared with those in group C. However, this phenomenon was prevented in rats of the ELL and EHL groups. There was no significant difference in the GSH concentrations of erythrocytes in each group; however, exhaustive exercise resulted in a significant decrease in the GSH content of muscle. In conclusion, these results suggested that lycopene protected muscle tissue from oxidative stress after exhaustive exercise.

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Efficacy of High-Dose and Low-Dose Simvastatin on Vascular Oxidative Stress and Neurological Outcomes in Patient with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel, Controlled Trial

Neurology Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/7268924 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nattaphol Uransilp ◽

Pannawat Chaiyawatthanananthn ◽

Sombat Muengtaweepongsa

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Barthel Index ◽

Low Dose ◽

Past History ◽

High Dose ◽

Neurological Outcomes ◽

History Of ◽

Vascular Oxidative Stress

Backgrounds. Stroke is the leading cause of death and long-term disability. Oxidative stress is elevated during occurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1) and NO are used as biomarkers for vascular oxidative stress that can reflect stabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. Previous study showed that simvastatin can reduce oxidative stress and LOX-1 expression. Objectives. To evaluate neurological outcomes and serum sLOX-1 and NO levels in patients with AIS treatment with low dose 10 mg/day and high dose 40 mg/day of simvastatin. Methods. 65 patients with AIS within 24 hours after onset were randomized to treatment with simvastatin 10 mg/day or 40 mg/day for 90 days. Personal data and past history of all patients were recorded at baseline. The blood chemistries were measured by standard laboratory techniques. Serum sLOX-1 and NO levels and neurological outcomes including NIHSS, mRS, and Barthel index were tested at baseline and Day 90 after simvastatin therapy. Results. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different in both groups except history of hypertension. Serum sLOX-1 and NO levels significantly reduce in both groups (sLOX-1 = 1.19±0.47 and 0.98±0.37 ng/ml; NO = 49.28±7.21 and 46.59±9.36 μmol/l) in 10 mg/day and 40 mg/day simvastatin groups, respectively. Neurological outcomes including NIHSS, mRS, and Barthel index significantly improve in both groups. However, no difference in NO level and neurological outcomes was found at 90 days after treatment as compared between low dose 10 mg/day and high dose 40 mg/day of simvastatin. Conclusion. High-dose simvastatin might be helpful to reduce serum sLOX-1. But no difference in clinical outcomes was found between high- and low-dose simvastatin. Further more intensive clinical trial is needed to confirm the appropriate dosage of simvastatin in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03402204.

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Subchronic Toxicological Assessment of Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® on Lipid Profile and Serum Antioxidant Enzymes in Exposed Wistar Rats

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2020/v9i430093 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 16-25

Author(s):

Godswill J. Udom ◽

Jude E. Okokon ◽

John A. Udobang ◽

Daniel N. Obot ◽

Nkechi J. Onyeukwu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Low Dose ◽

Herbal Remedy ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

High Density Lipoproteins ◽

High Dose ◽

Low Density

Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® is a polyherbal mixture promoted as an effective herbal remedy for numerous diseases. Study aimed to evaluate the toxicity concern of the polyherbal mixture (PHM) on lipid profile and oxidative status in Wistar rats of both gender. Acute toxicity study was conducted using modified method of Lorke. Thirty Wistar rats of bother gender were randomly divided into six groups (5/group) and exposed to the polyherbal mixture for 60 days via oral gavage. Control groups (1 and 4) received 10 mL/kg distilled water, while groups 2-3 and 5-6 received 476.24 and 158.75 mg/kg body weight of Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® respectively. On 62nd day, animals were sacrificed under diethyl ether anaesthesia; blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. PHM significantly (p < 0.05) increased high density lipoproteins (HDL) levels in male rats as well as high dose female rats relative to control. However, low dose female rats recorded low HDL levels relative to control. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density and very low density lipoprotein levels were significantly reduced in all test groups relative to controls. The low dose males (LDM) had reduced serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity; while increased and decreased GPX and glutathione (GSH) activities were respectively recorded for female rats. Male rats had dose-dependent increase in malondialdehyde. The recorded reductions in serum lipids suggest that the polyherbal mixture may have hypolipidemic potentials. While the increased malondialdehyde as well as decreased GPX and GSH indicate lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress inducing potentials of the PHM. Despite the positive modulation on lipid profile, findings suggest utmost caution on chronic use as its oxidative stress inducing potentials is considerable.

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Two Faces of Arbutine in Hepatocelluler Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells: Anticarcinogenic Effect in LD50 Dose and Protective Effect Against Cisplatin Toxication Through its Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity in LD0 Dose

10.21203/rs.3.rs-220164/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ömer Hazman ◽

Hatice Evin ◽

Mehmet Fatih Bozkurt ◽

İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Low Dose ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

High Dose ◽

Cosmetic Products ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Whitening Agent ◽

High Doses ◽

Active Substances

Abstract Arbutine is one of the active substances used as a skin whitening agent in cosmetic products. Possible effects of arbutine on hepatocelluler carcinoma (HepG2) cells and cisplatin toxication in HepG2 cells were investigated in this study. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation levels were determined in experimental groups established for the purpose above. It was determined that when low dose of α-arbutine (in LD0 dose) was administered to HepG2 cells alone, it had no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and no effects on inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation. However, when low dose of arbutine was used with cisplatin, it was observed that oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity levels increased as a result of cisplatin toxicity, but caspase 3 levels were not affected by this situation. As a result of high dose (in LD50 dose) of α-arbutine administration to HepG2 cells, it was determined that it would have anticarcinogenic effects by increasing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inflammation and apoptosis and by suppressing proliferation. In the presented study it was determined that as well as α-arbutine had an anticarcinogenic effect on HepG2 cells in high doses, it might be protective to reduce the side effects caused by low dose (LD0 dose) of cisplatin treatment. In addition, it was concluded that α/β-arbutine-including cosmetic products were safe for cancer patients because α/β-arbutine had no effect on proliferation in HepG2 cells. In order to present the activity of arbutine isoforms more clearly it is recommended that studies should be conducted using healthy and different cell lines.

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Two Faces of Arbutine in Hepatocelluler Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells: Anticarcinogenic Effect in LD50 Dose and Protective Effect Against Cisplatin Toxication Through its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in LD0 Dose

10.21203/rs.3.rs-273420/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ömer Hazman ◽

Hatice Evin ◽

Mehmet Fatih Bozkurt ◽

İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Low Dose ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

High Dose ◽

Cosmetic Products ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Whitening Agent ◽

High Doses ◽

Active Substances

Abstract Arbutine is one of the active substances used as a skin whitening agent in cosmetic products. Possible effects of arbutine on hepatocelluler carcinoma (HepG2) cells and cisplatin toxication in HepG2 cells were investigated in this study. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation levels were determined in experimental groups established for the purpose above. It was determined that when low dose of α-arbutine (in LD0 dose) was administered to HepG2 cells alone, it had no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and no effects on inflammation, apoptosis and proliferation. However, when low dose of arbutine was used with cisplatin, it was observed that oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity levels increased as a result of cisplatin toxicity, but caspase 3 levels were not affected by this situation. As a result of high dose (in LD50 dose) of α-arbutine administration to HepG2 cells, it was determined that it would have anticarcinogenic effects by increasing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inflammation and apoptosis and by suppressing proliferation. In the presented study it was determined that as well as α-arbutine had an anticarcinogenic effect on HepG2 cells in high doses, it might be protective to reduce the side effects caused by low dose (LD0 dose) of cisplatin treatment. In addition, it was concluded that α/β-arbutine-including cosmetic products were safe for cancer patients because α/β-arbutine had no effect on proliferation in HepG2 cells. In order to present the activity of arbutine isoforms more clearly it is recommended that studies should be conducted using healthy and different cell lines.

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Xiaoyaosan Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inhibits Oxidative-Stress-Induced Hippocampus Neuron Apoptosis In Vitro

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/489254 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zhen-zhi Meng ◽

Jing-hong Hu ◽

Jia-xu Chen ◽

Guang-xin Yue

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Low Dose ◽

Free Calcium ◽

High Dose ◽

Hippocampus Neuron ◽

Neuron Apoptosis

Xiaoyaosan (XYS) decoction is a famous prescription for the treatment of mental disorders in China. In this experiment, we explored the way in which XYS decoction-reverse hippocampus neuron apoptosis in vitro. We used XYS decoction-containing serum to treat oxidative-stress-induced hippocampus neuron apoptosis and used immunofluorescence to determine the concentration of free calcium, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptotic rate of neuron. Results showed that 3-hour oxidative stress decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, increase the concentration of free calcium and apoptotic rate of neuron via triggering pathological changes of nucleus such as karyorrhexis, karyopyknosis. Low, medium, high dose of XYS-decoction-containing serum could reverse these phenomenon, and the effect of low-dose XYS-decoction-containing serum was significant in improving mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptotic rate of neuron. These findings suggest that XYS decoction may be helpful in reducing oxidative-stress-induced hippocampus neuron apoptosis.

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Nephroprotective effect of methanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i3.44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 1382-1396

Author(s):

Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde ◽

Olusegun Oduwole ◽

Fadeyemi Joseph Akinrinmade ◽

Folusho Bolawaye Bolaji-Alabi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Low Dose ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Control Group ◽

Left Renal Artery ◽

High Dose ◽

Group B

Background: Moringa oleifera is known to exhibit protection against oxidative damage due to its rich content of compounds with antioxidant activity. This study investigated the protective effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods: Forty two wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups of seven rats each, as follows: A, control group; B, sham-operated group; C, IR group; D, IR + low dose (200 mg/kg) MO; E, IR + high dose (400 mg/kg) MO and F, IR + Vitamin C (200 mg/kg). Unilateral ischaemia was induced by occluding the left renal artery for 45 minutes followed by rep- erfusion up to 24 hours. Results: Moringa oleifera significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated IR-induced increases in malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbon- yls (PC) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), while also decreasing serum BUN and Creatinine levels. More- over, the low dose of MO caused reductions in renal NO and H2O2 levels, while increasing renal GPx and GST activities. Histopathology revealed marked improvement of tissue alterations induced by IR with both doses of MO. Conclusion: Overall, the methanol extract of M. oleifera effectively attenuated the deleterious effects of renal IR via allevi- ation of tissue oxidative stress. Keywords: Oxidative stress; ischaemia-reperfusion; Moringa oleifera; kidneys; antioxidants.

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Effects of aqueous extract of polyherbal formulation against hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin in a rat model

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v5i12.506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 2876-2887 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sahar B. Ahmed ◽

Asmaa M. Moghazy ◽

Omar A. Ahmed-Farid ◽

Hassan A. Esebery

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Low Dose ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

The Body ◽

Male Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers

Background: Hyperthyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland secretes more thyroid hormone than the body needs. Thyroid hormone is essential for the normal growth and development of normal organs. Polyherb (POH) formulation has proven to be useful in number of diseases and has been used in folk medicine as an anti-hyperthyroidism, anti-oxidant, and appetitestimulating agent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the curative effect of POH against L-thyroxin (LT4)-induced hyperthyroidism in male rats. Methods: Seven groups (10 rats each) were used for this purpose. Determination of phytochemical analysis, oxidative stress markers, brain appetite marker and cell energy marker were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. Thyroid hormones were detected via ELISA, and liver functions were determined by colorimetric method. Results: The data showed that LT4 altered thyroid function via decreasing serum Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), serum total protein, albumin and globulin, while increasing Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Moreover, oxidative stress markers in liver tissues were increased, via up-regulation of nitric oxide (NO), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Meanwhile, glutathione (GSH) and ATP were alleviated; in contrast, metabolites of ADP and AMP were elevated. Neuronal appetite marker in brain tissue was decreased via low serotonin levels. On the other hand, rat groups treated with POH and Carbimazole (CBZ) showed markedly amelioration of hyperthyroidism in rats at low dose only but did not show complete amelioration at high dose of POH. The data were confirmed through histopathological examination of the thyroid. Conclusion: The data obtained demonstrated that POH, at low dose, can be very effective for completely treating hyperthyroidism in rats, and was safer than Carbimazole (CBZ) and ameliorated most signaling pathways and in different tissues.

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Effects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Tang Luo Ning on Intestinal Flora and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3452625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Xiaoyi Wei ◽

Wenjing Zong ◽

Yanbin Gao ◽

Siyang Peng ◽

Ke Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Low Dose ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Normal Group ◽

Total Serum ◽

High Dose ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Model Group

Objective. To determine the effects of TLN on glycolipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and intestinal flora in diabetic rat. Materials and Methods. Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (180–200 g) were divided into two groups. The normal group was fed a standard-chow diet, whereas, in the model group, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat sucrose diet. Then, the model group was randomly allocated to four groups: DM (diabetes model) and TLNH (TLN high dose), TLNL (TLN low dose), and NAC (N-acetylcysteine). Rats in the TLNH, TLNL, and NAC groups were intragastrically administered TLN and NAC for 12 weeks. Subsequently, their weights, fasting glucose levels, serum lipids, serum insulin, serum ROS, and intestinal flora were determined. Results. The weight and intestinal flora abundance of the DM group were significantly lower than those of the normal group, whereas their total serum cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum reactive oxygen species (ROS), and serum insulin (INS) levels were significantly higher than those of the normal group. TC and LDL-C levels in the TLNL group and DM group were similar, whereas FBG, INS, and ROS levels in the TLNL group were obviously lower than those in the DM group. Compared with the DM group, there was a significant increase in intestinal flora abundance in the TLNL group. At the phylum level, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (core microbiota) varied in all groups. However, in the DM group, Firmicutes abundance decreased, whereas that of Bacteroidetes increased. An opposite trend was observed in the TLN-treated groups. Conclusions. TLN, which showed a dose-dependent therapeutic effect, can effectively decrease serum lipid, serum insulin, blood glucose, and serum ROS levels. It can also rebalance the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, the low-dose TLN treatment was most efficacious.

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Establishment of a Mouse Asthenospermia Model through Triggering DGalactose Mediated Oxidative Stress Injury

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320666201116111142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Nanjun Liu ◽

Qianxing Wang ◽

Lin Li ◽

Jian Lu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Dose Group ◽

Low Dose ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Stress Injury ◽

Feed Addition ◽

Motility Rate

Background: Asthenospermia is defined as forward motility of sperm less than 32%. Aim/Objective: This study aimed to establish mouse model of asthenospermia through triggering D-galactose mediated oxidative stress. Materials and methods: Total of 40 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into control group, low-dose group (administrating D-galactose at 60 mg/kg), high-dose group (administrating D-galactose at 120 mg/kg) and high-dose+feed addition group (administrating D-galactose at 120 mg/kg together with oral D-galactose). The testicular weight, testicular organ coefficient, sperm viability, sperm concentration and survival rate of tail of epididymis were measured. Oxidative damage of D-galactose to reproductive system of mice was evaluated by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in testicular homogenate of mice. Findings: The sperm motility, motility rate, concentration and survival rate of low-dose, high-dose and high-dose+feed addition group were decreased, compared to that in control group. However, there were significant difference between highdose group/high dose+feed group and control group (p<0.05). The forward motile sperm motility rate and total motility rate accorded with critical criteria of asthenospermia. Comparing with the control group, activity of SOD of model group mice significantly decreased, and MDA concentration significantly increased (p<0.05), excepting for low-dose versus control group for SOD activity. This suggests that testicular tissues suffered from oxidative damage. Conclusions: This study successfully established a mouse asthenospermia model through D-galactose mediated oxidative stress injury. The establishment of asthenospermia model in this study would provide a new promising insight and act as a potential approach for studying asthenospermia in vivo levels.

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