scholarly journals Lycopene supplementation attenuated xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase activities in skeletal muscle tissues of rats after exhaustive exercise

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Chung Liu ◽  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
Wan-Teng Lin ◽  
Chin-Cheng Hsieh ◽  
Shih-Yi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Significant Difference

Strenuous exercise is known to induce oxidative stress leading to the generation of free radicals. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of lycopene, an antioxidant nutrient, at a relatively low dose (2·6 mg/kg per d) and a relatively high dose (7·8 mg/kg per d) on the antioxidant status of blood and skeletal muscle tissues in rats after exhaustive exercise. Rats were divided into six groups: sedentary control (C); sedentary control with low-dose lycopene (CLL); sedentary control with high-dose lycopene (CHL); exhaustive exercise (E); exhaustive exercise with low-dose lycopene (ELL); exhaustive exercise with high-dose lycopene (EHL). After 30 d, the rats in the three C groups were killed without exercise, but the rats in the three E groups were killed immediately after an exhaustive running test on a motorised treadmill. The results showed that xanthine oxidase (XO) activities of plasma and muscle, and muscular myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in group E were significantly increased compared with group C. Compared with group E, the elevations of XO and MPO activities of muscle were significantly decreased in group EHL. The malondialdehyde concentrations of plasma and tissues in group E were significantly increased by 72 and 114 %, respectively, compared with those in group C. However, this phenomenon was prevented in rats of the ELL and EHL groups. There was no significant difference in the GSH concentrations of erythrocytes in each group; however, exhaustive exercise resulted in a significant decrease in the GSH content of muscle. In conclusion, these results suggested that lycopene protected muscle tissue from oxidative stress after exhaustive exercise.

Superoxide dismutase derivative reduces oxidative damage in skeletal muscle of rats during exhaustive exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Radak ◽  
K. Asano ◽  
M. Inoue ◽  
T. Kizaki ◽  
S. Oh-Ishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Exercise Induced

A superoxide dismutase derivative (SM-SOD) that circulates and is bound to albumin with a half-life of 6 h was injected intraperitoneally into rats before exhaustive treadmill running to study its antioxidant scavenging capacity in the plasma and soleus and tibialis muscles. The exercise induced a marked increase in xanthine oxidase activity in plasma and an increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the plasma as well as in the soleus and tibialis muscles of nonadministered rats immediately after the exercise. The immunoreactive content and activity of both SOD isoenzymes (Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) of the nonadministered rats increased in the soleus and tibialis muscles immediately after running. SM-SOD treatment definitely attenuated the degree of the increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and xanthine oxidase in all samples examined immediately after exercise. Glutathione peroxidase activity significantly increased in the soleus muscle of nonadministered rats 1 day after running, whereas catalase activity remained unchanged throughout the experimental period. These results suggest that a single bout of exhaustive exercise induces oxidative stress in skeletal muscle of rats and that this oxidative stress can be attenuated by exogenous SM-SOD.

scholarly journals Effect of Acacia Polyphenol Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mice Liver and Skeletal Muscle

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Yada ◽  
Llion Arwyn Roberts ◽  
Natsumi Oginome ◽  
Katsuhiko Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Protein ◽  
Exercise Induced

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acacia polyphenol (AP) supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver and skeletal muscle. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver and skeletal muscle levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and levels of skeletal muscle protein carbonyls increased immediately after exhaustive exercise. Exhaustive exercise also decreased liver glutathione (GSH). These results suggest that the exhaustive exercise used in this study induced tissue damage and oxidative stress. Contrary to our expectations, AP supplementation increased plasma AST and alanine aminotransferase activities, liver levels of TBARS, and protein carbonyls. Furthermore, AP supplementation decreased glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. On the other hand, AP supplementation decreased TBARS levels in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that oral high-dose AP administration decreased oxidative stress in skeletal muscle but induced oxidative stress in the liver and increased hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals L-Arginine attenuates xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase activities in hearts of rats during exhaustive exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Teng Lin ◽  
Suh-Ching Yang ◽  
Shiow-Chwen Tsai ◽  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
Ning-Yuean Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Membrane Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Final Speed

The present study was to investigate the effects of l-arginine (l-Arg) supplementation on cardiac oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in rats following acute exhaustive exercise on a treadmill. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC); SC with l-Arg treatment (SC+Arg); exhaustive exercise (E); exhaustive exercise with l-Arg treatment (E+Arg). Rats in groups SC+Arg and E+Arg received a 2% l-Arg diet. Rats in groups E and E+Arg performed an exhaustive running test on a treadmill at a final speed of 30m/min, 10% grade, at approximately 70–75% VO2max. The results showed a significant increase in cardiac xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase activities and membrane lipid peroxidation endproduct (malondialdehyde; MDA) levels of exercised rats compared with SC rats. The increased cardiac XO activity and MDA levels in exercised rats were significantly decreased in exercised rats supplemented with l-Arg. Myocardial GSSG content increased whereas the GSH:GSSG ratio was depressed in exercised rats compared with SC rats. Cardiac GSSG levels significantly decreased, whereas total glutathione, GSH and the GSH:GSSG ratio increased in exercised rats supplemented with l-Arg compared with exercised rats. The activities of creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lactate, uric acid, and nitrite and nitrate levels in the plasma significantly increased in exercised rats compared with SC rats. The activities of plasma CK and LDH were significantly decreased in l-Arg-supplemented plus exercised rats compared with exercised rats. These findings suggest that l-Arg supplementation reduces the oxidative damage and inflammatory response on the myocardium caused by exhaustive exercise in rats.

scholarly journals SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF COMBINATION ETHANOL EXTRACT OF DETAM 1 SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERR) AND JATI BELANDA (GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA LAMK) TOWARD FUNCTION, WEIGHT, AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL OF WISTAR RAT LIVER

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Meilinah Hidayat ◽  
Sijani Prahastuti ◽  
Estherolita Dewi ◽  
Dewi Safitri ◽  
Siti Farah Rahmawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjective: As an antiobesity therapy, combination extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati Belanda will be consumed for a long time; therefore, theirtoxicities to the liver need to be investigated. To determine the effect of subchronic toxicity test of combination of ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean(EEDS) and ethanol extract of Jati Belanda (EEJB) on liver function with parameters: Alanine transaminase (ALT), macroscopic, and histopathologicalof liver.Methods: This study was conducted on 120 Wistar rats (60 males and 60 females), 90 days (treatment group) and 120 days (satellite group). Ratswere divided into six treatment groups (3 test materials, 1 control, and 2 satellites); each group included 10 males and 10 females.Results: ALT levels of treatment groups (low dose, medium, and high), both males and females were lower than the control group (p<0.05). Thetreatment groups demonstrated a good effects effect on liver function. Liver weight of all groups showed no significant difference compared with thecontrol group (p>0.05). Results of histopathological score interpretation of male and female liver rats of low dose groups were not disturbed; middledose groups were slightly disturbed and high dose groups were damaged. Satellite high doses of male groups were disrupted, while female groupswere not.Conclusion: The combination of EEDS and EEJB has a good effect on liver function, did not lead to change organ weight and at low doses did not causerenal histopathology damage in rats after 90 days administration.Keywords: Combination of soybean Jati Belanda, Toxicity subchronic test, Function, Weight, Histopathology, Liver.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Valganciclovir 900mg Versus 450mg for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Renal Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xin ◽  
Yang Hui ◽  
Zhang Xiaodong ◽  
Cui Xiangli ◽  
Wang Shihui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Allograft Loss ◽  
Cmv Disease

Objectives: Valganciclovir 900 mg/day is approved for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis, but 450 mg/day is seems also effective. We systematically reviewed the efficacy and safety of low-dose versus high-dose valganciclovir prophylaxis in renal transplantation recipients. Methods: An electronic search was conducted up to November 29, 2016. The primary outcomes were incidences of CMV, CMV disease, mortality and opportunistic infection. The second outcomes were acute rejection, allograft loss, adverse drug reaction (ADR). Results: 7 cohort studies, all with high quality involving (1431 patients) were included. There was no significant difference of the incidence of following CMV disease (1271 patients, odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-1.43, p=0.36), acute rejection (1343 patients, OR 0.77, 95%CI 0.53-1.14, p=0.19), allograft loss (1271 patients, OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.31-1.35, p=0.24), mortality (1271 patients, OR 0.55, 95%CI 0.20-1.47, p=0.23) and opportunistic infections (OI) (985 patients, OR 0.76, 95%CI 0.52-1.10, p=0.14) between the low-dose and the high-dose valganciclovir  prophylaxis. And no significant difference was observed for premature valganciclovir discontinuation (1010 patients, OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.52-1.25, p=0.33) and the incidence of leukopenia (1082 patients, OR 0.65, 95%CI 0.34-1.22, p=0.18) between the two regimens. Conclusion: 450 mg and 900 mg doses of valganciclovir are equipotent for CMV universal prophylaxis. CMV 450 mg prophylaxis should be used for renal transplant recipients. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals A clinical comparison of high dose and low dose of Suxamethonium

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
RK Yadav ◽  
PC Majhi ◽  
D Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Suxamethonium having its rapid onset and short duration of action makes this drug unique amongst the neuromuscular blocking drugs described so far. However, use of suxamethonium is associated with a large number of undesirable side effects. Objective: To evaluate clinical effects of high and low dose of suxamethonium and to determine whether lower dose of suxamethonium can be used for any beneficial effects in terms of its various adverse effects e.g. cardiovascular responses, post-operative muscle pains and intraocular pressure. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in this prospective study. All these patients on preoperative clinical evaluation were assessed to have adequate airway. All the patients were divided in two groups, low dose group (group I) and High dose group (group II) with 50 patients in each at random. A standard anesthetic technique was adhered to all the patients and following parameters were observed on comparative basis: a. Fasciculation and post operative myalgia. b. Cardiovascular effects, c. Intraocular pressure. Observation: The incidence of post Suxamethonium pain was significantly greater in group II. Increase in heart rate from baseline was significant in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the diastolic pressure but rise in systolic blood pressure was significant at all assessment times in both groups. This rise from control was statistically significant. Conclusion: Suxamethonium can be used in lower doses (0.5 mg/kg) in elective cases without airway compromise. It gives benefits of reduced muscle pains, cardiovascular responses and intraocular hypertension. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-2, 1-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i2.9677

scholarly journals Low-dose grape pomace and omija fruit extract is more effective than high-dose in lowering oxidative stress and fat-pad mass in db/db mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1709-1714
Author(s):  
Su-Jung Cho ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Ji-Young Choi ◽  
Eun-Young Kwon ◽  
Ye Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Fruit Extract

Ferulic Acid Dose Effect on Pharmacokinetics of Glimepiride and its Metabolite Hydroxy Glimepiride in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxian Lin ◽  
Faxin Sun ◽  
Jinlai Liu ◽  
Qinghua Weng ◽  
Lijun Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
High Dose Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: To mitigate diabetes and its complications in cardiovascular diseases, the antidiabetic agent glimepiride is usually administered with ferulic acid concomitantly in clinics. However, both drugs are prone to be metabolized partly by CYP2C9, thus they have the potential drug-drug interaction affecting the safety and efficacy. Objective: This project aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) effects of ferulic acid (FA) on glimepiride (GLM) and its metabolite hydroxy glimepiride (OH-GLM) in plasma by using the HPLC-MS/MS method. Methods: Healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups. They received intragastric administration of 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), low-dose FA (20 mg•kg-1), and high-dose FA (40 mg•kg-1) for 8 days, respectively. Rats were given 0.5% sodium CMC or FA on the last day and then uniformly given 1.0 mg•kg-1 glimepiride by gavage. Blood samples were obtained from retro-orbital plexus at the time points of 0.167, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h after administration. Plasma samples were analyzed for GLM and its metabolite OH-GLM on an HPLC-MS/MS system. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in the effect of low-dose FA on the pharmacokinetics of GLM. High-dose FA significantly decreased Cmax of GLM by 30.05% and CLz/F of OH-GLM by 47.45%. It also increased Tmax and t1/2z of GLM by 95.87% and 140.00%. Conclusion: Low-dose FA did not alter GLM metabolism, while high-dose treatment of FA caused pharmacokinetics interaction with GLM in rats.

scholarly journals Enhanced intestinal 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose uptake under metformin is not fully suppressed by loperamide

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Tomomi Nobashi ◽  
Tsuneo Saga ◽  
Yuji Nakamoto ◽  
Yoichi Shimizu ◽  
Sho Koyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjective. This study investigated whether the metformin (Met)-induced enhanced intestinal uptake of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) is reduced by loperamide, a long-acting anti-diarrheal agent. Methods. Mean18F-FDG uptake in the mouse small intestine and colon with Met exposure was compared with that in control mice. In the Met group, high-dose (1.0 mg/kg body weight) and low-dose (0.1 mg/kg body weight) loperamide were introduced, and18F-FDG uptake in the small intestine and colon was compared with that of control mice administered high-dose loperamide. The percent injected dose of18F-FDG per gram of tissue (%ID/g) in the extracted tissues was then determined. Results.18F-FDG uptake increased significantly in the small intestine (0.64±0.06 vs. 1.01±0.15, p=0.040) and, especially, the colon (0.46±0.13 vs. 2.16±0.51, p<0.001) after Met exposure. Neither high-dose nor low-dose loperamide significantly reduced18F-FDG uptake in the small intestine (0.82±0.31 vs. 0.84±0.22, p=0.93 and 0.78±0.25 vs. 0.70±0.15, p=0.13, respectively) or colon (2.13±0.41 vs. 1.67±0.55, p=0.063 and 1.77±0.39 vs. 1.80±0.25, p=0.56, respectively). The colonic %ID/g was significantly higher in Met groups irrespective of loperamide introduction than in control group, whereas the significant difference in the small intestine was observed only between Met and control groups. Conclusion. Metformin increased18F-FDG uptake in intestines especially in colon. Loperamide administration partially, but not sufficiently, suppresses the Met-induced increased colonic uptake of18F-FDG.

Outcome of Patients (pts) Treated for Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (s AML) After Azacitidine (AZA) Failure

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 443-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Prebet ◽  
Steven D. Gore ◽  
Benjamin Esterni ◽  
Raphael Itzykson ◽  
Sylvain Thepot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Published Data ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Cycles

Abstract Abstract 443 Background: AZA is the current standard of care for IPSS int-2 and high (“higher”) risk MDS. However, most pts will experience primary or secondary treatment failure. To date, there is no published data on the outcome of those pts. Design: 565 patients from 4 independent cohorts, who had not responded to or relapsed after response to AZA, were included. The datasets included 3 prospective trials (AZA001 (n=138; Lancet Onc, 2009), J9950 (n=26; Cancer Res 2006), J0443 (n=32; NCT00101179) trials) and data from the French ATU compassionate use program (n=369). Two cohorts administered AZA as single agent (AZA001 and French ATU) while two combined AZA with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (J9950, sodium phenylbutyrate; J0443, entinostat). 339 patients had no clinical response to AZA while 226 relapsed after initial response. The influence of pre treatment variables and salvage treatment options on the outcome after AZA failure was analyzed. Survival was measured from the date of failure of AZA. Results: The cohort included 475 MDS (including 117 RAEB-T) and 90 sAML (AML secondary to MDS). Median age was 69 years and the median number of cycles of AZA before failure was 6 (range [1-41]). Patients were randomly assigned to one learning (n=377) and one validation (n=188) set stratified on the number of deaths. There was no difference in the baseline characteristics of the 2 sets. With a median follow-up of 15 months after AZA failure, the median overall survival (OS) was 6 months and the 2-year probability of OS was 15%. The multivariate model constructed with the learning set showed that age (HR 1.02/y, 95%CI [1.01-1.03], p=0.002), sex (female 7 months vs male 5.6 months HR 1.3 [1.01-1.67] p=0.04), cytogenetics (favorable 8 months vs intermediate 5.9 months HR 1.49 [1.06-2.08] p=0.02, vs high risk 4.6 months HR 2.19 [1.63-2.91] p<0.001), bone marrow blast % before AZA (below 10% 7.8 months vs 10 to 20% 5.8 months HR 1.34 [0.97-1.84] p=0.07, vs 21%+ 4.3 months HR 1.92 [1.36-2.7] p<0.001), and the number of cycles of AZA (6 or less 4.7 months vs more 7.2 months HR 0.69 [0.54-0.9] p=0.005) were significantly associated with survival. Initial response to AZA was significant in univariate analysis (non responders 4.7 m vs 7.3 m in responders, p=0.02) but did not retain significance in the multivariate model. These results were confirmed with the validation set. Data on the treatment administered after AZA failure were available for 350 patients. Allogeneic transplantation (n= 50) (median OS 18.3 months, range [3-55+]) and investigational therapies (n= 56, including epigenetic drugs, IMIDs, and non registered compounds; median OS 13.2 months, range [1-36+]) were associated with significantly better survival than palliative care (median OS 3.3 months) or conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy (median OS 7.6 months, including AML like induction chemo and low dose chemo such as cytarabine or 6-MP). Conclusions: Outcome of patients with AZA failure was poor, although pts receiving allo SCT or investigational treatments had a somewhat better outcome. This work highlights the potential predictors of outcome and defined the baseline survival data that will help in the design of second line trials in higher risk MDS having failed treatment with AZA. *: Overall response rate for each treatment group is presented with the number of patients evaluable for response in each cohort. For the CT group, response rate for low dose chemotherapy and high dose (AML like, marked with **) chemo have been individualized. Univariate analysis (log-rank test) showed significant difference between PC and CT (p=0.002), IT (p<0.001) or ASCT (p<0.001). There was also significant differences between CT and IT (p=0.004) or ASCT(p=0.001). Difference between IT and ASCT reached borderline significance (p=0.053). Disclosures: Gore: Celgene: Research Funding, Stock options. Beach:Celgene: Employment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document