scholarly journals Geogenic and anthropogenic interactions at a former Sb mine: environmental impacts of As and Sb

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 3911-3924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Mbadugha ◽  
Duncan Cowper ◽  
Sapar Dossanov ◽  
Graeme I. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Geochemical Processes ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Derelict Mine ◽  
Historic Mining ◽  
Spoil Heaps

Abstract Mining activities are acknowledged to introduce contaminants into localised environments and cause wider spread diffuse pollution. The concentration, distribution and fate of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) were studied at the former metalliferous Louisa Mine at Glendinning, Scotland. Soils and surface water were sampled and subsequently analysed to map the distribution of contamination and identify pollution sources. The maximum concentrations of As and Sb of 15,490 and 1504.2 mg kg−1, respectively, were determined in soils associated with the ore processing area and spoil heaps. The fractions of dissolved As and Sb in soils were < 1 and < 5% of total soil content, respectively, confirming findings of previous studies that As and Sb are relatively immobile. Yet, the concentrations of As and Sb released by soils exceeded regulatory limits. Concentrations of As and Sb in surface water in the immediate vicinity of the mine were impacted by a gully discharge, but rapidly diluted. While the concentrations affected by the run-off waters did not exceed EU environmental standards for freshwater, the concentrations of both, As and Sb, sharply increased above the said environmental standards approximately 100 m downstream of the mine site. The unaltered As-to-Sb ratio in water samples suggests a geogenic source. While there is a justifiable concern about the soil pollution caused by the historic mining in the area, the Glenshanna Burn is affected more by indigenous geochemical processes than the derelict mine.

Antimony and arsenic distribution and impacts at a derelict antimony mine in Scotland 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Mbadugha ◽  
Duncan Cowper ◽  
Sapar Dossanov ◽  
Graeme Paton
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Arsenic Distribution ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Derelict Mine ◽  
Historic Mining ◽  
The Uk

&lt;p&gt;Mining activities are acknowledged to introduce contaminants into localised environments and cause wider spread diffuse pollution. The concentration, distribution and fate of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) were studied at the former metalliferous Louisa Mine at Glendinning, Scotland. The associated deposit is one of very few able to produce Sb in the UK and was mined for three brief periods between 1793 and 1922. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The remnants of the mine consist of the ore processing area and two spoils. Soils withing these zones as well as around the mine were sampled and complemented by water samples from the adjacent stream, the Glennshanna Burn. All samples were subsequently analysed to map the distribution of contamination and identify pollution sources. The maximum concentrations of As and Sb, 15490 and 1504.2 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt; respectively, were determined in soils associated with the ore processing area and spoil heaps. Anthropogenic activities also redistributed As and Sb within these mine zones and altered their relative ratios. The fractions of dissolved As and Sb in soils were &lt; 1 and &lt; 5% of total soil content, respectively, confirming findings of previous studies that As and Sb are relatively immobile. Yet, the concentrations of As and Sb released by soils exceeded regulatory limits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Concentrations of As and Sb in surface water in the immediate vicinity of the mine were impacted by a gully discharge, but rapidly diluted. While the concentrations affected by the run-off waters did not exceed EU environmental standards for freshwater, the concentrations of As and Sb sharply increased to 11.43 &amp;#177; 3.43 and 9.28 &amp;#177; 0.59 &amp;#956;g l&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively, approximately 100 m downstream of the mine site. The unaltered As to Sb ratios in water samples suggested a geogenic source of contamination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While there is a justifiable concern about the soil pollution caused by the historic mining in the studied area, the Glenshanna Burn is affected more by indigenous geochemical processes than the derelict mine.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative reconstruction of surface water characteristics and recent hydrographic changes in the Trondheimsfjord, central Norway

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4553-4598 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Milzer ◽  
J. Giraudeau ◽  
S. Schmidt ◽  
F. Eynaud ◽  
J. Faust
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
210Pb And 137Cs ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In the present study we investigate dinocyst assemblages in the Trondheimsfjord over the last 25 to 50 yr from three well-dated multi-cores (210Pb and 137Cs) retrieved along the fjord axis. The downcore distribution of the cysts is discussed in view of changes of the key surface water parameters sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea-surface salinities (SSSs) monitored in the fjord, as well as river discharges. We examine the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern and of waste water supply from the local industry and agriculture on the fjord ecological state and hence dinocyst species diversity. Our results show that dinocyst production and diversity in the fjord is not evidently affected by human-induced eutrophication. Instead the assemblages appear to be mainly controlled by the NAO-related changes in physico-chemical characteristics of the surface mixed layer. Still, discharges of major rivers were modulated, since 1985 by the implementation of hydropower plants which certainly influences the freshwater and nutrient supply into the fjord. The impact, however, is variable according to the local geographical setting, and barely differentiated from natural changes in river run off. We ultimately test the use of the modern analogue technique (MAT) for the reconstruction of winter and summer SSTs and SSSs and annual primary productivity (PP) in this particular fjord setting. The reconstructed data are compared with time-series of SSTs and SSSs measured at 10 m water depth, as well as with mean annual PPs along the Norwegian coast and within Scandinavian fjords. The reconstructions are in general good agreement with the instrumental measurements and observations from other fjords. Major deviations can be addressed to peculiarities in the assemblages linked to the particular fjord setting and the related hydrological structure.

Remediation of PCB-containing sediments using surface water diversion “dry excavation”: a case study

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Praeger ◽  
Stuart D. Messur ◽  
Richard P. DiFiore
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Sediment Removal ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Many ◽  
Groundwater Infiltration

Remediation of contaminated sediments presents an on-going challenge in the efforts toward improved water quality and environmental restoration. Faced with this challenge, Mercury Marine recently selected a remedial alternative that included diverting creek flow and removing approximately 5,900 in-situ cubic meters of sediments containing PCBs from an impoundment in Cedar Creek. The regulatory objective was to remove all sediment containing PCBs “to the extent practicable” from an 180-meter stretch of the impoundment. A remedial investigation was conducted to collect the data necessary to characterize the site and prepare a remedial design. Technical issues involved with dry excavation that were critical to implementing this alternative included: channel diversion, sediment characterization, pond dewatering, wastewater treatment, groundwater infiltration, surface water run-off, and sediment removal, handling and disposal. Mercury Marine and its engineering staff found sediment removal by dry excavation to be a labor intensive and costly means of remediating the PCB-affected sediments at this site. Before implementing dry excavation at any site, owners, consultants, and regulatory agencies must realize the many limitations of this alternative and give special consideration to site conditions, engineering, and planning.

scholarly journals Impact of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications on Surface Water Nitrate Levels within a Kenyan Tea Plantation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Maghanga ◽  
J. L. Kituyi ◽  
P. O. Kisinyo ◽  
W. K. Ng’etich
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tea Production

Tea production in the Kenyan Rift Valley uses high rates of nitrogenous fertilizer. Nitrates can be discharged to water bodies through leaching and surface run-off. Nitrate levels above 10 mg/LNO3-–N cause methemoglobinemia which is fatal. A study to monitor changes in surface water nitrate levels was carried out in ten rivers within a Kenyan tea plantation for three years. Water samples were obtained before and after fertilizer application in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-–N) was determined colorimetrically by the cadmium reduction method using HACH-DR 2400 dataloging spectrophotometer. For the three years, the highest nitrate-nitrogen levels were in river Temochewa in 2005 during the first fertilizer applications (4.9 mg/L to 8.2 mg/L). There was no established trend between surface water nitrate levels and the time of fertilizer applications; however, fertilizer application contributed to an increase in nitrate levels. The initial nitrate-nitrogen levels in most of the rivers were high, indicating that contamination could have been upstream; hence, further research is required to establish this. Nitrogen-nitrogen levels in the three years were below the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/LNO3-–N; however, the rivers should be monitored frequently.

scholarly journals Identification of groundwater origin using environmental isotopes (18O and 2H) in the upper catchment of Ikopa, district Antananarivo

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
J.R. Randriantsivery ◽  
J. Rajaobelison ◽  
V. Ramaroson ◽  
N. Rabesiranana ◽  
L. P. Fareze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Isotopes ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Groundwater Origin ◽  
Run Off

The upper catchment of Ikopa has great potential for surface or sub-surface water resources. The Ikopa River plays an important role in the water supply of the plain of Antananarivo. Knowing that surface water is abundant but exposed to the high risk of pollution, and groundwater remains less exploited because of the insufficiency of the study concerning the recharge and the sources of their mineralization. The objective of this research is to use the isotope method to characterize groundwater to determine their origin and recharge process. The results of chemical analysis show three different facies type of groundwater which dominated by the sodium, nitrate and chloride ions. The isotopic compositions of the waters sampled vary respectively from -7.25‰ to 5-.09‰ for δ18O and from -46.9‰ to -24.7‰ for  δ2H. water form the lakes are more enriched compared to those rivers and groundwater. The diagram δ18O- δ2H shows that groundwater is recharged from local rainwater but undergoes low evaporation before infiltration. However, the results obtained from the parameters measured in situ show that a lateral recharge of groundwater from the streams feeds the neighboring aquifers. Lakes are fed by run-off during the rainy season.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENTS IN WASTEWATER FROM COLLIERY SPOIL HEAPS OF NOVOVOLYNSK MINING AREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Bosak Pavlo, ◽  
◽  
Popovych Vasyl, ◽  
Stepova Kateryna, ◽  
Marutyak Sofia, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Spoil Heaps

Surface run-off is water from rain and snowmelt flowing from the territory of industrial enterprises. The part of surface run-off in the total volume of discharged wastewater from the coal industry is 2%. Their volume depends on the amount of rain and melt water, as well as the size of the sites of industrial enterprises. The objects of surface run-off contaminants in the Novovolynsk mining area are: outdoor coal and concentrate storages, colliery spoil heaps, sludge and tailings, crushing compartments, storages fuels and lubricants, points of railway cars loading and unloading, cable cars, boiler installations, etc. On the territory of the Novovolynsk mining area besides the wastewater a huge amount of mining waste is formed. It is stored on flat heaps, adjacent to the area. Coal also accumulates on flat dumps. The surface run-off from the area of the flat heaps may contain chemical compounds. Surface water from the mine area is not purified, although in terms of quality, it is highly polluted. During investigation period the Novovolynsk mining area the storm run-off from their territory contained more than 15,000 mg / ml of suspended substances and up to 500 mg / ml of petroleum products [4]. Spoil heaps are the main sources of surface run-off contamination by suspended solids, mineral salts and heavy metal ions. Thus, the amount of suspended solids in rainwater reaches 12000 mg / l and in meltwater - up to 50,000 mg / l, the total salt content reaches 8000 mg / l. The maximum amount of iron is more than 7550 mg / l. It is found in the meltwater from the spoil heaps of almost all mines in the Novovolynsk mining area. The composition and concentration of pollutants in coal storage water runoff doesn't differ too much from the spoil heaps water run-off. An extremely important factor of man-made impact on the sanitary status of natural water bodies is the pollution of the water-intake areas around coal and mining enterprises by chemical elements, especially during polymetallic ores development [2].

scholarly journals Modelling microbial pollutant loads associated with surface water run-off in water supply catchments

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Anthony Miller ◽  
Melanie Roberts ◽  
Brooke Swaffer ◽  
Graeme Hocking ◽  
Bill Whiten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Run Off

scholarly journals A brief warming event in the late Albian: evidence from calcareous nannofossils, macrofossils, and isotope geochemistry of the Gault Clay Formation, Folkestone, southeastern England

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Kanungo ◽  
Paul R. Bown ◽  
Jeremy R. Young ◽  
Andrew S. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Oxygen Stable Isotope ◽  
Clay Formation ◽  
Sediment Carbon

Abstract. This paper documents a warming event across the middle–upper Albian interval in a ∼ 22 m long section from the Gault Clay Formation of Copt Point, Folkestone (UK). Evidence for the event comes from three independent datasets: calcareous nannofossils, ammonites, and the bulk sediment carbon and oxygen stable isotope record, which collectively indicate a brief period (∼ 500 kyr) of significant surface water warming (in excess of 6 ∘C) at around 107.5 Ma (the base of the Dipoloceras cristatum Ammonite Zone). A surface water productivity increase based on high percentages of the eutrophic nannofossil Zeugrhabdotus noeliae is found to be concomitant with this warming event, suggesting that surface waters were nutrient-rich and the warming was associated with increased precipitation and run-off, delivering more nutrients into the basin.

Pesticide contamination of water resources: a case study - the rivers in the Paris region

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Tisseau ◽  
N. Fauchon ◽  
J. Cavard ◽  
T. Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Pesticide Contamination ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
Three Rivers ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

For a number of years, the Compagnie Générale des Eaux has been studying pesticide contamination of surface water in order to better understand the origins and the main transfer mechanisms of these pollutants into water resources. Sampling campaigns are being carried out on the three main rivers of the Paris area to monitor a number of products from the triazine and urea families. This monitoring has confirmed the extension of agricultural non-point source pollution. The products being sought are present in the three rivers and, in most cases, in significant concentrations. Atrazine is the most important contaminant. Measured concentrations exceed the value of 100 ng/l most of the time, thus proving that the aquifers drained by the three rivers are contaminated. For a period of several months every year, concentrations approaching 1000 ng/l are observed in all the catchment areas being studied. These are the result of rapid transfers of atrazine in run-off water. This surface run-off transfer mode also seems to be applicable to the ureas found in surface water, especially during the periods when the products are used to treat crops. These works underline the complexity of agricultural non-point source pollution phenomena. They permit the identification of the predominant mechanisms operating in the transfer of the products. This is the first step towards setting up preventive measures and developing pollution forecasting tools.

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