Identification of genetic diversity among Juglans regia L. genotypes using molecular, morphological, and fatty acid data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Yildiz ◽  
Hasan Pinar ◽  
Aydın Uzun ◽  
Mehmet Yaman ◽  
Ahmet Sumbul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Fatty Acid Data

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Among Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes by SSR Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6830
Author(s):  
Murat Guney ◽  
Salih Kafkas ◽  
Hakan Keles ◽  
Mozhgan Zarifikhosroshahi ◽  
Muhammet Ali Gundesli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Principal Coordinates

The food needs for increasing population, climatic changes, urbanization and industrialization, along with the destruction of forests, are the main challenges of modern life. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate plant genetic resources in order to cope with these problems. Therefore, in this study, a set of ninety-one walnut (Juglans regia L.) accessions from Central Anatolia region, composed of seventy-four accessions and eight commercial cultivars from Turkey, and nine international reference cultivars, was analyzed using 45 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers to reveal the genetic diversity. SSR analysis identified 390 alleles for 91 accessions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 19 alleles with a mean value of 9 alleles per locus. Genetic dissimilarity coefficients ranged from 0.03 to 0.68. The highest number of alleles was obtained from CUJRA212 locus (Na = 19). The values of polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.42 (JRHR222528) to 0.86 (CUJRA212) with a mean PIC value of 0.68. Genetic distances were estimated according to the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average), Principal Coordinates (PCoA), and the Structure-based clustering. The UPGMA and Structure clustering of the accessions depicted five major clusters supporting the PCoA results. The dendrogram revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the accessions by identifying five major clusters. Based on this study, SSR analyses indicate that Yozgat province has an important genetic diversity pool and rich genetic variance of walnuts.

Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrad R Prasifka ◽  
Beth Ferguson ◽  
James V Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Fatty Acid Data ◽  
Smicronyx Fulvus ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Abstract The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional (<25% oleic acid), mid-oleic (55–75%), or high oleic (>80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed sunflowers rather than wild Helianthus spp. and confection (non-oil) types. Oleic acid (%) in S. fulvus confirmed the fatty acid compositions of mature larvae and weevil adults reflected their diets, making primary (oleic or linoleic) fatty acids feasible as natural markers for this crop-insect combination. Oleic acid in wild S. fulvus populations in North Dakota suggests at least 84 and 90% of adults originated from mid-oleic or high oleic sunflower hybrids in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Surveys in 2017 (n = 156 fields) and 2019 (n = 120 fields) extended information provided by S. fulvus fatty acid data; no significant spatial patterns of S. fulvus damage were detected in samples, damage to oilseed sunflowers was greater than confection (non-oil) types, and the majority of damage occurred in ≈10% of surveyed fields. Combined, data suggest a few unmanaged or mismanaged oilseed sunflower fields are responsible for producing most S. fulvus in an area. Improved management seems possible with a combination of grower education and expanded use of non-insecticidal tactics, including cultural practices and S. fulvus-resistant hybrids.

scholarly journals Integrated Analysis of Seed microRNA and mRNA Transcriptome Reveals Important Functional Genes and microRNA-Targets in the Process of Walnut (Juglans regia) Seed Oil Accumulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9093
Author(s):  
Xinchi Zhao ◽  
Guiyan Yang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Liu ◽  
Zhongdong Yu ◽  
Shaobing Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Walnut Oil ◽  
Regulatory Modules

Walnut (Juglans regia) is known as a promising woody oil crop with abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in its kernel. However, the regulation mechanism of walnut oil accumulation and fatty acid metabolism is still poorly understood, which restricted the breeding and genetic improvement of high-quality oil-bearing walnuts. To reveal the molecular mechanism of walnut oil accumulation, considering the potential regulation of microRNA (miRNA) in seed development, in this study, the oil content of walnut kernel on the 80th, 100th and 120th day after flowering (DAF) was tested and the corresponding proportions are 11.51%, 40.40% and 53.20%. Between DAF of 80th~120th, the content of stearic acid and oleic acid tended to increase, but the proportion of other fatty acids tended to decrease. Meanwhile, comparative transcriptome and sRNA-seq analysis on three stages (80th, 100th and 120th DAF), found 204 conserved miRNAs and 554 novel miRNAs in walnut kernels, among which 104 key genes related to walnut oil accumulation were screened. The phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase metabolic pathway may contribute more to oil accumulation in walnut. 16 miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules related to walnut oil accumulation and fatty acid synthesis were constructed. 8 known miRNAs and 9 novel miRNAs regulate 28 genes involved in fatty acid (FA) metabolism and lipid synthesis. Among them, jre-miRn105, jre-miRn434, jre-miR477d and jre-miR156a.2 are key miRNAs that regulate walnut FA synthesis. Jre-miRn411 and jre-miR399a.1 are closely related to oil accumulation. These data provide new insights and lay the foundation for subsequent studies on walnut FA synthesis and oil accumulation.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity, chemical composition and oil characteristics of six sesame genotypes

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Zahran ◽  
Ahmed Abd-Elsaber ◽  
Hesham Z. Tawfeuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Seed Index ◽  
Sesame Genotypes

The nutritional factors and characteristics of sesame (Sesame indicum L.) seeds and extracted oil of six genotypes: G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 cultivated in Upper Egypt were subjected to comparative evaluation with control (G1), for its genetic diversity, physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity and oil oxidative stability (Rancimat test). Estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation revealed high value in seed yield. For heritability estimates, the data showed that four traits out of eight recorded the highest heritability values over of 90%. These traits were oil yield (99.56%), seed yield (98.83%), plant height (96.33%) and seed index (90.03%). Sesame seeds have a high oil content (39.56 to 54.64 g/100g dry weight). The fatty acid profile was varied among the genotypes, in particular oleic acid (37.15 to 46.61%) and linoleic acid (37.49 to 44.33%). Results indicated that G4 has significantly higher in most agricultural traits as well as seed yield, while the G5 was the highest in oil yield and has significantly higher oxidative stability (26.57 h) among the genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) in the Eastern Italian Alps

Forests ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Vischi ◽  
Cristina Chiabà ◽  
Steluta Raranciuc ◽  
Luca Poggetti ◽  
Rachele Messina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Italian Alps

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Brenneria Nigrifluens Strains in North of Iran (Margin of Caspian Sea)

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
A. Jamalzade ◽  
M. Shamsbakhsh ◽  
H. Rahimian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Special Distribution ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic Diversity ofBrenneria NigrifluensStrains in North of Iran (Margin of Caspian Sea)Brenneria nigrifluens, the cause of shallow bark canker of Persian walnut trees (Juglans regiaL.), has become fairly widespread in Iran in recent years. It is regarded as a great threat to walnut production. To determine the diversity ofB. nigrifluensstrains, sixty strains of the causal bacterium were isolated from bark samples of infected walnut trees collected from Mazandaran, Guilan and Golestan provinces and were studied. The physiological and biochemical characteristics, electrophoretic patterns of total cell proteins and rep-PCR generated DNA fingerprints ofB. nigrifluensstrains were compared. Strains appeared to be more or less similar in phenotypic characteristics. Less than 15% of the strains differed in a few phenotypic features such as the ability in production of H2S from peptone, hydrolysis of esculin, levan production, arginine dehydrolase, nitrate reduction, indol production and methyl red reaction. These differences did not show any special distribution and therefore was not suitable for classifying the strains into distinct groups. The electrophoretic patterns of cell proteins of the strains were different from each other and were only useful for preliminary grouping of the isolates. The groups of strains were differentiated by their rep-PCR fingerprints and on which basis they were placed in six groups in similarity level 95%. Cluster analysis was performed using NTSYSpd software. The results of these studies demonstrated that the populations ofB. nigrifluensin North of Iran are genetically heterogeneous. The results can be used in selection of disease management strategies.

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