Transition into Retirement Affects Life Satisfaction: Short- and Long-Term Development Depends on Last Labor Market Status and Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 991-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wetzel ◽  
Oliver Huxhold ◽  
Clemens Tesch-Römer
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Informal work, unemployment and health in Brazilian metropolitan areas, 1998 and 2003

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2396-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
Cibele Comini César
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Short And Long Term

This study investigates whether employment with no social security, as well as short and long term unemployment are associated with worse health among Brazilians. The representative study sample was taken from two National Health Surveys and included men aged between 15 and 64 who lived in one of the eight metropolitan regions of Brazil in 1998 (n = 31,870) and 2003 (n = 32,887). Both surveys showed that full and part time workers with no social security, as well as those in short and long term (> 12 months) unemployment had worse health indicators, regardless of age or schooling, when compared with full-time workers (> 40 hours/week) who had some form of social security through their employment. Hepatic cirrhosis was the disease most strongly associated with labor market status. Its prevalence was higher among individuals in long term unemployment and those with no social security. Labor market status was also negatively associated with the use of health care services, especially medical visits. The present study shows that the absence of social security at work, unemployment and length of unemployment, characterize heterogeneous groups of individuals in relation to health. Results reinforce the need to incorporate labor market status in research into health inequalities.

scholarly journals Flexibility Policies and Re-employment Probabilities in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Mussida ◽  
Dario Sciulli
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Duration Dependence ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Regional Labor Markets ◽  
Flexible Labor ◽  
Regional Labor ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Employment Probabilities ◽  
Screening Device

Abstract We analyze the effects of Italian labor market reforms “at the margin” on the probability of exiting from non-employment and entering permanent and temporary contracts, using WHIP data for the period 1985–2004. We find that the reforms have strengthened the duration dependence parameter, meaning a stronger labor market gap in employment opportunities between the short- and long-term non-employed. We suggest that in a flexible labor market, long-term unemployment is used by firms as a screening device to detect less productive workers. We also find evidence of greater differences in employment opportunities according to gender, and of reduced differences between regional labor markets.

scholarly journals Short and long-term consequences of high-school tracks for earnings in Israel

2020 ◽  
pp. 000169932092091
Author(s):  
Limor Gabay-Egozi ◽  
Meir Yaish
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
College Degrees ◽  
School Tracking ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Vocational and academic curricula are said to hold both short-term and long-term consequences for economic outcomes. The literature on this topic, however, fails to address the long-term consequences of educational tracking. Just as important, this literature did not examine returns to high-school tracking within levels of further education. This paper aims to fill these gaps in the literature. Utilizing longitudinal data of Israeli men and women who graduated high school in the late 1980s and entered the labor market in the early 1990s, we examine their earning trajectories throughout age 50 in 2013. The results indicate that for men without college degrees, vocational education provides pay premiums at labor-market entry. With time, however, these earnings’ premiums decline and diminish. A similar pattern characterizes degree holders, though the decline in the pay premiums is less steep when compared to men without a college degree. For women we do not find similar vocational effects. Taken together, our results indicate that the more substantial differences in earnings trajectories in Israel, among men and women alike, are associated with level of education and not with high-school tracks. The theoretical and potential policy implications of these findings are discussed.

Starting Points: Divergent Trajectories of Labor Market Integration among U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents

Social Forces ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 849-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Nicole Kreisberg
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Labor Market Integration ◽  
Permanent Residence ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Permanent Residents

AbstractLegal status is a growing dimension of inequality among immigrants in the U.S. Scholars have suggested that the legal status with which immigrants enter the country stratifies their short- and long-term opportunities for labor market integration. However, much quantitative immigration scholarship modeling the relationship between legal status and labor market integration treats legal status as static. In reality, immigrants change statuses dynamically throughout their lives. This article uses a dynamic conceptualization of legal status, as well as nationally representative data and regression and propensity score weighting techniques, to examine whether five initial legal statuses are associated with divergent labor market trajectories even after those statuses change. I find that initial legal statuses—which I refer to as starting points—are associated with ordered differences in immigrants’ occupational positions immediately after immigrants change status to lawful permanent residence. These differences persist over time. Five years after all immigrants share lawful permanent residence, employment visa holders maintain more prestigious jobs; immigrants with family reunification and diversity status are in the middle; and immigrants with refugee status and undocumented experience have less prestigious jobs. This article demonstrates aggregate, longitudinal patterns of stratification among a nationally representative sample of permanent residents. The findings suggest the importance of modeling legal status as a dynamic rather than static category to reflect the continued influence of legal status starting points on immigrants’ labor market integration.

scholarly journals When Life Happens: Investigating Short and Long-Term Effects of Life Stressors on Life Satisfaction in a Large Sample of Norwegian Mothers

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1689-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunvor Marie Dyrdal ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Ragnhild Bang Nes ◽  
Joar Vittersø
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Short And Long Term

The Labor Market Status of Immigrants: Effects of the Unemployment Rate at Arrival and Duration of Residence

ILR Review ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Chiswick ◽  
Yinon Cohen ◽  
Tzippi Zach
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
White Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Immigrant Men

Combining Current Population Survey samples from November 1979, April 1983, June 1986, and June 1988, all of which included data on country of birth and year of immigration, the authors examine patterns of immigrant employment and unemployment. Human capital was less strongly linked to employment status for immigrant men than for native-born white men, probably because human capital acquired outside the United States was only imperfectly transferable to the U.S. labor market. Immigrants had some initial difficulty finding work, but their employment and unemployment rates quickly attained levels comparable to those of the native-born. There is no evidence that immigrants who arrived in a recession were subjected to a long-term “scarring” effect. Immigrants' labor market status appears to have been somewhat more sensitive to cyclical changes in economic activity than was that of the native-born.

Yugoslav Women in Politics

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
Tanja Rener
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Functional Linkage ◽  
Sex Equality ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Short And Long Term

According to its normative principles, the delegate system ensures the working people's direct presence in the assemblies (communal, provincial, republican, and federal), as well as a functional linkage of short- and long-term interests of individual sections of society and of society as a whole. This lends special interest to women's participation in the delegate system. This article examines the findings of research conducted in Slovenia, particularly concerning the special social status according to women active in the delegate system, the nature of their participation, as well as their attitudes to active political participation. Now that Yugoslavia is undergoing a crisis, pressure is brought to bear on women to yield their places on the labor market to men and—although the principle of sex equality is given much prominence in the country's life—to concentrate on traditional women's roles.

scholarly journals Passion and Exploitation Among Young Adults with Different Labor Market Status in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Bergqvist ◽  
Birgitta Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The aim of this article is to describe and analyze the relationship between attitudes to work, wellbeing, and labor market status among young adults in Europe and to discuss the extent to which the relationship can be understood in terms of passion or exploitation. This aim is made concrete in the following research questions: To what extent do young adults in Europe have a passionate attitude to work? Are there differences between groups with various labor market status and nationalities? Are there differences in levels of well-being between the groups of young adults with different labor market status, and differences between the countries? The results are based on an individual survey conducted with three categories of young people (18–34 years old): long-term unemployed, those in precarious employments, and those regularly employed. The study had a cross-national comparative design and the countries included were France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland.

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