Analysis of the Educational Poverty in Spain by Subjects, Regions and Gender

AbstractQuality education is a key factor to improve people’s lives and to achieve sustainable development. Using data from PISA 2009, 2012 and 2015, in this paper the level of educational poverty of the Spanish regions is calculated by applying the Adjusted Bourguignon Chakravarty index, $$B{C}^{a}$$ B C a (Sánchez-García et al. in Soc Indicat Res 145(2): 479–501). A descriptive analysis of the differences in educational poverty by gender and the contribution of each region and subject to the national level of educational poverty is also provided. This information could certainly be considered a starting point to tackle educational poverty in Spain.

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Migration and Mobility as a Factor of Sustainable Development in Europe

Review of Economic and Business Studies ◽

10.1515/rebs-2018-0075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 93-103

Author(s):

Marzena Sylwia Kruk

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Foreign Students ◽

National Level ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Starting Point ◽

Research Problems ◽

Development Plans ◽

Capital Building ◽

Environmental Capital ◽

Assimilation Capacity

AbstractContemporary discourse on the international and national level of individual countries concerning the dilemma of sustainable development and the future of societies pays particular attention to the phenomenon of migration in Europe. The article aims to identify social factors, especially migration processes, affecting sustainable development in Europe and Poland. Synchronization of economic, social and environmental capital is to prevent the creation of one-line development plans. In addition, it is intended to eliminate potential conflicts related to uneven development. The starting point for the considerations is the definition proposed by I. Sachs "Sustainable development is a process by which it is possible to harmonize the exploitation of all natural resources, direct investment and technical and institutional changes, as well as meet the current and future needs of people according to the production and assimilation capacity of ecosystems" (Sachs, 2000) [Own translation from Polish].Specific questions and research problems arise What impact do contemporary migration processes have on sustainable development? Is sustainable development possible in a situation of growing social disproportions? How do economic migrants affect sustainable development? Foreign students, (migrants), as the capital building large urban centers.

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A Human Rights-Based Approach in Implementing Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) for Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12104179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 4179

Author(s):

Doanh-Ngan-Mac Do ◽

Linh-Khanh Hoang ◽

Cuong-Minh Le ◽

Trung Tran

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Human Rights ◽

Ethnic Minorities ◽

Child Labor ◽

Quality Education ◽

Legal Rights ◽

Detailed Assessment ◽

Development Goals ◽

And Gender ◽

Human Rights Based Approach

Seventeen sustainable development goals (SDG) by the United Nations in its 2030 Agenda have been nationalized and implemented in Vietnam. One of the country’s priorities is making educational provision accessible to all of its residents, especially for marginalized groups, while enforcing their human rights. In this context, this article examines the implementation of SDG4 (quality education) in combination with the practice of human rights for ethnic minorities in Vietnam. With access to jurisprudence, this research provides a detailed assessment of the compatibility between SDG targets and the legal rights to education of ethnic minorities. Additionally, this research employs an exploratory method to investigate the four major conditions for the implementation of quality education for ethnic minorities, namely legal–political, economic, socio-cultural factors, and participation pride. We also investigate three main barriers that hinder SDG4 implementation and human rights practices, namely child labor, language, and gender inequality. The contribution of this study is necessary for establishing more informed strategies and policies towards sustainable development in education for multi-ethnic countries.

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Enabling Integrated Policymaking with the Sustainable Development Goals: An Application to Ireland

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12187800 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (18) ◽

pp. 7800

Author(s):

David Horan

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Sustainable Development Goals ◽

Gap Analysis ◽

National Level ◽

Interesting Case ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Policy Coherence ◽

National Review ◽

Starting Point ◽

Development Goals

This article addresses policy coherence for sustainable development demonstrating the important role that dashboards of interlinked indicators can play as tools to coordinate interrelated government ministries for integrated policymaking at national level. Specifically, a monitoring and coordination tool is proposed based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators and mappings of SDG responsibilities across ministries. Drawing on studies in sustainability science of SDG interlinkages, the article presents a five-step procedure that government departments can use to construct indicator sets from official SDG indicators to support integrated policymaking for a specific sector. I apply the method to Ireland’s marine sector. Ireland is an interesting case because although many countries report mapping SDG responsibilities across ministries, Ireland’s Voluntary National Review explicitly maps these responsibilities for all 17 SDGs and 169 targets. Using performance gap analysis, concrete recommendations are developed for the lead department of the marine along three dimensions: which departments to cooperate with, on what policy areas discussions should focus, and how Ireland performs in each area compared to a selection of peer countries. In particular, the article recommends cooperation with nine other departments on fifteen policy issues. Relative to peers, Ireland is ranked amongst sustainability “leaders” on three of these issues and amongst “laggards” on nine issues. The proposed procedure, which has wide application (to other countries and sectors) as a starting point for integrated policymaking, can help to raise awareness among policymakers of outcomes in linked policy areas and enable dialogue between ministries on coherent policies to address interrelated gaps in sustainability.

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How far are the metropolitan areas in Brazil from achieving the sustainable development goals? An analysis based on SDG dashboards

SN Social Sciences ◽

10.1007/s43545-021-00131-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Silva Martinelli ◽

André Lindner

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Sustainable Development Goals ◽

Metropolitan Areas ◽

National Level ◽

Gender Inequalities ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Implementation Challenges ◽

Development Goals ◽

And Gender

AbstractCities comprise the major challenges for sustainable development and are key contributors to sustainability indicators in a country. However, research assessing sustainability performance often focuses on the national level, overlooking the role of urban areas. To evaluate the city performance toward a sustainable pathway, this paper proposes the sustainable development goals (SDGs) Dashboard for Brazilian Cities, with a comprehensive assessment of their specific challenges based on the SDG Index methodology (UNSDSN). The 19 country’s most populous metropolitan areas (MAs) were considered, which comprises 41% of the population. From 17 SDGs, this paper evaluates 8 of the 12 SDGs defined with a social and environmental profile, covering data from 34 indicators. Results show that all MAs have a long way to achieve most of the analyzed SDGs, especially regarding inequalities (income and gender). Inequalities of performance are also observed among the country into a clear north–south distinction, where the GDP richest regions perform better toward the SDGs. However, cities with a good performance in education (SDG 4) are less unequal (SDG 10), indicating interrelations between SDGs. Despite the inequalities, MAs are doing relatively well in reducing poverty (SDG 1) and providing water and sanitation (SDG 6). The SDG Dashboards for Brazilian Cities can be used as a framework for action and help urban leaders address implementation challenges across cities.

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Estimating exposure of residential assets to natural hazards in Europe using open data

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-20-323-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 323-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dominik Paprotny ◽

Heidi Kreibich ◽

Oswaldo Morales-Nápoles ◽

Paweł Terefenko ◽

Kai Schröter

Keyword(s):

Natural Hazards ◽

Economic Value ◽

National Level ◽

Open Data ◽

Universal Method ◽

Floor Space ◽

Starting Point ◽

Type Size ◽

Perpetual Inventory Method ◽

Using Data

Abstract. Natural hazards affect many types of tangible assets, the most valuable of which are often residential assets, comprising buildings and household contents. Yet, information necessary to derive exposure in terms of monetary value at the level of individual houses is often not available. This includes building type, size, quality, or age. In this study, we provide a universal method for estimating exposure of residential assets using only publicly available or open data. Using building footprints (polygons) from OpenStreetMap as a starting point, we utilized high-resolution elevation models of 30 European capitals and pan-European raster datasets to construct a Bayesian-network-based model that is able to predict building height. The model was then validated with a dataset of (1) buildings in Poland endangered by sea level rise, for which the number of floors is known, and (2) a sample of Dutch and German houses affected in the past by fluvial and pluvial floods, for which usable floor space area is known. Floor space of buildings is an important basis for approximating their economic value, including household contents. Here, we provide average national-level gross replacement costs of the stock of residential assets in 30 European countries, in nominal and real prices, covering the years 2000–2017. We either relied on existing estimates of the total stock of assets or made new calculations using the perpetual inventory method, which were then translated into exposure per square metre of floor space using data on countries' dwelling stocks. The study shows that the resulting standardized residential exposure values provide much better coverage and consistency compared to previous studies.

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Estimating exposure of residential assets to natural hazards in Europe using open data

10.5194/nhess-2019-313 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dominik Paprotny ◽

Heidi Kreibich ◽

Oswaldo Morales-Nápoles ◽

Paweł Terefenko ◽

Kai Schröter

Keyword(s):

Natural Hazards ◽

Economic Value ◽

National Level ◽

Open Data ◽

Universal Method ◽

Floor Space ◽

Starting Point ◽

Type Size ◽

Perpetual Inventory Method ◽

Using Data

Abstract. Natural hazards affect many types of tangible assets, the most valuable of which are often residential assets, comprising buildings and household contents. Yet, information necessary to derive exposure in terms of monetary value at the level of individual houses is often not available. This includes building type, size, quality or age. In this study, we provide a universal method for estimating exposure of residential assets using only publicly-available or open data. Using building footprints (polygons) from OpenStreetMap as a starting point, we utilized high-resolution elevation models of 30 European capitals and a set of pan-European raster dataset to construct a Bayesian Network-based model that is able to predict building height. The model was then validated with a dataset of: (1) buildings in Poland endangered by sea level rise, for which the number of floors is known, and (2) a sample of Dutch and German houses affected in the past by fluvial and pluvial floods, for which usable floor space area is known. Floor space of buildings is an important basis for approximating their economic value, including household contents. Here, we provide average national-level gross replacement costs of the stock of residential assets in 30 European countries, in nominal and real prices, covering years 2000–2017. We relied either on existing estimates of the total stock of assets or made new calculations using the Perpetual Inventory Method, which were then translated into exposure per m2 of floor space using data on countries' dwelling stocks. The study shows that the resulting standardized residential exposure values provide much better coverage and consistency compared to previous studies.

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Four decades of epidemiological data reveal trajectories towards malaria elimination in Kheda district (Gujarat), western part of India

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. e005815

Author(s):

Rajendra Kumar Baharia ◽

Chander Prakash Yadav ◽

Amit Sharma

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Malaria Burden ◽

Malaria Clinic ◽

And Gender ◽

Using Data ◽

Insecticide Spray

BackgroundMalaria is a main public health problem in India and was so particularly in the state of Gujarat in the western part of the country. This study assesses the effects of various interventions on malaria cases using data from the last 33 years (1987–2019).MethodsHere we have analysed 33 years of malaria epidemiological data from a malaria clinic in Kheda district in Gujarat. The data were digitised yearly and monthly, age-wise and gender-wise, and descriptive analysis was performed to assess the effects of several interventions on malaria burden.ResultsDuring 1987–2019, our clinic diagnosed 5466 Plasmodium vivax and 4732 P. falciparum malaria cases. Overall, there was a declining trend in malaria cases except for the years 1991, 1994, 2004 and 2005. The year 2004 especially witnessed an epidemic in Kheda as well as throughout Gujarat. Malaria infections were most common (40%) among the 21–40 years age group. Fever was the most common symptom in all age groups.InterpretationIntroduction of revised drug policy and improved surveillance technique (rapid diagnosis kits) have strengthened the diagnosis and treatment of malaria in the district. Use of pyrethroid in indoor residual insecticide spray has also strengthened vector control. Among the various interventions used, long-lasting insecticide nets and introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapy have played significant roles in controlling malaria cases. A more drastic decline in P. falciparum cases versus P. vivax is evident, but the latter persists in high proportions and therefore new tools for malaria control will be needed for elimination.

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The Segmentation of the Academic Labour Market and Gender, Field, and Institutional Inequalities

Social Inclusion ◽

10.17645/si.v9i3.4190 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 163-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marta Vohlídalová

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Wage Gap ◽

Academic Career ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Stem Fields ◽

Social Sciences And Humanities ◽

Key Factor ◽

And Gender ◽

Using Data

Using data from a 2017 survey of Czech academics this article examines the casualisation of working conditions in the Czech academic labour market (ALM) and explores gender, sectoral, and institutional inequalities through the lens of the theory of labour market segmentation. A hierarchical cluster analysis reveals three segments in the Czech ALM: core (40%), periphery (28%), and semi‐periphery (32%), which roughly align with work positions in the early, middle, and senior stages of an academic career. In the semi‐periphery gender is found to be a key factor in in determining working conditions, while in the periphery working conditions are most affected by the type of institution. In the core, gender differences are mainly reflected in the gender wage gap. The effects of casualisation on working conditions are found to be more pronounced in STEM fields than in the social sciences and humanities across the ALM, but wages are generally higher in STEM fields.

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A METHOD FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT: THE CASE OF THE POLISH REGIONS

Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management ◽

10.1142/s1464333204001808 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 06 (04) ◽

pp. 493-509

Author(s):

ELŻBIETA GOŃCZ ◽

MARIUSZ KISTOWSKI

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Sustainability Assessment ◽

National Level ◽

Assessment Framework ◽

Strategic Plans ◽

Starting Point ◽

Regional Sustainable Development ◽

Practical Tool ◽

Development Objectives

Integrated planning for regional development is relatively new in Poland, following the reform of the territorial administration in 1999. The strategic plans now produced by the regional parliaments are crucial research documents, particularly for their orientation to environmental and regional sustainable development objectives. This research developed and tested an assessment framework of issues for each regional plan. This was framed first in terms of internal regional objectives, and second in terms of their role in national level plans and policies. Such vertical integration of planning systems is a major challenge for European multi-level systems of governance. The assessment framework uses a system of indicators and indices, comparing regional versus national conditions and trends, based on a simple rational/maximal model. The methodology was designed to be transferable to other territorial levels, and may become a practical tool for evaluation of structural funding in similar regions across the EU. The methodology will benefit from further enhancements, in particular for the indicator set used for the 2000–2010 regional sustainable development model. However, at this stage in the development of Polish strategic planning, it aims to provide a starting point for sustainability impact assessment of all major policy proposals, in the spirit of the Göteborg principles for European sustainable development.

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Uniformed Services University Medical Student Mentorship Experiences and Gender From 2010 to 2017

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usaa064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 185 (7-8) ◽

pp. e1277-e1283

Author(s):

Kerry Latham ◽

Ting Dong ◽

Deanna Schreiber ◽

Dario Torre ◽

Steve Durning ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Male Students ◽

Academic Promotion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Key Factor ◽

And Gender ◽

Using Data ◽

The Military

Abstract Introduction Gender disparity in medicine has drawn increased attention in the form of root cause analysis and programmatic solutions with the goal of equity. Research indicates that mentoring, guidance, and support, which include the provision of social and academic guidance and support from more experienced practitioners, can mitigate challenges associated with gender disparity. The purpose of this study was to explore women medical students’ self-reports of mentorship during their time at Uniformed Services University (USU), if women report similar levels of mentorship as compared to men, and if levels of characteristics associated with mentoring (eg, social support, academic guidance) changed over time. Materials and Method Using data from the American Association of Medical College’s Graduate Questionnaire, a survey sent to all medical students prior to graduation, items were coded as related to mentorship, guidance, and support and analyzed to compare responses of female and male students from graduating USU classes of 2010–2017. Results No significant difference was found between experiences of female and male survey respondents. Equitable experiences were consistent across time for the 8 years of the study. Conclusions Although mentorship is cited as a key factor in mediating gender disparity in medicine, other STEM fields, and the military, the findings suggest that there is equity at the USU undergraduate medical education level. Further studies are needed to understand if disparities in mentorship experiences occur at other stages of a military physician’s career, such as graduate medical education, faculty and academic promotion levels.

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