scholarly journals A dataset of regressions in web applications detected by end-to-end tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Óscar Soto-Sánchez ◽  
Michel Maes-Bermejo ◽  
Micael Gallego ◽  
Francisco Gortázar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Spring Framework ◽  
Apply Research ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Unit Tests

AbstractEnd-to-end tests present many challenges in the industry. The long-running times of these tests make it unsuitable to apply research work on test case prioritization or test case selection, for instance, on them, as most works on these two problems are based on datasets of unit tests. These ones are fast to run, and time is not usually a considered criterion. This is because there is no dataset of end-to-end tests, due to the infrastructure needs for running this kind of tests, the complexity of the setup and the lack of proper characterization of the faults and their fixes. Therefore, running end-to-end tests for any research work is hard and time-consuming, and the availability of a dataset containing regression bugs, documentation and logs for these tests might foster the usage of end-to-end tests in research works. This paper presents a) a dataset for this kind of tests, including six well-documented manually injected regression bugs and their corresponding fixes in three web applications built using Java and the Spring framework; b) tools for easing the execution of these tests no matter the infrastructure; and c) a comparative study with two well-known datasets of unit tests. The comparative study shows that there are important differences between end-to-end and unit tests, such as their execution time and the amount of resources they consume, which are much higher in the end-to-end tests. End-to-end testing deserves some attention from researchers. Our dataset is a first effort toward easing the usage of end-to-end tests in research works.

scholarly journals Response of a C-Shaped Building Under Blast Loadings

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 1012-1016
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Blast Load ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Live Loads ◽  
Triangular Function ◽  
The Comparative Study

Our structures especially building structures, are designed basically for dead loads, live loads for static loading conditions and for wind, earthquake and their combinations for dynamic lateral loadings. As the structures are not designed for unexpected blast load conditions it is not possible for the structures to resist such destructive forces of blast impacts. In this research work a comparative study has been done for the blast forces and earthquake forces. For this study purpose a C-shaped building was modelled for the analysis in finite element program SAP-2000. Initially the building model was analysed for Dead loads, live loads and Earthquake loads. In the second model the building is designed for Blast load. Blast load was defined as a triangular function using codal provisions suggested by IS-4991. The results then are compared and it was checked how far a building designed for EQ can withstand a blast of specific amount of TNT. Also the effect of blast forces due to shape of the building is checked. The comparative study has been mapped and indicated in the paper.

scholarly journals The Effect of Electricity Supply on the Performance of Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria: A Case Study of Calabar South and Calabar Municipality of Cross River State

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian E. Bassey ◽  
Imoh Kingsley Ikpe
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Electric Power Supply ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Comparative Study

This research work analyzed the comparative study of the effect of electricity supply on the performance of small and medium-scale enterprises in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality,using small and medium scale businessmen and women as well as power holding company staff. The objectives of this study to analyze the comparative study of the effect of electricity supply on the performance of small and medium-scale enterprises in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality.The survey research design was adopted and a twelve (12) item structured questionnaire was used to obtain a sample size of 248 small and medium scale business owners and power holding staff randomly selected from the population. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant effect of electricity supply on the performance of small and medium-scale enterprises in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality. The results further revealed that insufficient electricity supply significantly affect the performance of small and medium-scale enterprises in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality.The study concludes that there are enormous difficulties being experienced by businesses in Cross River State and other parts of Nigeria due to inadequate and unreliable electric power supply. Thus an inadequate and unreliable supply of electricity imposes costs and therefore constrained firms’ operational performance as firms suffer high overhead cost due to the deficient electricity supply from the national grid. The study recommends that the Nigerian government needs to consider the issue of power supply reliability very seriously by facilitating both private and public investment in electricity infrastructure.

FlakyLoc: Flakiness Localization for Reliable Test Suites in Web Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Morán ◽  
Cristian Augusto ◽  
Antonia Bertolino ◽  
Claudio De La Riva ◽  
Javier Tuya
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Asynchronous Communications

Web application testing is a great challenge due to the management of complex asynchronous communications, the concurrency between the clients-servers, and the heterogeneity of resources employed. It is difficult to ensure that a test case is re-running in the same conditions because it can be executed in undesirable ways according to several environmental factors that are not easy to fine-grain control such as network bottlenecks, memory issues or screen resolution. These environmental factors can cause flakiness, which occurs when the same test case sometimes obtains one test outcome and other times another outcome in the same application due to the execution of environmental factors. The tester usually stops relying on flaky test cases because their outcome varies during the re-executions. To fix and reduce the flakiness it is very important to locate and understand which environmental factors cause the flakiness. This paper is focused on the localization of the root cause of flakiness in web applications based on the characterization of the different environmental factors that are not controlled during testing. The root cause of flakiness is located by means of spectrum-based localization techniques that analyse the test execution under different combinations of the environmental factors that can trigger the flakiness. This technique is evaluated with an educational web platform called FullTeaching. As a result, our technique was able to locate automatically the root cause of flakiness and provide enough information to both understand it and fix it.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IMAGE FILTERING ON VARIOUS NOISY PIXELS

2013 ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
SONALI R. MAHAKALE ◽  
NILESHSINGH V. THAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Image Filtering ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Work Done

This paper deals with the comparative study of research work done in the field of Image Filtering. Different noises can affect the image in different ways. Although various solutions are available for denoising them, a detail study of the research is required in order to design a filter which will fulfill the desire aspects along with handling most of the image filtering issues. An output image should be judged on the basis of Image Quality Metrics for ex-: Peak-Signal-to-Noise ratio (PSNR), Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Execution Time.

An Expert Framework Aide for Determining Optimal Design Models

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. J. Lin ◽  
Santanu Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Performance Criterion ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Final Decision

This paper presents the development of a CAD-based expert framework aide for the decision making on choosing optimal design methods. The proposed framework is based on a comparative study of gradient enhanced meta-models using response surface modeling (RSM) and Kriging techniques, the two most promising meta-modeling techniques studied extensively in design optimization schemes for approximating complex systems. However, current and past research shows that the performance of these methods mandates significant improvements due to the fact that a large number of sample points are needed from within the design space for a considerable accurate model. This makes the designers face a dilemma between accuracy and computational cost. To overcome this so called curse of dimensionality problem, a proper framework with which the models can be validated and its reliability can be evaluated is proposed and established in this research work. Our approach is aimed at forming a GUI-based software framework (utilizing DACE) in MATLAB® that will aid the designers to decide which Meta-model would be most suitable for a certain modeling for design. It will help designers to plan the design of experiments and train the models using the gradient information available at low cost and consequently, validate the model with existing data, as well as produce error analysis graphs and performance criterion charts of all the models for a final decision making. A comparative study of performance of the gradient enhanced RSM and gradient enhanced Kriging models are conducted for six different test equations of various degrees of non-linearity using this proposed framework. A Pro/Engineer® model of a bracket is taken as a test case for the verification of the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed expert framework as a decision-making tool for designers of engineering products. All the tested Metamodels performed satisfactorily within the specified error margins.

New Pure Motor Nerve Experimental Model for the Comparative Study between End-to-End and End-to-Side Neurorrhaphy in Free Muscle Flap Neurotization

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia-Alexandra Spyropoulou ◽  
Efstathios Lykoudis ◽  
Anna Batistatou ◽  
Apostolos Papalois ◽  
George Tagaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Free Muscle Flap ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Pure Motor

A Secure Iris Biometric Recognition System

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-115
Author(s):  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Priti Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Biometric Recognition ◽  
Replay Attack ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact

Security-related issues are creeping in almost every authentication problem. Even the secured systems may be exposed to unknown attacks. While addressing one aspect of security, one tends to forget how vulnerable our system is to other attacks. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the impact of these attacks completely and also to get a vision of the hazard they may put when combined together. In this chapter, the authors focus on two such attacks on iris biometric: replay attack and template attack. They provide a detailed analysis of current research work on each of it individually. The comparative study of solutions to these individual attacks is done with the techniques that aim at combining these two attacks. The authors clearly bring out the advantages of the latter approach, which is the driving force in need for a shift to more innovative ideas.

Pandhawa Gubah sebagai Representasi Interaksi Metafisik Manusia Jawa dan Perbandingannya dengan Cheritera Pandawa Lima

Manuskripta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Novarina Novarina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Literary Study ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Comparative Study

Abstract: This research is a comparative literary study that uses Malay and Javanese versions of Mahabarata text sources. The research objects used were the text edition of Pandhawa Gubah (PG) by Sudibjo Z. Hadisutjipto and the text of Cheritera Pandawa Lima (CPL) by Khalid Hussain. The research method used is descriptive-analysis method. In the comparative study used a comparative literary theory proposed by Endraswara (2011). The results of the text comparison reveal the similarities and differences in the image of Bima figures in the Javanese and Malay versions. The equation as a whole is that both texts contain the same heroic storyline and heroic character, Bima. In addition, Indian influence is still evident in the two texts seen from the nuances of Hinduism that exist in both texts. While the difference is seen in the events that accompany Bima's struggle in achieving his victory. Based on these similarities and differences, it can be seen that the authors attempt to represent the concept of metaphysical interactions vertically and horizontally expressed through PG text. --- Abstrak: Penelitian ini adalah satu kajian sastra bandingan yang menggunakan sumber teks Mahabarata versi Melayu dan Jawa. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah edisi teks Pandhawa Gubah (PG) karya Sudibjo Z. Hadisutjipto dan teks Cheritera Pandawa Lima (CPL) karya Khalid Hussain. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif-analisis. Dalam telaah perbandingan digunakan teori sastra bandingan yang dikemukakan Endraswara (2011). Hasil perbandingan teks mengungkapkan adanya persamaan dan perbedaan citra tokoh Bima dalam versi Jawa maupun versi Melayu. Persamaan secara keseluruhan adalah kedua teks tersebut mengandung alur cerita kepahlawanan dan tokoh pahlawan yang sama yaitu Bima. Selain itu, pengaruh India masih tampak dalam kedua teks tersebut dilihat dari nuansa Hinduisme yang ada dalam kedua teks. Sementara perbedaannya tampak pada peristiwa-peristiwa yang menyertai perjuangan Bima dalam mencapai kemenangannya. Berdasarkan persamaan dan perbedaan tersebut tampak adanya upaya penulis untuk merepresentasikan konsep interaksi metafisik secara vertikal dan horizontal yang diungkapkan melalui teks PG.

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