Suitability of the SWAT Model for Simulating Water Discharge and Sediment Load in a Karst Watershed of the Semiarid Mediterranean Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 785-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Carmelo Conesa-García
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Swat Model

Impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality in the upper Dong Nai river basin, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Viet Thang ◽  
Dao Nguyen Khoi ◽  
Ho Long Phi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality (TSS, T-N, and T-P loads) in the upper Dong Nai River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. The calibration and validation results indicated that the SWAT model is a reasonable tool for simulating streamflow and water quality for this basin. Based on the well-calibrated SWAT model, the responses of streamflow, sediment load, and nutrient load to climate change were simulated. Climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) were developed from five GCM simulations (CanESM2, CNRM-CM5, HadGEM2-AO, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MPI-ESM-MR) using the delta change method. The results indicated that climate in the study area would become warmer and wetter in the future. Climate change leads to increases in streamflow, sediment load, T-N load, and T-P load. Besides that, the impacts of climate change would exacerbate serious problems related to water shortage in the dry season and soil erosion and degradation in the wet season. In addition, it is indicated that changes in sediment yield and nutrient load due to climate change are larger than the corresponding changes in streamflow.

scholarly journals Actual inflow of riverine sediment load into Lake Baikal: main tributaries the Selenga, Upper Angara, and Barguzin Rivers (Russia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1111-1114
Author(s):  
T.G. Potemkina ◽  
◽  
V.L. Potemkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
Riverine Sediment ◽  
The Given

Abstract. The sediment load delivery into Lake Baikal from its main tributaries the Selenga, Upper Angara, and Barguzin Rivers has been reduced since the mid-1970s. This is explained by climate change and socioeconomic activities. Integrated analysis of changes in hydro-meteorological parameters (water discharge, sediment load, air temperature, precipitation) and their trends over the period 1946 1975 (baseline) and 1976 2017 (warming) is performed. Changes in natural processes and human activity were negligible during the baseline period. During the warming period, the greatest reduction of the sediment load inflow against the background of temperature rise and precipitation decrease occurred in the interval between 1996 and 2017 in the Selenga River, between 1985 and 2017 in the Upper Angara River, and between 1992 and 2017 in the Barguzin River. The flux of the sediment load into these rivers was 768 103, 88 103, and 29 103 t y 1, respectively. This is 2 3 times less than the average multiyear values for all period of 1946 2017, which are usually used when characterizing sediment load runoff from these rivers. Currently the values in the given intervals correspond to the actual sediment load flux into Lake Baikal from the main tributaries.

scholarly journals Ecohydrological modelling of water discharge and nitrate loads in a mesoscale lowland catchment, Germany

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. D. Lam ◽  
B. Schmalz ◽  
N. Fohrer
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Validation Period ◽  
Calibration Period ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The aims of this study are to identify the capacities of applying an ecohydrological model for simulating flow and to assess the impact of point and non-point source pollution on nitrate loads in a complex lowland catchment, which has special hydrological characteristics in comparison with those of other catchments. The study area Kielstau catchment has a size of approximately 50 km2 and is located in the North German lowlands. The water quality is not only influenced by the predominating agricultural land use in the catchment as cropland and pasture, but also by six municipal wastewater treatment plants. Ecohydrological models like the SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) are useful tools for simulating nutrient loads in river catchments. Diffuse entries from the agriculture resulting from fertilizers as well as punctual entries from the wastewater treatment plants are implemented in the model set-up. The results of this study show good agreement between simulated and measured daily discharges with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and a correlation coefficient of 0.76 and 0.88 for the calibration period (November 1998 to October 2004); 0.75 and 0.92 for the validation period (November 2004 to December 2007). The model efficiency for daily nitrate loads is 0.64 and 0.5 for the calibration period (June 2005 to May 2007) and the validation period (June 2007 to December 2007), respectively. The study revealed that SWAT performed satisfactorily in simulating daily flow and nitrate loads at the lowland catchment in Northern Germany.

scholarly journals Artificial Neural Network Model for Estimation of Suspended Sediment Load in Krishna River Basin, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3701-3705
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Suspended Sediment Load ◽  
Artificial Neural

The correct assessment of amount of sediment during design, management and operation of water resources projects is very important. Efficiency of dam has been reduced due to sedimentation which is built for flood control, irrigation, power generation etc. There are traditional methods for the estimation of sediment are available but these cannot provide the accurate results because of involvement of very complex variables and processes. One of the best suitable artificial intelligence technique for modeling this phenomenon is artificial neural network (ANN). In the current study ANN techniques used for simulation monthly suspended sediment load at Vijayawada gauging station in Krishna river basin, Andhra Pradesh, India. Trial & error method were used during the optimization of parameters that are involved in this model. Estimation of suspended sediment load (SSL) is done using water discharge and water level data as inputs. The water discharge, water level and sediment load is collected from January 1966 to December 2005. This approach is used for modelled the SSL. By considering the results, ANN has the satisfactory performance and more accurate results in the simulation of monthly SSL for the study location.

Dramatic variations in water discharge and sediment load from Nanliu River (China) to the Beibu Gulf during 1960s–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shushi Li ◽  
Zhijun Dai ◽  
Xuefei Mei ◽  
Hu Huang ◽  
Wen Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Beibu Gulf

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Runoff and Sediment Load of the Xiliugou Basin in the Upper Yellow River

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifang Yao ◽  
Changxing Shi ◽  
Wenwei Shao ◽  
Jianbin Bai ◽  
Hui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Upper Yellow River ◽  
Using Data

Using data of temperature, wind, precipitation, water discharge, and sediment load, the changes in runoff and sediment load of the Xiliugou basin in the upper Yellow River were investigated and the contributions of climate change and human activities to these changes were quantitatively estimated. Results show that the runoff and sediment load of the stream declined gradually in 1960–2012. According to the abrupt change point detected, the runoff and sediment series were divided into two periods: 1960–1998 and 1999–2012. The reductions of runoff and sediment load in 1999–2012 were found to be related to climate change and human activities, and the latter played a dominant role with a contribution of about 68% and 75%, respectively. The effects of rainfall intensity should be considered to avoid overestimating or underestimating the contributions of rainfall changes to the variations of runoff and sediment load in the semiarid region. An inspection of changes in water discharge and sediment regime indicated that the frequency of discharge between 0 and 5 m3/s increased while that between 5 and 1000 m3/s decreased in 2006–2012. This phenomenon can be attributed principally to the soil and water conservation practices.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts on hydrology in the Dak B’la watershed, Central Highland Vietnam based on SWAT model

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Kim Loi ◽  
Vo Ngoc Quynh Tram ◽  
Nguyen Thi Tinh Au
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Central Highland ◽  
Average Water

Climate is the main factor affecting hydrology in a watershed. For purely agricultural watershed, hydrological assessment and management play a very important role in the region's agricultural development. In this study, the hydrological was simulated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This paper aimed to calibrate and validate the SWAT model in Dak B’la watershed in Central Highland Vietnam and assess the climate change on water discharge. The coefficient of determination (R²) and Nash-Sutcliffe index (NSI), and Percent BIAS (PBIAS) during the calibration process was 0.75, 0.72, and -1.15 respectively and validation process was 0.82, 0.83, 3.67 respectively. It proved the high reliability of the SWAT model after calibration. The two climate scenarios were selected in this investigation: scenario A is the existing climate using the data from 2001 to 2018 and scenario B is the A1B emission scenario for the future period from 2020 to 2069. Compared to the average water discharge from 2001-2018 and average water discharge from 2020 to 2069, the results indicated that climate change increases the average water discharge (0.55%), especially in 2050, the water discharge in the flood season (in November) is 584 m3/s, which higher than the largest flood in 2009 of 450 m3/s.

scholarly journals Monthly Suspended Sediment Load Estimation using Artificial Neural Network and Traditional Models in Krishna River Basin, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-618
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Artificial Neural

The measurement of sediment yield is essential for getting the information of the mass balance between sea and land. It is difficult to directly measure the suspended sediment because it takes more time and money. One of the most common pollutants in the aquatic environment is suspended sediments. The sediment loads in rivers are controlled by variables like canal slope, basin volume, precipitation seasonality and tectonic activity. Water discharge and water level are the major controlling factor for estimate the sediment load in the Krishna River. Artificial neural network (ANN) is used for sediment yield modeling in the Krishna River basin, India. The comparative results show that the ANN is the easiest model for the suspended sediment yield estimates and provides a satisfactory prediction for very high, medium and low values. It is also noted that the Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) model predicted an many number of negative sediment outputs at lower values. This is entirely unreality because the suspended sediment result can not be negative in nature. The ANN is provided better results than traditional models. The proposed ANN model will be helpful where the sediment measures are not available.

scholarly journals Comparing model sensitivities of different landscapes using the ecohydrological SWAT model

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schmalz ◽  
N. Fohrer
Keyword(s):  
Water Discharge ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Low Mountain Range ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

Abstract. Lowland areas are characterised by specific properties, such as flat topography, low hydraulic gradients, shallow groundwater, and high potential for water retention in peatland and lakes. The investigated mesoscale catchments Stör, Treene and Kielstau are located in Northern Germany within lowland areas. Covering areas from 50 to 517 km2, these rural catchments have sandy, loamy and peaty soils and are drained in high fraction by open ditches and tile drainage. Using the river basin model SWAT, sensitivity analyses were carried out through an automatic routine that is based on the Latin-Hypercube (LH) and a One-factor-At-a-Time (OAT) sampling. The objective of this study is to investigate how specific landscape features influence the model behaviour. There are two research questions: a) What are the most sensitive parameters in the studied lowland catchments? b) What differences occur between these landscape features in comparison to mountainous or low mountain range catchments? The results show that groundwater and soil parameters were found to be most sensitive in the studied lowland catchments and they turned out to be the most influential factors on simulated water discharge. The most sensitive parameter was the threshold water level in shallow aquifer for baseflow (GWQMN). In contrast, many studies of mountainous or low mountain range catchments show that the most sensitive parameters were the surface runoff parameters.

scholarly journals Contemporary Trends in River Flow, Suspended Sediment Load, and Soil/Gully Erosion in the South of the Boreal Forest Zone of European Russia: The Vyatka River Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2567
Author(s):  
Artyom V. Gusarov ◽  
Aidar G. Sharifullin ◽  
Achim A. Beylich
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Suspended Sediment Load ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
East European ◽  
Erosion Intensity

Recent decades in the north of the East European Plain have been characterized by significant changes in climate and land use/cover, especially after the collapse of the USSR in 1991. At the same time, the hydrological consequences of these changes, especially changes in erosion processes and river sediment load, have been studied insufficiently. This paper partially covers this existing knowledge gap using the example of the Vyatka River basin. Draining an area of 129,000 km2, the Vyatka River is among the largest rivers in the boreal forest zone of European Russia. Cultivated land occupies about one-fifth of the river basin area; about three-fourths is covered by taiga forest vegetation. The results of state long-term hydrometeorological monitoring and information on land use/cover made it possible to reveal contemporary (since the 1960s) hydrological and erosion-intensity trends and their drivers within the greater (96%) part of the river basin. There has been a statistically insignificant increase in water discharge in the Vyatka River basin during recent decades. This is due to a statistically insignificant increase (for the entire basin studied) in the spring snowmelt-induced floodwater flow and a statistically significant rise in the discharge in the year’s warm and cold seasons. The main reason for the detected trends is increased precipitation, including heavy rainfall during the warm season. In contrast to this, the total annual suspended sediment load of the river (especially that which was snowmelt-induced) and, consequently, soil/gully erosion intensity have experienced a significant decrease in recent decades (up to 58% between 1960–1980 and 2010–2018). Land-use/-cover changes (a reduction of cultivated land area and agricultural machinery, a decline of livestock in pastures) following the collapse of the Soviet Union are considered the main reasons for this decrease. The most noticeable changes in water discharge, suspended sediment load, and erosion intensity were observed in the most agriculturally developed southwest and south parts of the Vyatka River basin. All the above trends may be considered with a high probability to be representative for the south sector of the taiga zone of the East European Plain.

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