Influence of combined exposure levels of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic on arsenic methylation capacity among university students: findings from Bayesian kernel machine regression analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Ji ◽  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Kernel Machine ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Methylation Capacity ◽  
Kernel Machine Regression ◽  
Exposure Levels

scholarly journals Influencing Trend and Extent of Combined Exposure Levels of Total Arsenic and Inorganic Arsenic on Arsenic Methylation Capacity Among University Students: Findings from Bayesian Analysis Using Kernel Machine Regression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Ji ◽  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Kernel Machine ◽  
Methylation Capacity ◽  
Kernel Machine Regression ◽  
Exposure Levels

Abstract The arsenic (As) methylation capacity is an important determinant of the susceptibility to arsenic-related diseases. Total As (TAs) or inorganic As (iAs) was reported to associate with As methylation capacity individually, however, influencing trend and extent of their combined exposure levels on methylation capacity remains poorly understood. We measured urinary concentrations of iAs, monomethylarsonic (MMA), and dimethylarsinic (DMA) acids using HPLC-HG-AFS, and calculated the primary (PMI: (MMA+DMA)/TAs) and secondary (SMI: DMA/(MMA+DMA)) methylation capacity indexes in 209 university students in Hefei, China, a non-As endemic area. Subjects were given with a standardized questionnaire to inquire their sociodemographic characteristics. Bayesian kernal machine regression (BKMR) analysis was used to estimate the association of lnTAs and lniAs levels with methylation indices (ln%MMA, ln%DMA, lnPMI, lnSMI). The median concentration of iAs, MMA and DMA was 1.22, 0.92 and 12.17 μg/L, respectively; the proportions of iAs, MMA and DMA were 8.76%, 6.13% and 84.84%, respectively. Females had higher %DMA and lower %MMA, while males had lower %DMA and higher %MMA. The combined levels of lnTAs and lniAs showed monotonic decrease in change of ln%DMA and lnSMI other than ln%MMA, additionally, change in ln%PMI was decreased only when levels of lnTAs and lniAs were larger than their 60th percentiles compared to they were at 50th percentile. With regard to single exposure level, the lnTAs showed positive correlation with ln%DMA, lnPMI, lnSMI when lniAs was set at a specific level; while lniAs showed negative correlation with ln%DMA, lnPMI, lnSMI when lnTAs was set at a specific level; and all the dose-response relationships were nonlinear. Our results suggested that combined levels of TAs and iAs played an important role in reducing As methylation capacity, expecially iAs; and the reduction only occured when TAs and iAs were up to a certain combined level.

Inorganic arsenic methylation capacity and breast cancer by immunohistochemical subtypes in northern Mexican women

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 109361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizbeth López-Carrillo ◽  
Brenda Gamboa-Loira ◽  
A. Jay Gandolfi ◽  
Mariano E. Cebrián
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Methylation Capacity

Sex differences in the reduction of arsenic methylation capacity as a function of urinary total and inorganic arsenic in Mexican children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Torres-Sánchez ◽  
Lizbeth López-Carrillo ◽  
Jorge L. Rosado ◽  
Valentina M. Rodríguez ◽  
Eunice Vera-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Methylation Capacity

Sex differences in the reduction of arsenic methylation capacity as a function of urinary total and inorganic arsenic in Mexican children

2016 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Torres-Sánchez ◽  
Lizbeth López-Carrillo ◽  
Jorge L. Rosado ◽  
Valentina M. Rodriguez ◽  
Eunice Vera-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Methylation Capacity

Moderating Role of Learning Strategies Between Meta-Cognitive Awareness and Study Habits Among University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 215-231
Author(s):  
Mussarat J. Khan ◽  
Seemab Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
University Students ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cognitive Awareness

The purpose of present study is to examine the role of learning strategies as moderator between meta-cognitive awareness and study habits among university students. Sample comprises of 200 students (100 male students and 100 female students) of various universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi with age ranging from 18-25 years. In order to assess study variables questionnaires were used included Meta-Cognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison, 1994) measuring two-components of meta-cognition that are knowledge and regulation of cognition. Study habits demonstrated by the students were measured by the Study Habits Inventory (Wrenn, 1941). Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, & McKeachie, 1991) which includes motivation and learning strategies scales. In the present study, only the learning strategies section was utilized, which measures the cognitive strategies and resource management strategies. Results revealed positive correlation between research instruments and are also having good reliability. Regression analysis reflected that meta-cognitive awareness predicts study habits among university students. Regression analysis also suggested that learning strategies including resource management strategies and cognitive strategies significantly moderates the relationship between meta-cognitive awareness and study habits. It is also explored gender differences on learning strategies, meta-cognitive awareness and study habits. Future implications of the study were also discussed.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards the New Zealand Government’s Smokefree 2025 goal associated with smoking and vaping in university students aged 18 to 24 years: results of a 2018 national cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037362
Author(s):  
Ben Wamamili ◽  
Mark Wallace-Bell ◽  
Ann Richardson ◽  
Randolph C Grace ◽  
Pat Coope
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
University Students ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds

ObjectiveIn March 2011, New Zealand (NZ) launched an aspirational goal to reduce smoking prevalence to 5% or less by 2025 (Smokefree 2025 goal). Little is known about university students’ awareness of, support for and perceptions about this goal. We sought to narrow the knowledge gap.SettingUniversity students in NZ.MethodsWe analysed data from a 2018 cross-sectional survey of university students across NZ. Logistic regression analysis examined the associations between responses about the Smokefree goal with smoking and vaping, while controlling for age, sex and ethnicity. Confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported where appropriate.ParticipantsThe sample comprised 1476 students: 919 (62.3%) aged 18 to 20 and 557 (37.7%) aged 21 to 24 years; 569 (38.6%) male and 907 (61.4%) female; 117 (7.9%) Māori and 1359 (92.1%) non-Māori. Of these, 10.5% currently smoked (ie, smoked at least monthly) and 6.1% currently vaped (ie, used an e-cigarette or vaped at least once a month).ResultsOverall awareness of the Smokefree goal was 47.5% (95% CI: 44.9 to 50.1); support 96.9% (95% CI: 95.8 to 97.8); belief that it can be achieved 88.8% (95% CI: 86.8 to 90.7) and belief that e-cigarettes/vaping can help achieve it 88.1% (95% CI: 86.0 to 89.9).Dual users of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes had greater odds of being aware of the Smokefree goal (OR=3.07, 95% CI: 1.19 to 7.92), current smokers had lower odds of supporting it (OR=0.13, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.27) and of believing that it can be achieved (OR=0.15, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.24) and current vapers had greater odds of believing that e-cigarettes/vaping can help to achieve it (OR=8.57, 95% CI: 1.18 to 62.52) compared with non-users.ConclusionsThe results suggest strong overall support for the Smokefree goal and belief that it can be achieved and that e-cigarettes/vaping can help achieve it. Smoking and vaping were associated with high awareness of the Smokefree goal, but lower support and optimism that it can be achieved.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Arsenic Methylation in Contaminated Italian Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5226
Author(s):  
Elisa Bustaffa ◽  
Francesca Gorini ◽  
Fabrizio Bianchi ◽  
Fabrizio Minichilli
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Arsenic Metabolism ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Methylation Capacity ◽  
Critical Public Health

Chronic arsenic (As) exposure is a critical public health issue. The As metabolism can be influenced by many factors. The objective of this study is to verify if these factors influence As metabolism in four Italian areas affected by As pollution. Descriptive analyses were conducted on 271 subjects aged 20–49 in order to assess the effect of each factor considered on As methylation. Percentages of metabolites of As in urine, primary and secondary methylation indexes were calculated as indicators for metabolic capacity. The results indicate that women have a better methylation capacity (MC) than men, and drinking As-contaminated water from public aqueducts is associated with poorer MC, especially in areas with natural As pollution. In areas with anthropogenic As pollution occupational exposure is associated with a higher MC while smoking with a poorer MC. Dietary habits and genetic characteristics are probably implicated in As metabolism. BMI, alcohol consumption and polymorphism of the AS3MT gene seem not to influence As MC. Arsenic metabolism may be affected by various factors and in order to achieve a comprehensive risk assessment of As-associated disease, it is crucial to understand how these factors contribute to differences in As metabolism.

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