<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>Buah <em>Blackberry</em> (<em>Rubus fruticosus</em>) merupakan buah yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dan antosianin yang tinggi yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan berkaitan dengan aktivitas fotoprotektif sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bentuk sediaan tabir surya seperti sediaan gel. Maka dilakukan penelitian untuk mengembangkan ekstrak <em>blackberry</em> menjadi gel tabir surya. Penelitian diawali dengan tahapan formulasi gel dengan menggunakan ekstrak <em>blackberry</em> sebagai zat aktif dengan variasi 5 konsentrasi masing-masing 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 1%; dan 1,25%. Zat tambahan yang digunakan adalah karbopol (<em>gelling agent</em>) 0,5%, gliserin (<em>humectant</em>) 10%, trietanolamin (<em>neutralizing agent</em>) secukupnya, nipagin (<em>preservative</em>) 0,18%, nipasol (<em>preservative</em>) 0,02% dan <em>aquadest </em>(<em>solvent</em>). Hasil formulasi gel ekstrak buah <em>blackberry</em> dilakukan uji kualitas sediaan meliputi uji organoleptis, pH, uji viskositas, dan daya sebar. Aktivitas tabir surya ditentukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri uv-visibel berdasarkan serapan pada panjang gelombang yang dapat menimbulkan eritema dan pigmentasi yaitu 292,5 nm – 372,5 nm. Parameter yang digunakan berdasarkan persen transmisi eritema (%Te) ,persen Transmisi pigmentasi (%Tp) dan nilai <em>sun protecting factor</em> (SPF) terhadap 5 formulasi gel. Hasil formulasi sediaan gel menunjukkan kualitas yang baik untuk empat formula (I-IV) sedangkan formula V menunjukan nilai viskositas yang kurang baik. Sedangkan hasil dari aktivitas tabir surya formula IV dan V memiliki aktivitas tabir surya tertinggi dengan nilai SPF kategori ultra dan nilai persen transmisi eritema (%Te) dan persen transmisi pigmentasi kategori <em>total block</em> atau <em>sunblock</em>. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa formula IV (ekstrak 1%) merupakan formula terbaik dengan kualitas sediaan dan aktivitas tabir surya terbaik dengan nilai SPF 31,2 termasuk kategori ultra sedangkan persen eritema (%Te) 0,24% dan persen pigmentasi (%Tp) 0,35% termasuk kategori <em>sunblock.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci </strong>: Buah <em>Blackberry</em>, Gel Tabir Surya , Spektrofotometri UV-Visibel.</p><p> </p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) is a fruit that contains high phenolic and anthocyanin compounds that have antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity is related to a photoprotective activity so that it can be utilized in the form of sunscreen preparations such as gel preparations. Then researched to develop blackberry extract into a sunscreen gel. The study began with the stages of gel formulation using blackberry extract as an active substance with a variation of 5 concentrations of 0.25% each; 0.5%; 0.75%; 1%; and 1.25%. Additional substances used are carbopol (gelling agent) 0.5%, glycerin (humectant) 10%, triethanolamine (neutralizing agent) to taste, nipagin (preservative) 0.18%, nipasol (preservative) 0.02% and aquadest (solvent) ). The results of the formulation of blackberry extract gel were carried out the quality test of the preparations including organoleptic test, pH, viscosity test, and spreadability. Sunscreen activity is determined using the uv-visible spectrophotometry method based on absorption at wavelengths that can cause erythema and pigmentation of 292.5 nm - 372.5 nm. The parameters used are based on percent erythema transmission (% Te), percent transmission of pigmentation (% Tp), and the value of sun protecting factor (SPF) on 5 gel formulations. The results of gel formulations showed good quality for four formulas (I-IV) while formula V showed poor viscosity values. While the results of the sunscreen activity of formula IV and V have the highest sunscreen activity with the SPF value of the ultra category and the percentage value of erythema transmission (% Te) and the percentage of pigmentation transmission in the total block or sunblock category. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that formula IV (extract 1%) is the best formula with the best quality preparations and sunscreen activity with an SPF value of 31.2 including the ultra category while the percent of erythema (% Te) is 0.24% and percent pigmentation (% Tp ) 0.35% included in the sunblock category.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Blackberry Fruit, </em><em>Sunscreen Gel, Spectrophotometry UV-Visible<strong></strong></em></p>
Antioxidant activity of raspberry (Rubus fruticosus) leaves extract and its effect on oxidative stability of sunflower oil
