scholarly journals Effects of n-butanol presence, inlet loading, empty bed residence time and starvation periods on the performance of a biotrickling filter removing cyclohexane vapors from air

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Rybarczyk ◽  
Bartosz Szulczyński ◽  
Milena Gospodarek ◽  
Jacek Gębicki
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Basic Process ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Filter Effects ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

Abstract This paper presents the results of investigations on the removal of cyclohexane vapors from air using a peat-perlite packed biotrickling filter. Effects of basic process parameters i.e. inlet loading and empty bed residence time as well as introduction of n-butanol to the treated air stream and starvation periods on the process performance were evaluated. The results show that the introduction of hydrophilic n-butanol results in an enhanced removal of hydrophobic cyclohexane comparing to the experiments where only cyclohexane was treated. Additionally, the biotrickling filter performance after the starvation events is regained to more extent for mixed system than for the single cyclohexane. A novel and interesting element of the paper is the application of an electronic nose for the process monitoring. Obtained results are discussed in the perspective of an influence of the presence of a compound with different affinity to aqueous phase on the removal efficiency of the compound with opposite chemical properties.

scholarly journals Torrefaction of Food Waste as a Potential Biomass Energy Source

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Rahsya Nur Udzaifa Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mazni Ismail ◽  
Ruwaida Abdul Rasid ◽  
Noor Ida Amalina Ahamad Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Ultimate Analysis

Food waste (FW) represents a major component of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Malaysia which causes negative impact due to poor waste management. One of a promising strategy to reduce the FW is to convert the FW to energy sources through thermal pre-treatment process which known as torrefaction. The aim of this study is to investigate the improvement of chemical properties and energy potential of the torrefied FW. The torrefaction of FW was conducted using tubular reactor to evaluate the influence of temperature (220 to 260°C) and residence time (15 to 60 min) on the quality of torrefied FW. The quality of torrefied FW were evaluated using ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, mass yield, energy yield and higher heating value (HHV). From ultimate analysis, the carbon, C was increased, however the hydrogen, H and oxygen, O decreased across the torrefaction temperature and residence time. This lead to the increasing of HHV with the increasing of temperature and time. The HHV of the dried FW was improved from 19.15 to 23.9 MJ/kg after being torrefied at 260°C for 60 min. The HHV indicated that FW has the potential to be utilized as an energy source.

scholarly journals ADSORPTION OF FLUORIDE FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER IN FIXED BED COLUMN USING JAVA PLUM (SYZYGIUM CUMINI)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tej Pratap Singh ◽  
Sanjay Ghosh ◽  
Majumder Cb
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Thomas Model ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

ABSTRACTObjective: The quality of drinking water is important for public safety and quality of life. Thus, providing every person on earth safe drinking waterseems to be the biggest challenge in front of mankind. For this purpose, here we have investigated the fluoride removal capacity of java plum.Methods: In this study, removal of fluoride from industrial wastewater using fixed-bed reactor adsorption techniques by java plum seed (Syzygiumcumini) was investigated. Fixed-bed column experiments were carried out for different bed depths, influent fluoride concentrations, and various flowrates. The Thomas model and bed depth service time model were applied to the experimental results. Both model predictions verify the experimentaldata for all the process parameters studied, indicating that the models were suitable for java plum (S. cumini) seeds (Biosorbent) fix-bed columndesign.Results: The empty bed residence time (EBRT) model optimizes the EBRT, and the Thomas model showed that the adsorption capacity is stronglydependent on the flow rate, initial fluoride concentration, and bed depth and is greater under conditions of a lower concentration of fluoride, lowerflow rate, and higher bed depth.Conclusion: The experimental results were encouraging and indicate that java plum (S. cumini) seed is a feasible option to use as a biosorbent toremove fluoride in a fixed bed adsorption process.Keywords: Adsorption, Column experiment, Thomas model, Empty bed residence time, Java plum.

Treatment of air polluted with methanol vapours in biofilters with and without percolationThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Avalos Ramirez ◽  
Sandrine Bénard ◽  
Anne Giroir-Fendler ◽  
J. Peter Jones ◽  
Michèle Heitz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity

Air polluted with methanol vapours was treated in a biofilter and a biotrickling filter, both packed with inert materials. The effects of the nitrogen concentration present in the nutrient solution, the empty bed residence time, and the methanol inlet load, on the biofilter and biotrickling filter performance were all examined and compared. The elimination capacity, the biomass and the carbon dioxide production rates all increased with the increase of the parameters tested. The maximum elimination capacity for the biotrickling filter was 240 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 75% and carbon dioxide production rate of 10 g·m–3·h–1, whereas the maximum elimination capacity for the biofilter was 80 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 35% and carbon dioxide production rate of 70 g·m–3·h–1. The biomass production rate was similar for both the biofilter and the biotrickling filter. The carbon dioxide production rate was higher by a factor of 2 to 9 for the biofilter compared to the biotrickling filter.

Control of VOC emissions from a flexographic printing facility using an industrial biotrickling filter

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sempere ◽  
V. Martínez-Soria ◽  
J. M. Penya-roja ◽  
A. Waalkens ◽  
C. Gabaldón
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Industrial Unit ◽  
Flexographic Printing ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

The study of an industrial unit of biotrickling filter for the treatment of the exhaust gases of a flexographic facility was investigated over a 2-year period with the objective to meet the volatile organic compound (VOC) regulatory emission limits. Increasing the water flow rate from 2 to 40 m3 h−1 improved the performance of the process, meeting the VOC regulation when 40 m3 h−1 were used. An empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 36 s was used when the inlet air temperature was 18.7 °C, and an EBRT as low as 26 s was set when the inlet temperature was 26.8 °C. During this long-term operation, the pressure drop over the column of the bioreactor was completely controlled avoiding clogging problems and the system could perfectly handle the non-working periods without VOC emission, demonstrating its robustness and feasibility to treat the emission of the flexographic sector.

Biofiltration de l'air pollué par le xylène : observations expérimentales

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnaa Jorio ◽  
Guy Viel ◽  
Michèle Heitz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Nutritive Solution ◽  
Filter Bed ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

A new filtering material has been tested for its biofiltration performance for the treatment of air contaminated with the three isomers of xylene. The biofilter, operated at an empty bed residence time of 68 s and for xylene concentrations up to 6.7 g·m–3, allowed a xylene load and reduction of more than 92% for concentrations up to 2 g·m–3, and more than 65% for concentrations less than 6.7 g·m–3. The maximum xylene elimination capacity is of 236 g·m–3·h–1. In general, the removal efficiency of meta-xylene is the highest whereas the removal efficiency of ortho-xylene is the lowest. At high xylene concentration, the increase of biodegradation intensity leads to the accumulation of a voluminous biofilm around the filtering particles, causing the clogging of the filter bed, the progressive retention of the nutritive solution in the superior parts of the bed, and the drying of the inferior parts of the bed. These observations have showed that a biofilter operating at high elimination capacities requires a meticulous control of the humidity of the filtering bed and a regular draining of the biomass excess. Key words: biofiltration, xylene, ortho, meta, and para isomers, carbon dioxide, biofilm, pressure drop, biomass excess.[Journal translation]

Slow granular filtration for water reuse

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adin
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Secondary Effluents ◽  
Granular Filtration ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The slow sand filtration (SSF) design parameters as known for purifying surface water cannot be copied for the treatment of secondary effluents. The objectives of the present research were to examine the possibility of slow granular filtration (SGF) as advanced treatment of secondary effluents for reuse purposes and examine filter performance under various design regimes. Slow granular filtration runs where made with four different filters at rate of 0.15 m/h. 0.6 mm, 0.25 mm sand or tuff grains or their combination were used. Grain size of 0.25 mm gave low impurities concentration in the effluent but short filtration runs. Double layer bed caused longer filtration run as well as lower impurities concentration in the effluent, Combining the tuff as the top bed layer caused longer filtration run, probably due to the morphologic and chemical properties of the tuff. The water column above the bed plays an important role in the filtration process. Intense microbiologic activity in the column changes the TSS and COD concentration as well as the availability of the biodegradable matter. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the water column above the bed, and in the bed depth can serve as a good indicator for ripening of the biological layer.

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