Trans fatty acids and atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome: The relationship with a free radical cis-trans isomerization of membrane lipids

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) may have an impact on offspring weight development. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to evaluate whether levels of these fatty acids during pregnancy influenced offspring weight development. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with DHA and/or EPA supplementation or cohort studies, which examined levels of DHA, EPA, or TFAs in maternal or neonatal blood samples and recorded offspring weight, were included. Overall, 27 RCTs and 14 observational studies were identified. The results showed that DHA and/or EPA supplementation doses >650 mg/day resulted in slightly higher birth weight (MD 87.5 g, 95% CI 52.3–122.6, n = 3,831) and combined BMI and BMI z score at 5–10 years (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.18, n = 3,220). These results were rated as moderate quality. Results from the observational studies were generally inconsistent. High TFA levels during pregnancy seemed to be associated with lower birth weight. Finally, this review and meta-analysis supports a relationship between high maternal or neonatal DHA and/or EPA levels and higher offspring birth weight and weight in childhood. More high-quality long-term studies are still needed.

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Trans Fatty Acids in Membranes: The Free Radical Path

Molecular Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12033-007-0054-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 19-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Carla Ferreri ◽

Maria Panagiotaki ◽

Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Radical ◽

Trans Fatty Acids

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Plasma Trans Fatty Acid Levels, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Lifestyle: Results from the Akershus Cardiac Examination 1950 Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12051419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1419

Author(s):

Anupam Chandra ◽

Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken ◽

Ivar Anders Eide ◽

Helge Røsjø ◽

Thea Vigen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Trans Fatty Acids ◽

High Plasma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Relationship

Intake of industrially produced trans fatty acids (iTFAs) has previously been associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and inflammation, as well as increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. iTFA intake declined in Norway after the introduction of legislative bans against iTFA consumption. However, the relationship between the current iTFA intake and CV health is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between current iTFA intake, reflected by plasma iTFA levels, and established CV risk factors. We also examined the associations between plasma ruminant TFA levels and CV risk factors. In this cross-sectional study, we included 3706 participants from a Norwegian general population, born in 1950 and residing in Akershus County, Norway. The statistical method was multivariable linear regression. Plasma iTFA levels were inversely associated with serum triglycerides (p < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.001), body mass index (p < 0.001), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.001 and p = 0.03) and C-reactive protein (p = 0.001). Furthermore, high plasma iTFA levels were associated with higher education and less smoking and alcohol consumption. We found that plasma ruminant trans fatty acids (rTFA) levels were favorably associated with CV risk factors. Furthermore, plasma iTFA levels were inversely associated with CV risk factors. However, our results might have been driven by lifestyle factors. Overall, our findings suggest that the current low intake of iTFAs in Norway does not constitute a threat to CV health.

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Trans-fatty acids and cancer: a mini-review

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114509991437 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (9) ◽

pp. 1254-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Brennan K. Smith ◽

Lindsay E. Robinson ◽

Robert Nam ◽

David W. L. Ma

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Genetic Polymorphisms ◽

Trans Fatty Acids ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Health And Disease ◽

The Relationship

The association between trans-fatty acids (TFA) and cancer risk is poorly understood and remains controversial. It is recognised that unique biological effects are associated with specific isoforms within families of fatty acids such as those belonging to the n-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the interactions between diet and genetic polymorphisms are increasingly recognised for their potential risk-modifying effects on human health and disease. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to evaluate whether specific TFA isomers and genetic polymorphisms differentially modify cancer risk in prostate, colon and breast cancers in animal and human models. Potential mechanisms of action by which TFA may affect cancer development are also reviewed. Overall, across a number of experimental models and human studies, there is insufficient and inconsistent evidence linking specific TFA isomers to cancers of the prostate, colon and breast. A number of methodological limitations and experimental considerations were identified which may explain the inconsistencies observed across these studies. Therefore, further research is warranted to accurately assess the relationship between TFA and cancer risk.

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Palm oil and human health: modern scientific outlook

Vrač skoroj pomoŝi (Emergency Doctor) ◽

10.33920/med-02-2103-01 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-25

Author(s):

Oleg S. Medvedev ◽

Nataliya A. Medvedeva

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Human Health ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Trans Fatty Acids ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

In Trans ◽

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils ◽

Cholesterol Control ◽

The Relationship

Review of scientific literature on the evidence of the relationship between palm oil (PO) and its components on human health, on the mechanisms of cholesterol control and risks for development of cardiovascular diseases. Natural interest in PO increased when it became evident that its physical properties make PO a natural substitute for partially hydrogenated vegetable oils containing trans fatty acids which have adverse effect on the human health. PO contains both saturated and unsaturated fats which makes it comparable with other vegetable oils, like olive, sunflower or soybean oils. Comparison with other vegetable oils did not show significant differences in of LDL, HDL or total cholesterol levels. Comparison of diets rich in PO with diets rich in trans fatty acids shows improvement of lipid profiles in groups with PO and serves as basis for replacement of trans fatty acids in food with PO and its fractions. In addition to fatty acids content, PO contains several phytonutrients including 4 forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols, carotenoids, sterols, and some others. Most of these compounds are considered beneficial for human health, mainly on account of their antioxidant activity. It is concluded that PO is safe component of food, when we pay attention to the rather high content of saturated fats in it.

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